(1) Dongzhai mangrove forest
In the north coast of Hainan Island, along the pavement before the port to Dongzhai port more than 10 kilometers long beach, there is a vast boundless mangrove forests, it is like a great green wall, out of the seawater: when the tide rises, the beach is submerged by seawater, the trunk of the tree is immersed in the water, only the dense canopy floating in the sea; after the tide is out, the mud trunks of trees Exposed to the surface of the sea, the roots are intertwined, as if a piece of primitive forest, so there is a "sea forest" or "underwater forest" reputation. This is the famous Hainan Island Dongzhai mangrove forest.
Mangrove forests are a kind of tropical trees growing on the beach, the beach composed of mangrove forests, called mangrove beaches. It is a biological beach like coral reef beach. In the tourist landscape of the beach, it has a special charm and style.
China's mangrove beaches as far north as the distribution of Fujian Province, Fuding area, but the growth situation is not very good, because with the increase in latitude, mangrove forests have a species become monotonous, the individual becomes short and sparse and other trends. Therefore, Hainan Island is the best place in the country to grow mangrove forests, especially in the area of 2,534 hectares of mangrove beaches from Puzian Port to Dongzhai Port, which is the best mangrove beaches in China, and was established as China's only mangrove nature reserve in 1980.
Mangroves are not a reddish color of trees, which are evergreen in all seasons and turquoise all year round. The mangrove forests here are mainly mangrove trees, red icon trees, autumn icon trees, wood olive, water coconut, hornbeam, white bone loam and other species. When visitors first see the mangrove forest, they can only see that the pillar roots of mangrove trees are very thick, crossing together in vertical and horizontal arches and sticking straight into the soil. These roots not only support the crown, but also absorb oxygen. The epidermis of the pillar root has lenticels. Inside there are interconnected pores. The underground roots of the mangrove get normal gas exchange through aerial roots and do not suffocate and die in the silt. Therefore, mangrove forests are particularly suitable for growth on the mud flats of the Gulf, which are rooted above the beach with special adaptability and extremely strong vitality, like a close and solid green city wall on the sea, protecting the coast from alluvial erosion.
If you go deeper into the mangrove forest, you can see the beach deep in the dense forest, there are some curved creeks, creeks within the water, you can also boat it! The boat along the stream can be, if you want to walk through the mangrove forest, it is very difficult. Because of the strange roots and branches of various mangrove trees, the roots are intertwined, curved in the east and west, forming a cross and messy line of defense, making the passage blocked. Mangrove branches and roots are very numerous, and some trees have hundreds of air roots hanging from them! Some trees even have hundreds of aerial roots hanging down from their trunks! For example, the red ibis has dozens or even hundreds of roots sticking out diagonally from the trunk of the tree. This branching root growth makes the mangroves very firmly rooted on the mudflats.
It is also interesting to take a closer look at the leaves of the mangroves. The mangrove's leaves are fat and shiny, reflecting the strong sunlight from the sea, and the backs of the leaves have short, dense tufts of hairs that protect them from seawater inundation. It also has well-developed glands that expel excess salt from the body to maintain physiological balance. Inside its leaves and bark, it contains a kind of tannic acid and special red pigment, which protects the leaves of the trees from rotting in sea water salinity. Therefore, mangrove forests are very suitable for growth in the beach environment, enjoying the reputation of "coast guard".
In a variety of mangrove forests, the individual red ibis is not large, the general trunk height of two or three meters, while the wood olive tree will be much larger, branches and trunks can be as high as six or seven meters. Some trees stem white, jade bone ice muscle general, grow very beautiful, such as white bone loam.
But the most interesting thing about mangroves is the way they reproduce. While the seeds of most plants take root and germinate only when they are buried in the soil after being detached from their mother, this is not the case with the mangrove forest. Instead of rooting and germinating on the silt flats, it begins to sprout on the mother, grows into a stick-like seedling hanging from the tree, and waits until it matures before falling from the tree and inserting itself into the soil, where, after a few hours, a new sprout is sent out from the top and roots are set down on the bottom, and a mangrove sapling begins to grow. Otherwise, the mangrove seed would have been suffocated and died if it had been buried in the silt alone. If the mangrove seed falls when the tide is high, the seed falls on the water and drifts around with the water. General mangrove seeds can be immersed in seawater for four months without losing viability, therefore, through the strong vitality and the flow of seawater, mangroves can travel far and wide, in other countries and foreign countries to grow and develop.
The unique living environment of mangrove forests also provides a good place for fish and shrimp to reproduce and survive. Here are not only fish, shrimp, crab crab growth, there are mountain pigs, otters, foxes and other animals out. Various fruits and small fish and shrimp, it becomes their main food. Swinging on the water streams in the forest, various water birds are often seen perched on the trees. Therefore, in this respect, mangrove beaches not only have special tourist attraction value, but also have high economic value.
With the gradual attention to natural environmental protection, it can be predicted that there will soon be more and better mangrove beaches in China's subtropical and tropical beaches!
(2) Coconut Grove in the Eastern Suburbs
A variety of tropical plants grow in all parts of Hainan Island, especially the which tree is everywhere.
Coconut trees on Hainan Island in the south and north of the difference, growing in the northern part of the island's coconut tree trunk thicker and shorter, while growing in the southern part of the island's coconut tree is thin and high. Hainan Island, the east coast of coconut trees grow better than the west coast, from Wenchang County to Yaxian hundreds of kilometers of coastal areas, coconut groves boundless, lush and pale, very spectacular. In particular, there is a "hometown of coconut," said Wenchang County in the territory of the eastern suburbs of the coconut grove, Hainan Island is the best in the coconut grove. Tour of the eastern suburbs of the coconut grove, you can enjoy the tropical sea, coconut beach of the charming scenery.
It is said that the home of the coconut is in the Malay Peninsula. How they moved to Hainan Island seems to have been difficult to prove. However, the relevant historical records, Hainan Island, the growth of coconut trees on the history of the Han Dynasty can be traced back at least 2,000 years ago: "Qiongzhou more coconut leaves, used to be in the Han Dynasty when the emperor, Zhao Feiyan set up as a queen, the base of the sister Hetu dedication of all the treasures of the coconut mat, see heavy in the world." When the Song Dynasty great writer Su Dongpo was banished to Hainan Island is also very much like coconut trees, but also extra favorite drink coconut juice, had a poem in which he praised: "Wine is born in the forest does not wait for Yi," meaning that the coconut grove in the natural wine, do not have to rely on the brewing expert Yiqiu in the Xia Yu era to brew the wine.
Fresh coconut juice is indeed a cool and thirst-quenching drink. But the uses of coconuts go far beyond that. Coconut oil can make high-grade soap, and can make mechanical lubricants or cooking oil; coconut shells can be carved and processed into a variety of handicrafts, as the so-called "coconut carving", broken coconut shells after dry durum is the best activated carbon for national defense and industry as a decolorizing agent; coconut palm water-resistant, can be made into brushes, brooms, ropes, sofas and so on filler; Coconut flower juice can be made of sugar, wine, vinegar; coconut tree dry material reddish-red, chic pattern, is an excellent building material; coconut leaves can cover the house, weaving daily necessities; coconut root with astringent function, can stop dysentery good medicine and so on. It can be said that the coconut tree is full of treasures. In the tourist landscape, the coconut tree pavilion, towering clouds, and with the sea breeze dancing, charming, the most tropical scenery; in the economic value, and is all over the place are used, is a more important cash crop.
People who have eaten coconuts know that the coconut's rind is divided into three layers, the outer layer is thin and smooth, dense texture, good water resistance; the middle layer is thick and loose, full of air, lightweight and floating on the water; the inner layer of the hard kernel, the kernel of a layer of white coconut meat and sweet coconut juice, they provide sufficient nutrients for the growth and development of the seed, and then the inside of the seed of the coconut tree, and, therefore. Coconut trees have a strong ability to float, and can often drift in the sea for months before settling on a suitable shore, sprouting roots, flowering and reproducing down. This probably explains why coconut palms mostly grow on beaches.
In the tropical crops on Hainan Island, coconut trees and like gum trees are the main ones, others are oil palm, betel nut, coffee, cocoa, pepper, lemongrass, sisal, island cotton, cashew nuts and so on. Wenchang County farmers according to the different habits of tropical crops, three-dimensional planting, layered cultivation: in the highest layer of the sweet Portuguese, fruit such as small lanterns, hanging all over the head of the technology; to the next layer, is the cocoa and coffee, cocoa leaves palm-sized, some light red, some dark green, fruits are shaped like a bitter gourd, exuding a wisp of fragrance; coffee is shorter than the cocoa, in the lush branches and leaves, revealing a tuft of coffee, like a string of coral beads; the bottom layer of the coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee. Coral beads; the bottom layer, is a herbaceous crop, there are taro, sesame, lemongrass and so on. Of course, the coconut tree is the highest layer of crops, it and sweet fruit and other plants to the bottom of the plant cane shade, the bottom of the plant to the coconut tree to retain water, fertilizer, soil, mutual use, to fully utilize the characteristics and strengths of various plants.
(3) East Ridge style
Wanning County, located in the southeastern part of Hainan Island in the territory of the sea, there is a peak, the mountain is not high and dangerous, but the scenery is peculiar and colorful, enjoying the "first mountain in Hainan" of the name of the beauty of the mountain, which is the East Ridge. East from the East Mountain Ridge, there is a seaside lagoon (that is, a huge seaside lakes, it has a channel to communicate with the sea), like a mirror, set in the South China Sea along the seashore, known as "China's first big lagoon", which is the small sea.
Dongshanling, also known as "Penjia Mountain", and Wenfeng Pagoda across the river, is a summer resort. Mountain boulders everywhere, there are several trails through the mountains, along which to climb, or into the cave, or climb the strange stone, or cliffs, or see the spring, the scenery changes, with the step to move the scene. As early as the end of the dynasty, Dongshanling has "immortal boat tie", "Yaotai look at the sea", "Penglai fairy cave" and other eight most scenic said.
The three peaks of Dongshanling are about 10 kilometers in circumference, and the main peak is 184 meters above sea level, which is not high and steep, but it is standing on a coastal plain, which is abrupt and upright, and it is quite imposing. At present, Dongshanling Branch of the China Travel Service has been established on Dongshanling, with guest rooms and restaurants. From the travel agency to the east more than a hundred steps, it will be "sea eyes flow Dan" area scenic spots, trickling clear contact, long flow of stone tripods, stone temple of the Pure Land, the fragrance of dense. To the north climbed more than 400 stone ladder, up to the peak, Wanning territory in full view, mountain, sea, lake and field of the scene, all people are happy. Turning to the west, it will be "Yaotai Wanghai" scenic area, based on the "Wanghai Pavilion", you can look out over the vast ocean in the smoky waters, if the emergence of Dazhou Island, this is an island known for producing valuable delicacies - bird's nests. Bird's Nest, a small island famous for producing the famous delicacy, Bird's Nest; the "Red Flag" of Liulianling, stretching under the blue sky, with beautiful scenery; you can also linger in the scenery of "Crown Covered by Flying Xia", "People's River and Mountain. The city is also a place where you can enjoy the scenery of "Crowned Haze" and "People's River and Mountain". When Li Gang, the minister of the Ministry of War of the Song Dynasty, was deported to Wanzhou, he built the "Chao Yin Temple" under the rock, which makes you feel that the ancient and modern scenic spots are reflecting each other, and there are thousands of meteorological features. Following the steps down, under the "Cloud Cliff" standing on the cloud surface, "Huafeng Xian Rock", "Immortal Boat", "Penglai Immortal Grotto" and "Wanshou Cave" of the Ming Dynasty. "as well as the Ming Dynasty Wanzhou pastor Zeng Guangzu inscribed "Hainan's first mountain" and other famous scenery stone carvings, gathered in one place, people are dazzled. "Immortal ship" under the 36 caves, some holes towards the sky, some holes hidden, holes connected, exquisite, from the natural carving of the artist's ghost-axe work of art, known as the "world of holes". Next to the immortal boat there is a "heavenly bridge", across the "heavenly bridge", you can go to "made in heaven", "overseas paradise" of the "meeting place". The "Meeting Place". At this point, turn back through the "Peach Garden" stone corridor, see a huge stone rises up from the ground, really have a "jade tablet in the sky" feeling. Step down the "cloud road," the first step, in front of the clear stream around the mountain turn, rock and bamboo rustling to get QianYing, "blue water around the dragon" scenic spot of all kinds of scenery, more people enjoy the eyes, fresh and incomparable.
Dongshanling not only beautiful monuments, famous Qiongdao, but also "three treasures", full of reputation in Hainan. Contemporary famous playwright Tian Han had a poem, praising the three treasures of Dongshan - sheep, tea, spring, the poem said: "Qiongzhou more resorts, this ridge alone. Sheep fat love Chi grass, tea is good with the famous spring."
Dongshan sheep, strong and tender meat, meat thin fat less, no stink. Local people say, the reason why the east goat grows so well, is to eat the east mountain ridge on the Ganoderma lucidum grass. Ganoderma lucidum grass is the east mountain ridge on the mountains of grass, plus the ridge boulders, rivers and streams flow, the east goat is placed in the mountains, let it run and jump, find their own food. Therefore, the east goat is not as docile as the general home rearing sheep, and its meat is naturally much more tender and fresh. According to historical records, the East goat breeding in the Tang Dynasty on a certain scale. It seems that the history of the Dongshan goat has been a very long time.
Dongshan Ling is located in the tropical seaside, the regulation of the sea, the mountains in the Gangqi, abundant rainfall, fertile soil, breeding Dongshan Ling's famous tea - partridge tea, long drink this tea, you can clear the brain and refresh the mind, promote food fitness. If with Dongshan spring water, the flavor is even better.
Dongshan spring water, from time to time from the cracks in the gurgling and leakage, from time to time from the ground gurgling out, constantly changing, loss of uncertainty. The water is larger and fixed in three places: the lion next to the platform, "Flying Stone" engraved on the "Hainan first spring" five words, the stone under the spring, year-round flow, a spring pool, fish play which, next to the pool, stone couch, stone stoves and so on. According to legend, there is a Taoist in ancient times in this cultivation side, so it is called "Xianquan". The other two: one in the "sea flow Dan", also known as "water flow tripod"; a travel agency in the back side. Dongshan spring water, clean and sweet, is a good spring.
On the coast of the eastern foot of the Dongshan Mountain Ridge is China's famous lagoon, the Little Sea. Xiao Hai and the South China Sea has a tidal channel, is the tide in and out of the place, the passage of ships to the road. A little inside the channel, there is a small harbor, that is, Hong Kong North Port. The small sea is dozens of miles in circumference, with vast water surface, calm winds and waves, which is a good site for mooring and breeding. At present, the small sea, to raise shrimp is famous, after several months of breeding, the general shrimp can grow to more than ten centimeters, tender meat, excellent taste. Just like on the east mountain ridge, you have to taste the east goat delicacies; down the small sea, do not forget to taste the good taste of shrimp!
(4) South China Sea macaque island
From the Wanning County East Mountain Ridge continue southward, it will be in Lingshui County, the South Bay Peninsula. The Nanwan Peninsula, which faces water on three sides and is connected to the land by a narrow strip at one end, covers an area of 933 hectares, with the highest point 240 meters above sea level. The peninsula is home to about 25 groups of monkeys, totaling nearly 1,000, in the thickets of the Hengshu trees, making it a natural paradise for rhesus monkeys, and is known as "Monkey Island". The Nanwan Peninsula is the only nature reserve in China where monkeys are domesticated.
At the top of the island, you'll feel like you're on the "Mountain of Flowers and Fruits" as depicted in Journey to the West. Here, the monkeys are in large groups, chasing among the trees and rocks, playing in the flowers and caves, making noise and even fighting, in a variety of forms for your viewing pleasure. The island's plant diversity, fruitful, coconut hanging high, mango is ripe, pineapple fragrance, peach tired, lychee, longan, grapes, pomegranate ...... called the "island of flowers and fruits", probably true to its name!
The macaque monkeys that live on the South Bay Peninsula are smaller, a type of rhesus monkey called the rhesus monkey or Guangxi monkey, which is a second-class national protected animal. The monkeys live in two separate areas, each with its own rules and monopoly, and do not offend each other. Of course, sometimes it is unavoidable to have a fight, then the monkey king of the two groups of monkeys, the first monkey, bravely fight, to win the respect of the monkeys. In the South Bay Nature Reserve, there are two macaque feeding grounds.
The west food court is on a low hillside, where there are some small stone benches and tables with dried sweet potatoes, rice, peanuts, etc., which are intentionally placed by the handlers, because the macaques love to eat some potatoes and all kinds of food in addition to all kinds of fruits on the island. The East Food Farm also has a similar domestication method. Nowadays, as soon as the handler whistles, the macaques will come from all over the place and start a beautiful meal. It is said that when the macaques were first domesticated, the monkeys did not come at all, and then only after patient waiting did they gradually eat. Soon, the two groups of monkeys in the east and west fought for food and were incompatible with each other, so two food courts were established in the east and west to avoid wars between the monkeys.
The monkeys are a very spiritual animal, and according to psychologists' research, the macaques also have psychological activities similar to those of human beings. The macaques in Nanwan can recognize men and women, and are especially rude to women. To strange men, macaques are afraid to death, once they see will be far away; and see a woman, macaques will go up to shout and grab touch, and even stop the passing women, seemingly want to do molestation. Therefore, I am afraid that there is a reason for the ancient saying that the macaque is "wild"! Macaques are extremely afraid of snakes and dogs, a snake coiled near the neighborhood, or the dog approached, will be scattered, but the macaque is not afraid of storms, encountered a storm but as if nothing happened, still resting in the branches of trees or caves as usual.
The rhesus monkeys are in heat from the end of October to the beginning of February each year. During this time, the king of the monkeys often has three wives and four concubines, dominating the female monkeys and causing jealousy and hatred among the monkeys. Rhesus monkeys have one litter per year, one child per litter, six months of gestation, five years old and mature, and generally live to be about 30 years old.
The macaque is not only a rare ornamental animal, but its economic value is also extremely high. Its gallstones called "monkey date", can treat malignant tumors, dizziness, headaches and other neurological diseases, is a very valuable medicine. Monkey brain and monkey meat early and other tonic and delicacies, in the Guangdong style restaurant, can still be tasted.
(5) Fairyland Luhuitou
Luhuitou is about 5 kilometers south of Sanya Port in Yaxian County. Here there is a mountain rising from the ground, majestic and precipitous, extraordinary, because it looks like a golden deer standing in the sea looking back, so the name "Deer Head", and there is a touching story.
A long, long time ago, there was a brutal mine master, want to get a pair of valuable antlers, forced the Li ethnic youth Ahe to go to the mountains to hunt deer. Once Ahei hunting in the mountains, saw a beautiful deer, is being chased by a leopard, Ahei with an arrow killed the leopard, and then on the deer in hot pursuit, has been running for nine days and nine nights, over ninety-nine mountains chased to the south of Sanya Bay coral cliffs, the deer in the face of the vast South China Sea, the front of no way out. At this time, the young hunter was about to take an arrow to shoot hunting, the deer suddenly turned back to gaze with love, into a beautiful girl to him, so they married. Deer girl invited a group of deer brothers, defeated the mine master, they settled in the cliff, men plowing women weaving, through the children and grandchildren reproduction, the coral cliffs built a beautiful manor. Deer back to the head" is also therefore famous in the world.
Luhuitou area, villas are hidden in the dense shade. Tall coconut trees grow tall and elegantly. On both sides of Luhuitou beachfront, there is a coral reef platform, more than a hundred meters wide, on the reef protruding or pit hidden. On the beach above the platform, all the coral remains, some still preserve the shape of the coral, some have been washed into coral sand. Walking on the white coral beach, looking away from the blue South China Sea, one's heart is open and bright.
In the Luhuitou east guillotine, there are two small bays, the big one is called "big East China Sea", the small one is called "small East China Sea". The beach is soft, white and delicate, the sea water is clear and quiet, all year round, day and night, morning and evening, men and women, young and old, can go for a swim. Than the northern part of Hainan Island's sea water bathing beaches such as Xiuying seaside bathing beaches, large and small East China Sea sea water is cleaner, the waves are more flat micro, and even to a large extent, also better than the famous Tianya Haijiao around the seaside bathing beaches. Therefore, it can be regarded as the best beach on Hainan Island. Recently reported that Hainan Island in the development of a more beautiful beach - tooth Long Bay. There is known as "China's Hawaii". Even praise "is not Hawaii, better than Hawaii". Estimated that in the near future, Hainan when another beach added a scenic.
(6) Oriental Hawaii - Yalong Bay
A few years ago, still unknown Yalong Bay Beach, now with its unique natural scenery, to the "Oriental Hawaii" reputation, reputation at home and abroad.
Yalong Bay is located about 30 kilometers east of Sanya City, where the back of the mountains, facing the sea, the sea blue sky clear, sand gulls flying collection. White and soft sandy beach, up to more than 7000 meters long, more than 100 meters wide, flat beach surface, the outside of the bay has five small cliffs shelter protection, the bay is calm, very suitable for seawater bathing. There is no winter here all year round, the average annual temperature is 25℃, the average temperature in summer is 28℃, and the average temperature in winter is not less than 20℃, and the temperature of the sea water is above 20℃ all year round due to the influence of the Philippine warm current. Therefore, the sea temperature remains above 20℃ all year round due to the influence of the Philippine Warm Current. Even in the winter season, when the northern part of the country is still frozen and snowy, the beach of Yalong Bay can be bare-bodied, enjoying the sand, seawater and sunshine, and tasting coconuts, watermelon and ice cream.
Yalong Bay is also a submarine garden, due to the warm water temperature here, seawater clean, transparency, salinity moderate, as long as the dive into a few meters of water depth, you can see the colorful underwater coral landscape. Living coral points, like blooming flowers, water flow over, dancing with the water, gesture exceptionally beautiful. There are various kinds of coral, there are alabaster-like chrysanthemum coral, there are pink lotus coral, there are light yellow mushroom coral, there are crimson peony coral, it is really colorful and amazing.
Diving at the bottom of the sea, in addition to viewing the colorful coral reefs, you can also catch lobsters and other marine animals. Long and strong lobster, weighing up to several kilograms, up to sixty, seventy centimeters long, hard crust, bright color, slow, often out at night to feed, but during the day in the coral reefs. In Hainan to listen to the fishermen who specialize in diving to catch shrimp, said the capture of lobster is the most interesting thing.
The name of Yalong Bay is said to be related to a folk legend. Legend has it that a long, long time ago, two dragons inhabited the depths of the South China Sea, a green dragon and a black dragon. They fought each other for ten days and ten nights for the position of the Dragon King, making the water turbulent and dark clouds. One day, the green dragon took advantage of the black dragon's surprise, picked up a huge pearl and smashed it into the black dragon. The black dragon saw the situation is not good, then open the huge mouth, want to swallow the pearl, who knows the huge pearl just hit the black dragon's incisors, knocked down the dragon's teeth, the black dragon bear the pain to escape. And that dragon sub but fell in this into the beach, become today's "Yalong Bay".
(7) the end of the world and the cape
In the town of Sanya, Yaxian County, 24 kilometers to the west, there is one of the most prestigious tourist attractions - the end of the world and the cape.
Tianyahaijiao, formerly known as the lower horse ridge, south of Sanya Bay, above the beach, the strange stones, or clusters of clusters of standing, or a lone stone protruding, scattered in the thousands of meters long beach. One of the rounded boulder, engraved with "the end of the world" two words, in its side of a lying stone above, and engraved with "Cape" two words, constituting the main body of the end of the world Cape tourist area. Two stone of the left, rose up a stone pillar, the momentum of the sky, engraved on the "South Heavenly Pillar" four big words. When the tide comes, the waves hit the reef, splashing layers of snow waves, issued a roaring sound, visitors to this place, really have to the end of the world, the sea of the corner of the true feeling.
The end of the world near the long stretch of beach, but also scattered with many strange stones, some like tigers, some like turtles, some like frogs, there are if the boar ...... demeanor is different, lifelike. In the flat broad far beach, sand soft tide flat, wave micro-flow warm, all year round without winter and summer, the water temperature is suitable, is very ideal for the beach bathing.
The seawater here is clean and quiet, transparency, snorkeling enthusiasts as long as the depth of a few meters, you can enjoy the colorful underwater scenery. The colorful coral bush, alabaster chrysanthemum coral, pink lotus coral, vermilion peony coral and yellowish mushroom coral and so on, each put on a different color, compete with each other. Coupled with a variety of strange, but exceptionally lovely tropical fish and seaweed and other leisurely growth in the middle, constituting a magical and beautiful "underwater garden".