1. U.S. Army five-star general Marshall
2. famous French Fauvist representative Matisse
3. dramatist Hong Shen
4. actress Gong Li
5. Zhang Chaoyang
1. Marshall is one of the three five-star generals of the U.S. Army, and has been serving as the chief of staff of the U.S. Army during the Second World War. He assisted President Roosevelt in establishing the international anti-fascist united front, and commanded 8 million U.S. troops to work with the Allied Forces to fight against the armies of Germany, Italy, and Japan on vast battlefields all over the world, and ultimately won a great victory in the anti-fascist war, and made a great contribution to the cause of the world and the civilian population
.
The Lord's cause has made great contributions. After the war, he became the president's special envoy to China to "mediate" the conflict between the two parties, but was unsuccessful.
After returning to China, he served as Secretary of State and implemented the Marshall Plan to assist Europe in its economic recovery, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Marshall was born on December 31, 1880, in Uniontown, Pennsylvania.
Marshall was the youngest of three children, and his older siblings disliked the extra little brother born into the family. Sister
Mary was a smart, selfish, yelling child who was always mad at her brother. Older brother Stuart was his father's favorite and bullied little Marshall every chance he got so that
he wouldn't have to share his father's favor with his younger brother. If only Marshall had been able to outwit his older siblings,
his life might have been better, but sad to say, he was a slow learner as a child.
Marshall was often physically punished by his father, and with a long wicker stick in the basement of the house, beatings were a common occurrence.
Despite his frequent beatings, he never saw his brother get one, so he concluded that his brother was either a perfect man,
or a spoiled brat who could do wrong without being beaten. The young Marshall refused to work hard in elementary school and often finished last in his class
When his father took him to an interview at the age of 9 for a job at the Uniontown Public School, he was baffled by most of the extremely simple
questions, which made his father feel embarrassed. This added to Marshall's low self-esteem, and he decided that he wasn't
book material, so he used to do things that were mischievous. His older sister, Mary, realizes that it is dangerous to tease her brother at school for not being good at school
. She made the mistake of calling her brother "the class dunce", only to lift the sheets the next night and find a frog in his bed. When Mary invites her friends over for a party, she convinces her mom to keep her brother out of the house. So he ran off into the attached
nearby woods to barrel a hornet's nest until the enraged hornets flew out and chased him. He led the pursuing hornets into the yard,
and then rushed into the house, where he deftly circled east and west before ducking into the outhouse. The wasps continued to fly, breathing out their anger
at Mary's friend. He received a severe beating for it, but he didn't stop. He never stopped messing with his sister until one day, with a watering tap in his hand
he waited at the front door of the house for Mary in her night gown to come through. Instead, however, it was his mother who came in and was greeted
with a spray of water in his face. Of course, the mother forgave him; she loved her youngest son and lavished on him the
kindness he had never received from his father. But his older brother, not one to miss an opportunity, told the elder Marshall, and he was dragged down to the basement again.
In September 1897, at the age of 16, Marshall managed to get into the Virginia Military Institute, the impetus for the matter coming from his older brother's disdain for
him. He vowed to impress them. Life at the military academy was grueling, especially for first-years, who often
did the kind of work that was dirty and tiring. The older students called the freshmen "rats" and wore them out. Marshall arrived at the school after a bout with typhoid fever. Upon his arrival, he attracted the attention of the upperclassmen, who called his "awful Pittsburgh twang" ear-splitting and told him to scrub the toilets alone. Marshall later admitted that he scrubbed more toilets in his first month at the military academy "than a cleaning woman
does in a lifetime." His real respect at the school came later with the "bayonet incident". It was a test for older students against
"rats" by sticking a bayonet in the floor, point up, and forcing the freshmen to strip off their clothes and crouch in the air on the bayonet for
10 minutes. Marshall just had typhoid fever body is very weak, the result of two or three minutes, he could not support, all of a sudden sitting on the knife
tip. He was quickly rescued, bleeding profusely, and finally carried to the army doctor for a dozen stitches. The upperclassmen feared that he would sue
the school, but to their surprise, Marshall said nothing about it. All of a sudden, people respected him.
At the military academy, his brilliant command skills were noticed by a young woman. Her name was Elizabeth Coles Carp
They were a beautiful woman with a flushed face and sparkling eyes. Soon they were wildly in love. Many talented and beautiful women
had figured prominently in the latter part of George Marshall's life, including two English duchesses, a famous
Chinese beauty and a reigning European queen, but none of them, not even his beloved second wife, had ever
prevailed on him as much as Elizabeth. His devotion to her remained unchanged during her life and after her death.
Elizabeth played the piano well, and she had the certainty that she could use her music to charm Marshall, a young, handsome
cadet captain who lacked musical literacy. As he and a group of schoolmates passed by her house one evening, a Chopin serenade wafted
through the open window. The next night when he passed by again, he heard her singing Heine again. So he stood under the window for a long time, until
the hall door opened and young Elizabeth, beaming, asked if he would come in for a little sitting. He assented. He went in disoriented
and came out drunk.
On the evening of Feb. 11, 19O2, Marshall was married in the same room where Elizabeth played her enchanting music. But that night
Marshall heard the shocking news that she suffered from mitral atresia, a heart condition that absolutely could not withstand the risk of having a child
and would have to be cared for as a semi-invalid. It was a crushing blow to Marshall, but it didn't shake his
fierce love for her.
After the marriage Marshall faced serious financial problems. He had to support himself
, his wife, and his mother-in-law on a second lieutenant's salary of $116.67 a month. That's when he began to realize that "no man makes less than an ensign."
The Marshalls had been afraid to have children, and in 1922 they adopted a little girl, Rose Page. She was
smart
and brought joy to the family, but that joy didn't last more than a few years.
On the morning of Sept. 16, 1927, the time bomb buried inside Eliza
White's body finally exploded. At this time, Marshall was 47 years old, and he became the loneliest man in the U.S. Army.
In the summer of 1929, a beautiful widow named Katherine Brown became enamored of Marshall, and Marshall fell in love with her
at first sight. This was Marshall's second wife, and they were married on Oct. 15, 1930, with Gen. John Pansing serving as
best man, and the pair's relationship has never faded since.
On September 1, 1939, Marshall became Chief of Staff of the Army, with the temporary rank of general and the permanent rank of major general, and, as President Roosevelt's
principal military aide, organized and led all of the major campaigns of the Second World War to a series of victories.
In December 1944 he was awarded the rank of five-star general, making him one of the highest ranking one of the highest-ranking generals in U.S. history.
Marshall's other major contribution was the implementation of the "plan for the revitalization of Europe", known as the "Marshall Plan". For this, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in December 1953
.
On October 16, 1959, Marshall died in his bed at Walter Reed Hospital. He went quietly, unperturbed, as
as they say, he was there a moment ago, and a moment later he was gone.
Churchill, in London, summarized the mood of the people in the phrase "He was the last great American of our time."
2. Henri Matisse, the famous French Fauvist
Henri Matisse was born at 8:00 p.m. on December 31, 1869, at his grandfather's home in the French town of Le Gardou. His father, émile
was a merchant of medicine and grain, and had a prosperous business. He wasn't rich, but the family was well off enough to allow Henri to complete his
schooling and pursue a decent career.
Henry entered the public school at the age of ten, where he studied Latin and Greek. In his quiet academic life, he showed no
intelligence or special interest, but simply did whatever he was told to do.
In 1887, Henri graduated from high school. Emile sent him to Paris to study law. Henri loved Paris and he passed his exams
with flying colors. After formally completing his studies, he returned to St.-Constantin, near his hometown, and took a job as a clerk
in a law firm, where his main job was to transcribe the information deposited in the archives.At the age of 20, Mathis became a professional, and his prospects
were not exactly brilliant, but at least they were safe and insured.
If he hadn't had appendicitis in 1890, he might have gone through life so uneventfully. But during
the long recovery from the operation, his mother gave him a box of paints, a set of brushes, and a self-study manual for painting
as a gift to cheer him up. The effect of this gesture was astonishing, and for the first time in his life Matisse felt "free, peaceful
and idle" in the midst of painting. In his own words, "I seemed to be summoned, and from then on I was no longer in charge of my life, but it was in charge of me
."
To learn to draw, Matisse took a sketching class. Classes were held from 6:30 to 7:30 a.m., which in the cold
winter was the most unbearable hour. But he showed great enthusiasm for the class, and even during work hours he couldn't help
drawing. Soon this amateur activity became too much for him, and in 1898 he announced to his father that he had decided to devote
his life to painting. His father's first reaction was "You'll starve to death!" For a time, this prophecy almost became
real. But Emile was willing to give his son a chance to try, so he gave him a grant. Matisse returned
to Paris to study painting.
The teacher who had the greatest influence on him was Augustave Moreau, who can be said to have shaped Matisse. Years later, Matisse's eyes would still water when he mentioned Moreau. Moreau was a homosexual, but as an art educator, he could not
reveal his sexual orientation openly, so he turned his feelings for his students into attentive care and conscientious cultivation.
While Matisse began painting late, he worked very hard, and it was at school that his talent began to show.
The summer of 1896 marked a turning point in his art. Traveling to the island of Belle Isle, off the coast of Brittany, he happened to meet
another painter and saw Van Gogh's works in his private collection. He suddenly gained a new sense of color, and from that moment on he
freed himself from "museum" art and began to move towards a personal style.
In January 1898, Matisse decided to get married. His wife's name was Amelie Noeli Alexandrine Barnhardt,
a beautiful girl from the neighborhood of Toulouse. They met at a friend's wedding and fell in love at first sight, and a little over a month later they were
both walking down the aisle. Mrs. Matisse was a model of an artist's wife, and Matisse loved her dearly, admiring her dark, beautiful hair and often painting her portrait. Amélie's elegant appearance and fondness for wearing homemade fancy dresses made his studio and living room look splendid. Her elegant appearance revealed a strong personality that assisted Matisse in every way, and she was a resourceful and loyal follower of her husband in the difficult years
.
Matisse's bold style was initially criticized, and the Salon was reluctant to accept and exhibit his work. To make ends meet, he had to
take on menial jobs. The harsh conditions caused him to develop bronchitis, and it was only when his father, Emile, took him to the mountains to recover that
he regained his health. Gradually, however, his father lost faith in his future and later refused to provide for him.
By this time, Mathis had three young children, and without a means of support, he had to return to his parents' home with his wife and children.
In the fall of 1905, at the opening of the Salon des Beaux-Arts in the fall of Paris, all the visitors were amazed by the works of Matisse, Dufy, Derain, and Frédérique
Lamencq, all displayed in the same room. One critic, Louis Vosel, was dumbfounded by a painting painted in pure
colors at random. In the middle of the room was a statue of Donatello, to which the critic pointed and exclaimed "
Donatello is surrounded by beasts!
The critic pointed to the statue and exclaimed, "Donatello is surrounded by beasts!" This playful remark led to the emergence of a brand-new school in the history of Western art - Fauvism
As the soul of this trend, Matisse's fame spread around the world.
The gods of fate finally favored Matisse, and he gained a large overseas audience. They became his steady and
enduring patrons, doubling his value and making him a rich man.
After 1906, Matisse's artistic output entered a period of high productivity. His solo exhibitions toured Paris, New York, Moscow,
London, Stockholm, Berlin, and other cities. He also traveled around, seeking inspiration, and became one of the world's most active
painting figures.
After the 1920s, Matisse's creative scope expanded, and he showed
high attainment in sculpture, printmaking, murals, and illustration. By the 1930s, his art was at its peak.
In 1941, at the age of 72, Matisse was stricken with an intestinal disease and underwent two painful operations, and the disease has not left
him since. The weakness of the body so that he could no longer stand in front of the canvas to paint, so he began a new kind of artistic creation - paper cutting
. He dyed the paper he needed for his brightly colored pieces and cut them while leaning on his bed.
It was as if the old man was spending his last days with the amusement of a child. Although he spent almost the last two years of his life in a hospital bed,
his creativity never stopped.
Matisse died on Nov. 3, 1954, at the age of 85 in Nice, where he was a longtime resident.
3. Dramatist Hong Shen
Hong Shen was born on December 31, 1894, in Wujin, Jiangsu Province. He had a passion for theater since he was a child and took part in many theatrical performances
during his student days.
In 1915, he wrote his first play with dialog, The Pear Seller, followed by The Tragedy of the Poor, and from then on he went
on the road of dramatic creation, becoming one of the founders of China's drama movement.
In the summer of 1916, Hong Shen went to the United States to study, first studying ceramic engineering, and then specializing in drama.
After returning to China in 1922, he was mainly engaged in drama and film writing and directing, in addition to teaching successively
at the universities of Fudan, Jinan, Shandong, Sun Yat-sen, Xiamen, and Bei Normal University.
In 1923, he joined the Drama Association, and participated in and led the Fudan Drama Society, South China Society, which contributed greatly to the formation of modern Chinese drama and the
improvement of the artistic level of theater.
In 1930, Hong Shen joined the Chinese Left-Wing Writers' Union and the Left-Wing Dramatists' Union.
By 1932, he had successively written the rural trilogy reflecting the lives and struggles of peasants in rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River, namely, Wukuiqiao, Fragrant Rice
, and Qinglongtan. These are Hong Shen's masterpieces and the first outstanding plays since the May Fourth Movement to reflect the peasants' suffering and their heroic struggle in a comprehensive manner, with a strong anti-imperialist and anti-feudal significance.
Before the July 7 Incident, Hong Shen was actively engaged in national defense theater activities, and wrote some one-act plays on the theme of the war of resistance, such as Smuggling, Tungsten, and Salmonism (in collaboration with Shen Qiyu), etc., and founded Bright semi-monthly with Xia Yan, which became an important position for propaganda of the war of resistance. become one of the important positions to publicize the war of resistance. Hong Shen learned from the foreigners and did not pander to the foreigners, he did not have the slightest slavish face and pandering bone, in 1937
he had refuted Wang Jingwei's pessimistic remarks on the demise of the country face to face in Wuhan, and in 1938, Hong Shen was the head of the drama section of the political department of the Military Commission
under the leadership of Zhou Enlai and Guo Moruo, and organized more than a dozen anti-enemy drama teams to go deep into the interior countryside to agitate for the anti-Japanese resistance. During that time, he wrote plays such as "The Flying General", "Rice" and "Boudreaux" with a vigorous
revolutionary zeal, which played an active role in promoting the anti-Japanese movement.
After the 1941 Anhui Incident, Hong Shen directed plays such as Goodbye Hong Kong, Fasi
s Bacteria, The Motherland is Calling, and Reckless Heroes in Guilin, Chongqing, and Kunming, vigorously cooperating with the struggle against the Kuomintang government's efforts to sabotage the anti-Japanese war and
undermine unity. After the victory of the war, he returned to Shanghai, and in addition to teaching at Fudan and the Shanghai Theater Academy, he also wrote and directed plays such as
The Lillies
and
The Spring Light That Cannot Be Shut Off
. Hong Shen was widely connected with the masses, warm and sincere, treating people as equals. He was very knowledgeable
, familiar with Chinese and foreign literature and drama, and also had incisive insights into classical Chinese opera and folk art, with the temperament and vigor of a true people's artist
. Xia Yan once said, "Hong Shen made a comprehensive practice and constant exploration of
theoretical aspects of playwriting, directing and performing, and did a groundbreaking work on the formation of China's modern drama and the improvement of the artistic level of the theater." In 1955
, Hong Shen died at the age of 61.
4. Actor Gong Li
December 31, 1965 was the birthday of Chinese actor Gong Li.
Gong Li, a native of Jinan, Shandong Province, was admitted to the acting department of the Central Academy of Drama in 1985, and after graduation, she stayed at the school to work as an actress at the Drama Institute. In her second year of college
she was chosen by first-time director Zhang Yimou to play the lead role of Jiu'er in the film Red Sorghum. Gong Li's performance
was slightly juvenile, but fresh and appealing, showing good potential. As the reputation of "Red Sorghum" grew, Gong Li also gained a reputation at home and abroad, playing a nurse in the 1988 film Codename "Jaguar," and winning the Best Supporting Actress award at the 12th Hundred Film Flower Awards in 1989, and then starring in two other films, Two Films directed by Zhang Yimou, Two Films directed by Zhang Yimou, Two Films directed by Zhang Yimou. two films directed by Zhang Yimou, "Chrysanthemum Beans" and
"Big Red Lanterns Hanging High," both of which portrayed women who were y repressed by their families in the old days.
What brought Gong Li's performance to its peak was Zhang Yimou's 1992 film Autumn Chrysanthemum's Lawsuit, in which the actresses gave their characters a sense of lifelike reality that y moved the audience, and not only did the chrysanthemums make Gong Li a double queen of the Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers, but also a double queen of the Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers, and a double queen of the Golden Rooster. ' double queen, but also won the Best Actress Award at the 49th
Venice International Film Festival, the first time a mainland actress won an international award.
She also collaborated with Zhang Yimou on Living and Shake, Shake, Shake to Grandma's Bridge. She has worked with other directors on
Farewell My Concubine, Painted Souls and Wind and Moon. She also made a number of Hong Kong entertainment films, such as The Ancient and Modern War of the Qin Terracotta Warriors, The Eight Parts of the Dragon, Tang Pak Fu Po Po Chiu Heung and The King of the Western Chu Fighters, among others.
At the end of '96, Kung Li was asked to be the director of the 50th anniversary of the birth of the first Chinese film. After that, she was invited to be a jury member of the 50th Cannes International Film Festival.In 1997, an American film was lined up, "Lover's Box," directed by Holliday
Woodland Chinese director Wang Ying, in which Gong Li played a female old
boarder who went to Hong Kong from the mainland to run a cabaret, with a leading man, the famous British actor Jeremy Irons. In just four or five years, Gong Li's career as an actress has grown
from a drama school student to an internationally recognized movie star.
5. Zhang Chaoyang
Born on December 31, 1964 in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, Zhang Chaoyang was admitted to the Physics Department of Tsinghua University in 1981, and in 1986 he was awarded the Li Zhengdao Scholarship
to study in the U.S. Seven years later, he received a Ph.D. degree in Physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and since 1993 he has been the head of the Asia-Pacific China Liaison Office of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
October 1995, Zhang Chaoyang was awarded the Ph. In October 1995, he returned to China and became the Chief Representative of ISI in China.
In October 1996, he founded ITC, and in February 1998, he successfully launched the Sohu website, which was named one of the world's 50 "Digital Heroes" by Time Magazine in October of the same year.
In July 1999, he was named one of the world's 50 "Digital Heroes" by Asia Weekly. In July 1999, Sohu was selected by Asia Weekly as the cover character, and in September 1999, Sohu was invited to participate in the "Global Fortune 500 Forum", and on March 12-14, 2000, Sohu was the only Chinese company representative to participate in the "2000 Global Internet Summit", which consisted of government officials and business leaders from various countries. "On March 12-14, 2000, as the only representative of Chinese enterprises, he participated in the Global Internet Summit 2000, which consisted of government officials and business leaders from various countries, and made an important speech titled "The Impact of the Internet on China. In August 2001, he was listed by Fortune Magazine as one of the "100 Smartest People in the World."
In October 2001, he attended the 2001 APEC Business Leaders' Summit as the only special guest of the Internet in China.
Currently, he is also a member of the China Business Council, the China Business Council, the China Business Association and the China Business Council.
Currently, he is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Sohu AIT Information Technology (Beijing) Co.
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