What rhetorical device is used in "After the Enrolment", what is the meaning of spring breeze, what is the meaning of complacent

A poem and painting Poetry is about the mood, about the beauty of the mood. We often say: "poetry and painting", poetry has a relationship with painting. Su Shi of the Song Dynasty commented on the poems and paintings of Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty: "Taste the poems of Mochizuki, and there are paintings in the poems: taste the paintings of Mochizuki, and there are poems in the paintings." (Calligraphy of Mojizi's Lantian Smoke and Rain), the issue of demarcation and interpenetration of poetry and painting is involved here. Certain landscape poems and landscape paintings, both of which take natural objects as their objects, but poetry and painting are two different kinds of art, and their effects are not consistent. As far as the viewer's point of view is concerned, it has some kind of common place, that is, certain poems depicting natural objects, in the viewer's point of view of the acceptance process, often reduced to a specific image of the picture. This kind of commonality is the basic meaning of "painting in poetry". The relationship between poetry and painting in my Song Dynasty there is such a story, Song Dynasty emperors such as Huizong Zhao Ji, Gaozong Zhao Gong are hobby painting and vigorously promote painting. The Song Dynasty established the Royal Academy of Painting, called Hanlin Academy of Painting and Calligraphy, with the title of pending imperial decree, Gionghou, art, students and so on. The Academy gathered hundreds of famous artists from all over the world, and opened the imperial examination to recruit painters by using ancient poems as examination questions. The title of the Academy was Wei Yingwu's famous landscape poem "Western Stream in Chuzhou": "I have pity on the grass growing by the side of the stream, and the oriole is singing in the deep trees above. The spring tide brings rain in the evening, no one in the wild boat crosses the river." However, only the last sentence, "No one in the wild boat crosses the river. Some of those who took the test drew an empty boat leaning against the shore, some drew a wild heron standing on the bow of the boat, and some drew a crow resting on the canopy of the boat, indicating that no one was on board. However, this is only illustrative, lack of subtlety and poetic. There is a very good idea, the boat from the transverse, a boatman cross-legged, sitting in the stern, the original no one transition, he was a DuiYuYu, leisurely at ease, playing the flute alone, seem to hear the flute sound clear, very poetic. This painting was selected as the first prize. There is another example, the proposition of painting: "Treading flowers to return to the horse's hooves". The examination room was quiet, and the applicants were all thinking hard. Some of them thought that the key point of the poem was the word "tread on flowers". So they drew some flower petals and had a young man riding a horse on the petals. He thought that this was not exactly trekking on flowers. It shows the happy mood after the spring trip. After analyzing, some feel that the focus is on the "horse". Treading flowers or, return or, hoof or, are inseparable from the "horse". So they carefully painted a horse, a young man on a horse from the flowers galloped, looks very powerful. Some people think "hooves" should be the focus, so in the drawing paper to highlight the hooves, and in the "hooves" painted next to the flying petals. He thought that the petals were raised, the hooves will not be "fragrant"! Among the many applicants for the examination, there was only one who drew a very special picture, named Li Tang. He did not draw any flower petals on his scroll. What he drew was a handsome young man riding on a steed as the sun was setting. The horse was galloping, its hooves raised high, and a group of butterflies were chasing after it, fluttering around its hooves. After Li Tang handed in his papers, the examiner selected them one by one. When he saw the picture of the fluttering butterflies, he smiled heartily. This painting was rated the best. Why was it the best? The examiner made some comments, and the candidates were all very impressed. The key to this candidate's success was that he had carefully analyzed the topic, fully understood the meaning of the verses, and found an ingenious way to reflect the meaning of the topic. Therefore, in the teaching of poetry, it is very important to be inspired by the poem into the painting, and then by the painting to interpret the poem, appreciate the poem, and realize the poem. Second, inside and outside the "preface to the poem of Mao" said: "Poetry, the will of the also, in the heart for the will, speak for the poem." "Zhi" is also "heart". Mr. Huang Houjiang also talked about the relationship between inside and outside of poetry, I think this "inside" is the "quality" of poetry, is the so-called ideological content, but also the poet's heart, the poet's inner world, the poet through the poem to say Zhi. For example, Meng Jiao's "After the Enrollment in the Academy": "In the past, I was not proud of my sordid behavior, but now I am thinking of endless debauchery. In the spring breeze, the horse's hooves are fast, and I can see all the flowers of Chang'an in one day." This poem was written by Meng Jiao at the age of forty-six after he had passed the entrance examination. He won the third place in this examination - the flower scout. Tang Dynasty practice, after the announcement of the results of the examination, the emperor will be in the Qujiang Pond feast for new entrants, new entrants have to wear flowers, so, visit Chang'an city at this time where there are flowers has become the honorary task of the third place - so it is known as the flower scouting. The poem is written about this matter. Ten years of hard work, the new bachelor's degree, the bitter end of the sweetness, horseback in Chang'an city to visit the flowers, the joy and honor since needless to say. The phrase "the spring breeze is pleased with the horse's hooves fast" is a vivid expression of this scene, we grasp this poem, we can enter the poet's inner world. Therefore, in the teaching of poetry, we have to go from the inside to the outside, in order to enter the world of the poet's mind. Third, the depth and shallowness of Mr. Huang Houjiang talked about the depth and shallowness of the problem, in the teaching of poetry, to achieve depth and shallowness. This requires teachers and students to accumulate poems, accumulation of thick and hair. Su Shi, in his poem "Sending An to his first place", said, "I don't tire of reading old poems a hundred times, but I know them by reading them y." Through familiar reading and deep thinking to obtain the aesthetic information of the poems. The information of a poem is the diction, structure, rhetoric, and blankness of the poetic text. Only through these aesthetic information, can we taste the poem's "meaning beyond words", "sound beyond strings", "flavor beyond purpose". For example, Liu Fangping's Spring Snow: "Flying snow with spring wind, wandering chaotically around the air. The gentleman looks like a flower place, but it is in the east of Luo Cheng." This poem, only from the literal point of view, the poem seems to write about the beautiful scenery of snow in the east of Luoyang City. But why is the snow in the east of the city abundant and beautiful? It turns out that the poet meant to say, east of the city of Luoyang are luxury houses, spring snow, people here not only do not feel the cold, but viewed as flowers, how do you know that people elsewhere at this time is in the wind and ice and snow. Thus, the poem that is to praise the snow? But satirize people. Ironically, the nobleman in the east of Luoyang is enjoying the snowflakes while others are freezing. "The place where you look like a flower is in the east of Luoyang City." The meaning of the verse is that people in the east of Luoyang do not feel the coldness of spring snow, but feel the beauty of spring snow, implying that people living in the east of Luoyang are all rich and powerful. "The poet sympathizes with the poor people who are frozen in the spring snow, but the rich and powerful people in the east of the city unexpectedly do not take the spring snow as cold, but feel the spring snow as beautiful, which shows that the rich and powerful people in the east of the city have no sympathy, which makes the poet feel surprised, and this is the meaning of "bias". "Like flowers" also not only refers to the east of the city of Luoyang spring snow like flowers, but also implies that people living in the east of the city of Luoyang rich and prosperous like flowers. Wu Qiao of the Qing Dynasty said in "Poetry in the Furnace": "The rice is a metaphor for the meaning of rice, the writing is a metaphor for the cooking of rice, and the poem is a metaphor for the brewing of wine. The rice does not change the shape of the rice, the poem is open quality all change." Therefore, in the teaching of ancient poetry, we should pay attention to the poem into the painting to feel the poetry, from the inside to the outside to experience the poetry, in-depth comprehension of the poetry, in order to enter the free kingdom of poetry. /space.php?uid=455&do=blog&id=103314