Waist Drum
. Waist drums were first popular in Shaanxi, and later developed in popularity throughout China. In the form of performance and skills, the changes are extremely rich in folk popularity is extremely widespread, is a form of performance popular among the people. In recent years, waist encouragement has been in many large and medium-sized cities in the residents of the rise, its main self-entertainment, but also a rich amateur life.
Ansai waist drum has a long history, born in the Northwest Plateau, in ancient times it is not only to inspire the border generals to charge into battle, the blood of the horn, but also the generals triumph of the welcome song, and now it is a symbol of the spirit of the people of Shaanxi Province. Drums to alarm, drums to help, drums to emergency, drums for fun, these are the functions of Ansai waist drums. The waist drum of northern Shaanxi has a broad mass base and a long history of development. In some major circulation areas, almost every village has a drum team, every family has a drummer. And it has been passed down from generation to generation and has lasted for a long time. Because of its long circulation, wide range, the number of participants, so the basic form of the dance and rhythm, although roughly the same, but in different areas, the formation of their own different performance styles and customs. Ansai Waist Drum is one of the representative ones. I. Historical Traceability The form and development of Ansai Waist Drum are inseparable from the local historical and geographical environment and folk customs. Ansai is located in the northern part of Yan'an area in Shaanxi Province, with a vast area, long ravines and gullies, and the Yan River meandering through the territory, which is a typical loess plateau landscape. Historically, it is a military town, known as the "throat of the upper county", "the key to the northern gate," known as one of the border fortresses to resist foreign invasion. Local people say, as early as in the Qin and Han Dynasties, waist drums were regarded as indispensable equipment by the garrison generals as well as swords, guns, bows and arrows. Encountered enemy raids, the drums alarm, pass the message; two armies against the battlefield, to drums to cheer; victory in battle, soldiers and drums to celebrate. With the passage of time, the waist drum from the military use gradually developed into the local people praying to the gods, wishing for a good harvest, celebrating the Spring Festival when a folk dance, so that the waist drum has a greater mass, but in the style of drumming and performance, continue to retain some of the Qin and Han generals of the vigorous and heroic. In 1981, in the neighboring Ansai County, Yan'an City, Liangcun Township, Wangzhuang Village, a small hill called "tomb collapse", the masses in the plowing found an ancient tomb. Which unearthed the same shape, character modeling of the two waist drum portrait bricks, are turned mold molding after firing. By the Yan'an area of cultural relics and archaeology experts, the Department of the Song Dynasty. Portrait bricks shaped by the drummer, the waist sat on a fine drum, side, head to the left after raising the left foot on the ground, the right leg before the cross stirrups, both hands a high and low as a hammer drums; the left side of a person for the cymbals, jumping up, sucking the left leg, eyes to the left, both hands in front of his chest cymbal shape. The drummer is bare-shouldered, wears lantern pants and a colorful sash around his waist, which floats to the bottom of the front. Especially the drummer's movements and image, quite similar to today's Ansai waist drum in the "horse stance stirrups" of the fourth beat and "forward progress" of the second beat. Waist drum portrait brick picture clear, beautiful shape, vivid performance of China's Song Dynasty in the northern Shaanxi region of the waist drum performance, the study of the historical origins and development of the northern Shaanxi waist drum, provides a valuable and informative cultural relics information. In 1942, Yan'an and shaanxi and gannin border area, the new rice-planting movement, so that the Ansei waist drums of this ancient folk art has been developed, become hundreds of millions of people celebrating victory, celebrate liberation of a symbol, and known as the "victory drums", all over the land of china, in the glorious history of the revolutionary arts and culture movement. 1951, Ansei waist drums to participate in the National Folk Music and Dance Performance, by the Ansei Fengjiaying village of folk artists such as Ai Xiushan and other folk artists from Fengjiaying Village in Ansei taught the Chinese Youth Cultural and Industrial Troupe the art of waist drumming, and won the Grand Prize after the performance at the World Youth and Student Festival held in Budapest, thus making the Ansei waist drums famous both at home and abroad. Second, the artistic characteristics of Ansai waist drum with its unique style, bold and rugged, strong and unrestrained, magnificent and famous, it organically combined with the rice-planting songs and martial arts movements, fully expressed the yellow earth people simple and honest, brave and powerful and open and optimistic character. The performance of Ansai Waist Drum is not limited by the venue, nor by the number of people. On the road, in the square, the stage can be performed, can be a single person, can be a pair of playing, but also dozens of people and even hundreds of people playing. The singles beaters leaping and spinning across the water, such as the waterfly, such as the spring swallow mud, such as the horse galloped, such as the tiger show power; group playing can change a variety of wonderful patterns, such as wild horses and rabbits cross-country. Ansai Waist Drums are divided into two kinds of drums, the cultural drums are mainly twisting, heavy twisting and light hitting; the martial arts drums are mainly hitting, heavy hitting and light twisting. Ansai Waist Drums fast release and fast collection, rapid changes, natural and generous, cheerful and smooth, rigid and flexible, flexible, in the development and evolution of the process of dance, martial arts, gymnastics, percussion, wind music, folk songs, etc. into one, so that their own from the content to the form of a richer, more ornamental, entertaining. Ansai Waist Drums are mostly performed collectively, and the drummers (called "Satchel Drums" or "Kick Drums") are as few as dozens of people, and as many as more than a hundred people. The team includes pulling the flower female corner, umbrella head, savage mother-in-law, savage Han and other roles, and "running donkey', "water boat", and other small programs such as the composition of the vast and mighty folk dance team. In the performance emphasizes the overall effect, requires neat and uniform movements and changes in formation normative, mainly through the drummers bold and rugged dance posture and powerful drumming skills, fully demonstrated in the man of the Loess Plateau men's masculine beauty. Ansai Waist Drum has a complete performance program and activity customs. In the past, more festivals and temple performances, the annual Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival, is the focus of the activity time. Before the start of the event, the president of the temple (elected by the village) to organize sacrificial activities, known as "visit the temple": dance team under the umbrella head, beat up the gongs and drums, blowing the oboe, and sometimes carry a whole pig whole sheep and other offerings to the temple to burn incense to the gods, praying for the gods blessed with good weather and prosperity of the country and people's peace. And in the temple square kicking and punching for a while, intended to entertain the gods. Visit the temple" end, the first eight or nine after the first month, the drum team will begin the door to the New Year's activities, commonly known as "along the door". There is a local proverb: "gongs and suona straight sound miles, buttocks under the stick pry miles!" The masses could not sit still. At this time, the waist drum team according to the situation in the village in order to walk around the house, in the courtyard of the main house, kiln performance for a while, the umbrella head according to the situation of each family, touching the scene to sing a few auspicious rice-planting songs to express the intention of the New Year's greetings. The host family believes that the waist drum team into the yard into the house, beating, dancing and singing, can eliminate disasters and disasters, peace in all seasons. This may be the ancient "townspeople Nuo" customary legacy. Sometimes two teams of waist drums on the way to meet, generally by the umbrella head of each other singing rice-planting songs, *** congratulations on the New Year.
I hope you adopt!