Latitude refers to the line-plane angle between a point and the center of the earth and the equatorial plane of the earth, and its value is between 0 and 90 degrees. The latitude of the point located north of the equator is called north latitude, which is recorded as n; The latitude at a point south of the equator is called the south latitude, and it is recorded as S.
The earth is constantly rotating around the earth axis (the earth axis is an imaginary line passing through the north and south poles of the earth and the center of the earth). Draw a great circle perpendicular to the earth axis in the middle of the earth, so that every point on the circle is equal to the distance between the north and south poles. This circle is called the equator. On the north and south sides of the equator, many circles parallel to the equator are drawn, which is the "weft circle"; The line segments that make up these circles are called parallels. It is defined as the angle between the line from a point on the earth's surface to the center of the sphere and the equatorial plane. We set the equator as zero latitude, 90 degrees south latitude to north, south latitude to south, and north latitude to north. The North Pole is 90 degrees north latitude and the South Pole is 90 degrees south latitude. Latitude also marks the hot and cold climate, for example, there is no winter in equatorial and low latitudes, no summer in polar and high latitudes, and four distinct seasons in middle latitudes.