Introduction to the dance
The Pendulum Dance is mainly circulated in the Youshui River Basin at the junction of Hubei Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, and is mainly inherited from Laifeng, Hunan Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and Yongshun, Longshan and Yongshun. The Pendulum Dance is divided into two kinds: the Big Pendulum Dance and the Small Pendulum Dance. The Pendulum Dance reflects the production life of the Tujia people. For example, the Hunting Dance expresses hunting activities and imitates the gestures of animals and fowls. Including? Catching Monkey? and "Catch the monkey". Dragging Pheasant Tail? and "Rhinoceros looking at the moon". Rhinoceros looking at the moon? "The rhinoceros looks at the moon"? "The eagle's wings flashing"? "The Eagle's Wings", "The Eagle's Wings"? Jumping Toad and more than ten movements. It is the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list in China.
Clothing and props
The Pendulum Dance is a large-scale dance epic in which the Tujia people honor their ancestors, remember the hardships of national migration, and recreate the serenity of the idyllic life, and the costumes and props contain the cultural elements of the nation. Various kinds of ethnic costumes and props decorate the Pendulum Hall grandly and warmly. There are many streamers inserted on the Pendulum Field, and people hold dragon and phoenix flags (made of red, blue, white and yellow silks), and wear? Xilankabu? (flower quilt surface), holding a labeled? Blessings (the word for "blessing"), carrying wine pots, carrying grains, carrying preys, carrying poi, picking deep-fried noodle cakes, carrying tofu, holding qimei sticks, sacred swords, Chaojiao, carrying bird guns, qimei sticks, pokers and other props, blowing bull horns, earth horns, suona, and lighting three-eyed stylized cannons, the gongs and drums are noisy, the songs move the ground, men and women are joyful, the dances are graceful, and the atmosphere is very enthusiastic. The atmosphere was very enthusiastic. As described in a Tujia bamboo poem: "The brocade in Fushi City is a nest. In the city of Fushi, the brocade is made into a nest, and by the Tujia Palace, the water is born with waves. The red lanterns of thousands of people thousands of iterations, a piece of lingering swinging hand song.
Characteristics of Movement
The body movements of the Pendulum Dance are mainly taken from productive labor, daily life and battles. There are Single and double pendulum? The first is a double pendulum, and the second is a double pendulum, and the third is a double pendulum. The swinging of the pendulum? and so on. In the long-term development and change, in various places are not exactly the same, but its basic characteristics are the same, that is, the smooth turning, bending the knee, trembling, sinking. Shun abduction is the most important feature of the pendulum dance, that is, to shake the same side of the hand, it requires the hands and feet with tacit understanding, the same action, to the body's rhythmic movement with the hands of the hands of the pendulum, hand swing amplitude is generally not more than the shoulders, the pendulum line is smooth, natural and generous; knee bending requires the knees to bend slightly downward, the upper body is correctly set up, the palms of the feet force, appear solid, steady; trembling is the feet and arms with a slight slight small range of shaking, giving a kind of elasticity and toughness of the feeling; sinking refers to the accompaniment of the heavy beat when the body has a downward feeling, the action is calm and solid. These combinations of twisting, turning, bending, squatting and other movements require the alternation of tension and relaxation of the muscles in all parts of the body and the coordination of exertion and close cooperation between the upper and lower limbs. Therefore, the pendulum dance requires high coordination of the body.
Performance
When the pendulum activity is held, people carrying the dragon and phoenix flag, playing lanterns and torches, blowing the horn, suona, dongdong quinquanto, lighting firecrackers, put up the three-eyed cannon; carrying the cow head, poi, knife head (i.e., a large piece of cooked meat), rice wine, and other offerings, swarm into the pendulum hall.
First held a memorial ceremony, led by a reputable native teacher bowed to the ceremony, then in the enshrined statue of the gods below the side of the dance and sing songs of the gods. The content of the singing is mostly to praise the king of the soil and the ancestors of the grace and performance, to express the endless nostalgia of the Tujia people. Also symbolically invite the king of the soil and ancestors to come to participate in the hand-waving event, and people with the music.
After the sacrifice, the native teachers lead the crowd to the pingba outside the hall, surrounded by a big tree full of colorful lanterns, dancing to the rhythm of the gongs and drums. Men and women limbered up and danced in and out?
The dance is accompanied by percussion instruments, including a big drum, a big gong, a cowhide drum, and drumsticks. There is a big drum made of cowhide with a pair of drumsticks, a big gong and a gong mallet. The diameter of the drum varies from 0.6-0.85 meters and the height is 0.65-0.85 meters. Gong diameter of 0.65-0.85 meters ranging from 0.04 meters in depth, drumsticks, gong mallets depending on the size of the drum gong corresponding configuration.
When playing, one or two people in the center of the pendulum hall drums and gongs to command the whole field. Commonly used songs are single pendulum, double pendulum, grinding eagle wings, sowing seeds and so on. The rhythm is smooth, strong and weak, majestic and deep.
Pendulum dance is a song and dance as one integrated art, its song called "pendulum song". Laifeng Tujia now jumping pendulum dance, generally do not sing, but legend has it that a long time ago there is a pendulum singing, now passed down and preserved pendulum song there are two, a pendulum for the pendulum when wearing the singing of the mountain song "to eat to dig soil", the second for the "point of the song", the lyrics are certainly simple, but it is through the simple philosophy of life and the concept of hero worship.
Heritage value
Pendulum dance is the spiritual wealth created by the Tujia people for thousands of years, is the Tujia people in a long period of history, the epitome of the development of social production and the performance of artistry, and its growth, development, accompanied by the Tujia as a nation of the *** with the same body of the *** with the language, *** with the region, *** with the economic life and *** with the economic life and *** with the development of the Tujia people. It grows and develops along with the whole process of the formation of the same language, *** same region, *** same economic life and *** same psychological quality of the Tujia ethnic group, and it is a comprehensive carrier of the Tujia folk culture. The value of pendulum dance is not a general art form can be replaced, it has extremely important social value in the process of social and historical development of the Tujia people.
Passing on the national culture, strengthening the national consciousness
Cohesion of the national spirit, strengthening the national identity
Commodity circulation, active national economy
Improvement of physical and mental health, and the prosperity of cultural life
.