According to legend, Ma Touqin was first made by a little shepherd boy named Su He in Chahar grassland. Sue and grandma live together. Live by the way you raise it. Su and he have extraordinary singing talent, and the neighboring herdsmen are very willing to listen to him sing.
one day, the sun had set and it was getting dark. But Su He hasn't come back yet. Just when people were very anxious, Su He came into the yurt with a furry little thing in his arms.
when people look at it, it turns out to be a newborn pony. Su He looked at everyone's amazing eyes and said to them, "On my way back, I met this little guy, lying on the ground and moving straight. As soon as I saw that no one had cleaned it up, I was afraid that it would be eaten by wolves at night, so I took it back. "
day by day, the little white horse has grown up. Beautiful and strong, everyone loves him, and Su He loves him even more.
One night, Su He was awakened from her sleep by the rapid neighing of horses. He thought of the little white horse, so he quickly got up and went out to see that a big wolf was blocked by the little white horse outside the sheepfold. Su He drove the wolf away. When he saw the little white horse dripping with sweat, he knew that the wolf must have been here for a long time. Thanks to the little white horse, he protected the sheep for him. He gently stroked the sweaty body of the little white horse and said to it, "Little white horse! Thanks to you. "
One spring, news came from the grassland that Wang Ye was going to hold a horse racing meeting in the Lama Temple, because Wang Ye's daughter wanted to choose the best rider as her husband, and whoever won the first prize would marry her daughter. Su He and his little white horse also took part. I set off with my beloved little white horse.
The horse race started, and many strong young men raised their whips and galloped. Finally, Su He and Little White Horse became the first. However, Wang Ye denied that Su He was poor. Unreasonably said: "I will give you three big ingots, leave the horse for me, and go back quickly!" "
"I'm here to race horses, not sell them." Sue and spoke those two sentences without thinking.
Su He was beaten black and blue by Wang Ye's men. And the little white horse was taken away.
Su He was rescued home by relatives and friends, and after a few days of rest under the careful care of her grandmother, she gradually recovered. One night, Su He was about to go to bed when she heard the door ring. Asked: "Who?" But no one answered. The door is still banging.
Grandma opened the door and saw, "Ah, it's a little white horse!" The little white horse returned with an arrow. The horse died the next day because of his injuries.
It turns out that Wang Ye was very happy because he got a good horse, so he chose an auspicious day, held a banquet and invited relatives and friends to celebrate. He wants to show his good horse in front of people, and ask the warriors to bring the horse and want to perform.
the prince just got on the horse and didn't sit still, when the white horse kicked him with a jerk, he fell off his head. The white horse struggled to get rid of the thick rope and rushed through the crowd. The prince got up and shouted, "Catch it quickly, or shoot it if you can't catch it!" " The archers hit several arrows, but the little white horse ran home and died in front of its dearest master.
Su He was heartbroken at the death of Baima. One night, Su He saw a white horse alive in her dream. He touched it, and it came close to him, and said to him gently, "Master, if you want me to never leave you and relieve your loneliness, then you can make a piano out of my bones and muscles!"
When Su He woke up, he made a piano out of the bones, tendons and tail of the little white horse.
whenever he plays the piano, he will think of his hatred for the sovereign; Whenever he recalls the excitement of galloping on a horse, the sound of the piano will become more beautiful. Since then, Ma Touqin has become the comfort of the herdsmen on the grassland. As soon as they hear this wonderful piano, they will forget the fatigue of the day and will not leave for a long time.
Extended information:
Ma Touqin is a Mongolian stringed instrument, a minority in China, which is named after the horse's head carved on the top of the piano. Ma Touqin has a long history, which evolved from the development of the stringed instrument Xiqin in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Genghis Khan (1155-1227) has spread among the people. According to The Travels of Marco Polo, in the 12th century, a kind of Er Xian Qin was popular among Tatars (the predecessor of Mongols), which may be its predecessor. Used in court bands in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
due to the different regions, its name, shape, timbre and playing method are also different. In the west of Inner Mongolia, it is called "Molin Huur", while in the east of Inner Mongolia, Hulunbeier, Zheheimu and Zhaowudamang are called "Chaoer". ?
There are other names, such as "Huwuer", "Huqin", "Mawei Huqin" and "Bowstring Huqin". Outside Inner Mongolia, Mongolian people in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Gansu and Xinjiang are also popular.
Ma Touqin is a representative musical instrument of Mongolian nationality, which not only occupies a place in the family in China and the world, but also is a favorite musical instrument of folk artists and herders. The music played by Ma Touqin has the characteristics of deep, rough and passionate, which embodies the production, life and grassland style of Mongolian nationality. ?
There are many excellent works by Ma Touqin. The traditional Qin music is diverse in style, full of grassland characteristics and euphemistic in tune, mostly depicting natural scenery or singing to horses.
such as Zhu Selie, Cool Hang Gai, Four Seasons, Mongolian Minor, Ordos Spring, Cool Spring, Walking Horse and Horse's Steps.
Zhu Selie is adapted from a folk song of the same name. "Zhu Selie" is the name of a mountain peak, which is used by music to describe the faithfulness of love between men and women.
"Cool Hang Gai" describes the summer scenery of mountains and pastures with abundant water and grass.
The Four Seasons is adapted from the folk song of the same name, with melodious and smooth tunes, which depicts the changes of natural scenery in Xilin Gol prairie throughout the year and the herdsmen's love for their hometown.
Excellent compositions praising the new era and new life include New Songs on the Grassland by Da Rima, Praise on the Grassland by Qi Baoligao, Praise on the Grassland Connected with Beijing, Wan Ma Benteng, Narrative, In Ordos Grassland, Mongolian Huqinzan and Ma Touqin Concerto of Xin Huguang.
"New Songs of Grassland" is based on the folk songs of Ximeng and Humeng, and it is a hymn of grassland and herdsmen. "The Grassland Connected with Beijing" shows the Mongolian people's ardent pride in the grassland and their hearts towards Beijing.
Wan Ma Benteng depicts the magnificent construction prospect of Senecio scandens in Inner Mongolia. Someone once said: The description of the grassland and the melody of a Ma Touqin song are far more vivid than the colors of the painter and the language of the poet. This is very apt. When a melodious Ma Touqin song is playing in people's ears, you should close your eyes and meditate with the melody ...
From the hunting culture period in the mountains to the early nomadic culture in the grasslands? The musical instruments used by Mongolians are not Ma Touqin, but plucked instruments such as Huobisi and Tubshur, which are mostly used for entertainment songs and dances.
from? According to the records in the Secret History of Mongolia and the History of Yuan Dynasty, Genghis Khan went to? During Kublai Khan's period, the Mongolian national musical instruments were mainly plucked instruments. Mongolian soldiers and herders in the Yuan Dynasty were good at playing fire and thinking, and liked to dance and step on songs collectively.
After the rapid development of grassland nomadic music, Ma Touqin, a stringed instrument, was born out and widely popularized, and eventually replaced the plucked instrument and became the most grassland-featured folk instrument of Mongolian people.
Obviously, when stringed instruments replace plucked instruments, the fire will gradually decline, and Ma Touqin will naturally become the protagonist of Mongolian instruments. Ma Touqin, an ancient stringed instrument, got its name because its head was carved with horseheads.
《? "The Draft of the History of the Qing Dynasty" contains: "Hu Qin, with a smooth texture, two strings, a dragon head and a square handle. The groove is oval and sharp, with leather, and the wood outside the groove is like a hairpin, and the dragon head is a mountain pass. The string is hollowed out, with two axes, one on the left and one on the right, and 81 stems tied with wooden ponytails. " Therefore, Ma Touqin originally had a dragon head.
This was recorded in Book 71 of History of the Yuan Dynasty, Rites and Music Records: "The huqin system is like a fire without thinking, and the neck is curled, and the dragon head has two strings, which are pressed with a bow, and the bow string is a ponytail." According to rock paintings and some historical data, the ancient Mongols began to process yogurt spoons, covered them with cowhide, and pulled up two ponytail strings to play them as musical instruments, which were called "spoon-shaped huqin". At present, many experts believe that this is the predecessor of Ma Touqin.
At that time, the longest spoon-shaped huqin was about two feet, and the * * * sounding box was smaller, so the sound was much smaller. So far? Some people in the west of Mongolia also call Ma Touqin "spoon-shaped huqin". At that time, the head of the piano was not necessarily a horse's head, but a human head, a skull, a crocodile head, a turtle shell or a faucet. In addition, it was said that the head of this kind of piano was in the shape of a monkey head or a Martel head.
Martel is shaped like a dragon and looks like a monkey, symbolizing a sacred object to suppress evil spirits. According to relevant scholars' research, Ma Touqin was born in the late 19th century and early 2th century, and the piano head was changed from a dragon head or a martel head to a horse's head.
Besides, there are many kinds of Qin, such as Pihu, spade Hu, Sihu, Xiqin and Jiqin, which were all popular musical instruments at that time. During the Yuan Dynasty, with the gradual prosperity of court life, there were specialized personnel playing, singing and dancing in the court, and Ma Touqin gradually became one of the main contents of court music.
Baidu encyclopedia-Ma Touqin