Ancient Poetry About History

1. Li Bai's "Hearing the Flute in Rock City on a Spring Night": Whose jade flute flew darkly, scattering into the spring breeze all over Rock City. The song of this night is about the broken willow, and I can't recall the love of my hometown. In order to understand the meaning of the title "folding willow", the key is to be able to understand the "willow" imagery. The texts that students have learned include some common ancient poems, such as "The wind and moon on the willow bank" (Liu Yong's "Raining Bells"), "I heard the willow folding in the flute, but I have not yet seen the colors of spring" (Li Bai's "Under the Plug"), and "The Qiang flute has no need to complain about the willow, but the spring breeze is not enough to make me feel sorry for the willow. Why do you complain about the willow? The spring breeze does not pass through the Jade Gate" (Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Lyrics"), and "In the past, I went back and forth, and the willows are still clinging to me" (Poetry - Caiwei). There is also a song "Folding the Willow Branch" in "Drumhorn Blowing Song" of the Northern Dynasty, with the lyrics: "Getting on the horse does not catch the whip, but bends the willow branch. Dismounting from the horse and playing the horizontal flute, I kill the traveling guests with sorrow." From this, we can understand that "willow" in the ancient poem has a special meaning. The soft and graceful willow, swaying with the wind, harmonizes with the word "stay". In addition, the ancients had the custom of folding the willow to send off their guests, which can easily be derived from the phrase "willow - to stay - to say goodbye - to kill the guests". Stay - farewell - reluctant to part" level up. It reminds people that once the parting person sees the willow, he will remember the scene of reluctance to part, and the scene of giving the willow to bid farewell will emerge, and his heart will surge up with a strand of sadness. In this way, it is easier to understand the meaning of the word "willow" in the poem, which implies the meaning of "regretting parting and being nostalgic for the distance". 2.Looking for Flowers Alone by the River Du Fu The flowers of Huang Si Niang's house are all over the grove, a thousand and ten thousand of them press down on the branches. The butterflies are always dancing, and the warblers are always crying. [Analysis] In the first year of Shangyuan of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty (A.D. 760), the poet Du Fu lived in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and built the Cao Tang (grassy hall) on the banks of the Raccoon River in the western suburb of the city, which provided him with a place to stay and a comfortable atmosphere for the time being. When the flowers bloomed in spring, he took a walk along the riverside to enjoy the flowers, and wrote "Walking Alone Along the Riverside in Search of Flowers," a set of seven stanzas, the sixth of which is "The Yellow Four Maidens" (黄四娘). The first line, "The flowers of Huang Sieniang's house are all over the grove," points out the place where he searched for flowers. The word "grove" means a path. The phrase "the path is covered with flowers" means that the path is covered with flowers, and the path is connected into a single piece. The next line is "A thousand flowers and ten thousand blossoms are pressing down on the branches". The phrase "a thousand flowers" describes the large number of flowers. The words "press" and "low" in the phrase "press" and "low" are used very aptly and vividly, depicting the dense layers of spring flowers, large and numerous, heavily bending the branches. This sentence is the previous sentence "full" word materialization. In the third sentence, "the butterflies dance in the air". The word "lingering" describes the butterflies' flying around and not wanting to leave. This line is written from the side to show the colorful and fragrant spring flowers. In fact, the poet is also attracted by the thousands of red spring flowers and forget to come back. The fourth line "from the delicate warbler cha cha cry". The word "delicate" describes the soft and mellow song of the warbler. "Crowing precisely" means that when the poet came to enjoy the flowers, the yellow warbler was also chirping. Because the poet is happy, he takes it for granted that the warbler is singing for him. This is the same as the previous line, which says that the colorful butterflies stay in the spring flowers, which is the same technique of empathizing with objects. Because the poet successfully used this technique, so that the object and I blend, the scene is born, this little poem reads more friendly and flavorful. 3. 望庐山瀑布 Li Bai Rizhao incense burner purple smoke, distant waterfall hanging in front of the river. Flying straight down three thousand feet, suspected that the Milky Way fell nine days. The incense burner, refers to Mount Lu incense burner peak, "in the northwest of Mount Lu, its peak tip round, smoke and clouds gathered and scattered, such as the shape of the incense burner of Boshan" (Le Shi "Taiping Huan Yu Ji"). However, to the poet Li Bai's pen, it became another scene: a heavenly furnace, rising from the clouds of white smoke, misty in the blue sky between the green mountains, in the red sun into a purple haze under the irradiation. This is not only the incense burner peak rendered more beautiful, but also rich in romanticism, for the unusual waterfall to create an unusual background. Only then does the poet move his eyes to the waterfall on the mountain wall. "distant look at the waterfall hanging in front of the river", the first four words is the title; "hanging in front of the river", this is "looking at" the first image, the waterfall is like a huge white train hanging between the mountains and rivers. The word "hanging" is very good, it is moving into static, and vividly show the pouring waterfall in the "remote view" of the image. Who can "hang" this huge thing? "The great work of creation"! So this "hanging" word also contains the poet's praise of the magical power of nature. The third line is extremely write waterfall dynamic. "Flying straight down three thousand feet", a stroke, the word is powerful. "Fly" word, the waterfall gushing out of the scene depicted extremely vivid; "straight down", both the mountain of high steep, but also can be seen in the water flow of the rapid, that the high altitude straight down, unstoppable as in front of us. However, the poet is not enough, and then wrote a sentence "suspected that the Milky Way fell nine days", really want to fall out of the sky, amazing soul. "Doubt is" worth savoring, the poet said clearly trance, and readers know that not, but also feel that only this writing, only more vivid, realistic, the mystery lies in the description of the poet before the image has been bred. You see! Towering incense burner peak hidden in the clouds and mist, looking at the waterfall as if from the clouds down, in the air and fall, which is naturally associated with like a Milky Way falling from the sky. It can be seen, "suspected that the Milky Way falls nine days" this metaphor, although peculiar, but in the poem is not out of thin air, but in the image of the portrayal of the natural outgrowth. It is exaggerated and natural, novel and true, thus revitalizing the whole piece, making the whole image become more colorful, majestic and magnificent, not only leave a deep impression, but also give people room to imagine, showing Li Bai that "a plunge of 10,000 miles, the end of the trend is still strong" style of art. 4. spring residue Weng Hong and spring residue, how to get out of the green house. Falling flowers are independent, and swallows fly in the drizzle. My soul will be broken, and my dreams will not be the same. How can I look forward to a sad evening, when the cicadas are shining in the soughing twilight? The poem is about a woman's nostalgia at the end of spring. The first line is titled, and it is written in an unconventional style. In one line, the word "again" begins and "also" ends with an adverb and a tone of voice, which is not common in poems. However, the author uses them in a natural way, which makes the starting line abrupt, strengthens the tone, intensifies the heroine's grief, and has the effect of covering the whole poem, which is considered a new way of writing. The word "again" also corresponds to the following "through the years", implying that the woman parted with her lover at this time last year, so she is particularly sensitive to changes in the weather. The second sentence "how to get out of the green house", "how", has the meaning of unbearable. In connection with the first sentence, the woman is precisely at this time last year, experiencing the pain of parting. After a year, the memory is still fresh, and now it is still at this time and this place, how can she dare to be there again and go through such pain again? So she said that she did not dare to come out of the green house. And then linked to the next line to see, do not dare to come out actually still out, people in extreme distress, often in such self-contradiction. This also draws a picture of the woman's dreamy, intoxicated demeanor, thus highlighting how her feelings of longing are heartbreaking. 5. "Leaving Thoughts" Once the sea is hard to water, remove the witch mountain is not a cloud. I'm not going to turn around, I'm half in love with you, and half in love with you. Having seen the sea and Mount Wu, I feel that the sea and clouds in other places are not good enough. Although the flowers are beautiful, I don't want to look back. Half of my love is still in my beloved, and I don't have the heart to look for a new love. 6.Guests to Dufu All the water in the south and north of the house is spring water, and the gulls are coming here every day. The paths of flowers have never been swept by guests, but the school has been opened for you. There are no other flavors in the market, and only old spirits in bottles and wine. I am willing to drink with my neighbor, and I call across the fence for the rest of my cup. This is a chronicle poem full of the rich flavor of life, showing the poet's sincere and simple character and the mood of the guest. The author's own note: "I am glad that Cui Mingfu has passed by" briefly explains the meaning of the title. The first two lines start with the outdoor scenery, pointing out the time and place of the guest's visit and the author's state of mind on the eve of the visit. "All the spring water in the south and north of the house" shows the green water and the spring environment as very beautiful and lovely. This is the Chengdu Cao Tang, which is near the river and the water. The word "all" suggests the rising and overflowing water of the spring river, giving a sense of the vastness of the river and its vastness. Groups of gulls, often used as the companion of hermits by the water in the writings of the ancients, come "day after day", pointing out the secluded and quiet environment, adding a color of seclusion to the author's life. "But see", contains the sound: the group of gulls is certainly lovely, and do not see other visitors, is not also too monotonous! In this way, the author expresses his feelings in the scenery, showing his loneliness in the idle river village. This is for the whole poem through the mood of happy guests, cleverly made the pad. The first line of the fourth line turns the brush to the courtyard, leading to "the arrival of the guest". The author adopts the tone of talking with the guest, which enhances the sense of reality of the life of the guest and the host. The first sentence says that the courtyard paths full of flowers and grasses have not been cleaned to welcome guests. The next sentence says, "The door of the house, which has always been closed, has been opened for the first time today for you, Cui Mingfu". In the middle of loneliness, a good guest at the door, always idle and calm master can not help but be overjoyed. These two sentences, before and after the contrast, the rhyme is deep. The first sentence not only said that guests do not often come, and the master does not easily extend the intention of the guest, today, "Jun" to come, more to see the depth of friendship between the two, so that the back of the hearty and joyful have landed. After the sentence of "today for" and make the meaning of the previous sentence seems more transcendent, complementing the first two sentences. The above is a false description of the arrival of a guest, and the following is a real description of the hospitality of the guest. The author has given up other plots, and has singled out the life scenes that can best show the love between the guest and the host, and has made a great deal of effort to depict them. "The city is far away from the food, no taste, bottled wine, poor family only old spirits", so that we seem to see the author to extend the guest dining, often urged to drink the scene, heard the author sorry for the lack of abundant food and wine words: far from the market to buy things is really inconvenient, dishes are very simple, can not afford to buy the noble wine, had to use home brewed wine, please feel free to enter the use of it! Homely language sounds very friendly, we can easily feel from the host's sincerity and dedication to the fullness of the feelings and the power of the apology, but also can be appreciated between the host and the guest of the deep friendship between the sincerity of the hospitality. The words are full of the harmonious atmosphere of the harmony of the song. "Guest to" the feeling to this seems to have been written enough, if again from the front to describe the happy scene, obviously dew and tasteless, but the poet is clever to "willing to drink with the neighboring relative to the hedge call to take all the rest of the cup" as a conclusion to the atmosphere of the table to a more enthusiastic ***. The poet shouted, please neighbor *** drink as a companion. This detailed description, delicate and realistic. It can be imagined that the two friends are really the more you drink, the more you drink the more excited, excited, cheerful, the atmosphere is quite warm. In terms of writing style, the closing lines can be described as a peak and a turn, a different realm. 7. Deer Chai [Wang Wei] I don't see anyone on the empty mountains, but I hear people's voices. The scenery is in the deep forest, and the moss is shining on it again. [This poem "Deer Chai" is an important masterpiece of Wang Wei's landscape poems, which expresses the poet's pursuit of and love for the ethereal realm of nature, which is also one of the pleasures of his seclusion in Rim River. The main feature of this poem is that it is full of the realm of painting. Liu Chenweng, a Song poet, said in Tang Poetry Pinhui, Volume 39: "There are no words, but there is a sense of painting". Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty played on Liu's words in Tang Poems, Volume 19, saying, "The best part is not in the language, the same as Tao Gong's 'Picking Chrysanthemums Under the East Fence, Seeing the South Mountain at Ease'." Wang Wei's poem is in a similar realm to Tao Yuanming's ethereal and secluded state. That is to say, the strength of this poem lies in what Su Shi, commenting on Wang Wei, called "there is a picture in the poem". In the first two lines, although there is no other person in the empty mountain, "empty with no one in sight," which shows the quietness of the mountain and the forest. In the last two lines, the light returns to the deep forest and shines again on the moss, which is the scene seen by the main character in the scroll. The combination of the two is an excellent picture of people and scenery. The important artistic technique of this poem is the contrast, which is used to highlight the centerpiece of the poet's description, i.e., the word "silence", which is expressed in the first two lines as "no one is seen", and in the last two lines as "on the moss". In the first two lines, the poet's purpose is to write that he "sees no one" in the mountain, so the mountain is just an "empty" mountain. Then there is a sound of "people's voices", which breaks the quietness of the mountain and the forest, and this technique is a counterpoint. This is the same as the famous line "the sound of birds singing makes the mountain even more secluded" written by Wang Ji of the Liang Dynasty in the southern part of China, in which the sound of birds is used to contrast the seclusion of the mountain. Similarly, in the last two lines, the poet's purpose is to write about the dark scenery in the deep forest, that is, to highlight the "secluded" scenery on the "moss". However, instead of directly depicting the darkness of the whole forest, he lets a ray of light sunshine into the deep forest and shines on the moss, which gives the readers the feeling that the bright one is bright, and the secluded place is secluded, and the secluded place looks even more secluded after the comparison of the bright one. This poem reflects the poet's love for nature and his boredom with the world. The Jiande River [Meng Haoran] The boat is moored in the smoke islet, and the guest's sorrow is new at the end of the day. The sky is open and the trees are low, the river is clear and the moon is near. [Brief Commentary] There are a lot of works in Tang poetry that reflect the sadness and homesickness of the cadaverous travelers. This poem is about the poet's nostalgia during his journey, and the focus of the whole poem is on the three words "new guest sorrow" in the second line. The first line of the poem is a hint for the poet's sadness, which is most likely to stir up the traveler's homesickness. In the second line, the poet uses the word "new" to write about the steep rise of sorrow. The word "new" in the poem can be interpreted as "new born", "suddenly born". The last two lines of the scene are generated by the three words "new guest sadness", and because its background is so broad and boundless, it is often contrasted with a particularly small, as if squashed by the sky and the earth, which is the mood of the three words "the sky is low and the trees are low". Poet to the twilight sky can be the lone tree low hyperbole, visualization of the depressing mood, which is not see their loved ones of the bleak feelings. "The river is clear and the moon is close to the people" is said to be due to the clean water, so the moon reflection in the water will appear large and round, people on the boat to see it, only feel it seems to be especially close to the people. The poet in this line also gives the same deep emotion, that is, the moon's close to people to write its spirituality. It seems to understand the poet's nostalgia can not be released, nostalgia can not be extinguished, for the relief, this is the "moon near people" three words of meaning. In this way, the last two lines of this poem are not purely about the scenery, but are permeated with the poet's strong sense of *** color of the scene, for the scene contains feelings of the famous line. The Qing dynasty Zhang Qianyi "'low' word, 'near' word, the Song people called the eye of the poem, but there is no trace of creation, this Tang poetry is also wonderful." A round of bright moon, hanging in the sky, but also understanding, seems to be getting closer and closer to the poet, in the loneliness of the poet to add a sense of warmth and cordiality. The sadness of this poem, read enough to see its elegance, and a "new" word, and can be seen in the journey of life, a different kind of feeling at any time, and finally have a bright moon accompanied by the life of the unchanging emotional comfort. 8. Hibiscus Tower Sending Xin Jian [Wang Changling] Cold rain even the river night into the Wu, Pingming send guests Chushan lonely. The first time I saw him, I was so happy to see him, and I was so happy to see him, and I was so happy to see him. [Brief Commentary] Wang Changling is known as the "Sage of the Seven Deadly Poems" in the Tang Dynasty. His seven deadlines are written with deep feelings and infinite meanings, which are highly praised by the world. This poem is a farewell poem with high artistry and distinctive personality. Wang Changling wrote this poem during his term of office at Jiangning, after the first year of Tianbao (742). Prior to that, Wang Changling had been relegated to Lingnan in the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Kaiyuan (739) from his post as the captain of Bishui. He was then relegated to Jiangning as a county minister. In the seventh year of Tianbao (748), Wang Changling was again relegated to the remote area of Longbiao (present-day Qianyang, Hunan Province), where he was repeatedly deported, and his path to benevolence was not favorable. Yin, who was a contemporary of Wang Changling, said in Heduyue huangling ji: "Changling was a man of benevolence, and there was more than enough of it. Naihe late not fine line, slander boiling, and then the deserted, so that the knower sigh of pity", which means that Wang Changling in his later years do not pay attention to the little things, so it caused a lot of people talking, and twice was relegated to the deserted place. In fact, it is not Wang Changling's fault, this is just from the king's "vis-à-vis the fear of slander and mouth disease" ("for Zhang Gift Yan Envoy"), "the world is more than right and wrong" ("send the East Forest Lian Shangren return to Mt. Lu") in the poem so that you can know, is really his arrogant character does not fit in with the world's sake! The first two lines of this poem are a bittersweet and sad one. The first two lines of the poem in the bleak wind and rain style landscape description, can be described as the poet's perilous situation of the visualization of the performance, in the face of the rich connotations of the description of the cold rain and the lonely mountain, only the cold rain and the lonely mountain as an artistic embodiment of the perilous situation: the cold rain that is the social gossip, the lonely mountain that is the weakness of their own, in order to be with the following more closely linked to the better performance of the poet at the moment require understanding of the state of mind of others. The poem "A heart of ice in a jade pot" has become famous, but there are also some originals. Lu Ji's "Ode to the Meritorious Ministers of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty" contains the phrase "the heart is like ice", where ice is compared to the purity of the heart. Baozhao's "White Heads Yin" says: "Straight as Zhu silk rope, as clear as a jade pot of ice", which is a metaphor for the innocence of a person's ice. Yao Chong "Ice Pot Commandments" preface said: "the hole is clear and flawless, the bottom of the clear air, when the official understanding, there is a kind of is that! Therefore, the inner embrace ice clear, outer connotation jade moist, this gentleman ice pot of virtue." This ice is compared to the cleanliness of the official. Wang Changling's "a piece of ice in the jade pot" in the image of the design, can set the great success of the ancient and modern, in the content of the expansion, can be used to express their own purity and integrity and breakthrough, so especially for the later generations. The whole poem is written to send off the intention is not in the word, but in the performance of the poet's sentiment and ambition of the high and pure, although the author of the fate of the grievances of the disillusioned, but the last two lines of the theme of the deep China, the poet's personality and poetic character into a different realm of supremacy, and thus unique, unique, and has become a song of seven absolute song. 9. Liangzhou Song [Wang Han] The wine of grapes and wine in the night light cup, want to drink pipa right away. The drunken gentleman does not laugh in the battlefield, how many people have come back from ancient battles? [This poem is one of the most famous seven-character poems of the Sheng Tang Border Race. The theme of the poem has always been very controversial, and it is worth pondering over. The poet begins the poem with a drink, placing three exquisite things, namely grapes, fine wine, and luminous cups, in the first line of the poem, thus presenting a brilliant atmosphere of light and splendor at the beginning of the poem, giving the reader a soundless feeling, and setting the tone for the following lyricism. At the same time, the grapes, wine and luminous cups in the first line are all from the western region, "so they are all local scenery, which is in line with the mood of the border" (Shen Zu, "Tang Dynasty Poetry in Seven Poems: A Brief Interpretation"), which is one of them. In addition, it should also be noted that these three objects are foreign since the pre-Qin Dynasty, now on the eve of the expedition, so that the expeditionary generals hold the luminous cup and drink wine, which implied meaning is very obvious, that is, to wish them an early repulsion of foreign enemies, and win greater victories. Thus, in the discussion of the main lyrical tendency of this poem, it should be regarded as a manifestation of the bold and unrestrained spirit of the Tang border generals. In addition to the above two passages, there are the following bases for the argument. The first is that in his evaluation of Wang Han's poems in the Biography of Tang Talents, Wang Han said that his works were "full of magnificent words", and the first line is exactly the word "magnificent", while the last two lines are cut with the word "strong". Secondly, Shi Tuhua commented on this poem in "Da Nian Maid Speaks of Poetry", saying: "When read as sadness, it is shallow, but when read as humor, it is marvelous. It is up to the learner to comprehend." This means that this poem should be read as a sad poem, but if it is read as such, it will not be understood, so it is "shallow". And if read as "banter", that is, do not put "a few people back" in mind, just focus on the horse to kill, the victory belongs to the party. So the poet's ambition is expressed through the "banter", so "wonderful". Since ancient times, how many people can survive the battlefield? However, the soldier's fate, honor is closely linked with the battlefield, this is the soldier's unavoidable destiny, is heroic, is sad, or leave it to the reader to think, to experience it, the poem is also due to the theme of the intriguing and more added artistic charm and infectious. 10. Wuyi Lane [Liu Yuxi] Wild grasses bloom by the Vermilion Bird Bridge, and the setting sun slants at the mouth of Wuyi Lane. In the old days, the swallows in front of the hall of Wang Xie flew into the homes of the common people. [Brief Commentary] This is a popular nostalgic poem, the poet with a high artistic method, expresses the feeling of the vicissitudes of the past, revealing the feeling of the impermanence of the world change. This poem is the second one in the group of "Five Questions of Jinling", which depicts the great changes in the present and past of Wuyi Lane by the Vermilion Bird Bridge, writes about the desertion of Jinling City, and reveals that although the feudal gentry group can be powerful for a while, they can't escape from the end of the demise after all. The poem is a great expression of the world's changes, rise and fall alternative, send a deep concept. This is a cup of ancient poetry, but it is very different from the general wistful poetry in its writing style. The poem takes the swallow as the focus, from its host from the rich to the common people, expresses the poet's feelings of the past and present after memorializing the historical relics of Jinling, so it is very distinctive. Now the poet says that the swallows are still here, but the family they live in is very different from the previous one, and they have become commoners, thus expressing the poet's sense of the vicissitudes of history. Some people do not understand Shi Xuhua's comment, and he thinks that "the meaning of the three or four lines is very clear, and it shows the difference between the present and the past from the swallows. ...... The poets (this alludes to Shi Xuhua) always misinterpret the poet's meaning, so I will cite this as an example to summarize the rest of them." In this poem, Liu Yuxi was able to use the behavior of swallows to express the changes of personnel, so he was y appreciated by later generations. For example, Xin Qiji of the Song Dynasty said in his poem "Qinyuanchun", "By the Vermilion Bird Bridge, who would say that the weeds and the slanting sun make the swallows fly in the spring", expressing his heartfelt admiration for Liu Yuxi's poem. In the poem, the two names of Wuyi Lane and Vermilion Bird Bridge, the Wang family and the Xie family, two past aristocrats, are used to illustrate the impermanence of life's destiny. The poem is written in a sideways way, expressing the feeling of the present and the past through the scenery in front of him, which is implicit and deep, and is praised by the later generations. 11. Spring Hope [Du Fu] The country is broken, the grass is deep in the spring. Tears are splashed on the flowers when I am feeling the time, and the birds are frightened when I hate to part with them. The beacon fire lasts for three months, and the letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. The white head is shorter than ever, and I wish I could not win the hairpin. [In July of the first year of Emperor Suzong Zhide of the Tang Dynasty (756), Du Fu, eager to serve his country, decided to leave his family and run away to Lingwu. Unexpectedly, he was captured by the An Shi rebels on the way and brought to Chang'an. During the days in Chang'an, the poet witnessed the deep disaster brought about by this rebellious country, and his heart was filled with infinite worries and sorrows. To the next spring, although this is a beautiful season of flowers and birds, but the poet saw, the former prosperous capital, now even overgrown, full of desolation. Touching the scene sadness, a thousand thoughts, so wrote this famous patriotic poem. It should be said that the sadness and homesickness here are tightly linked with the sorrow of the country; and the description of the feelings and scenes are also permeated with each other. The first four lines of the poem write about the defeat of the spring city, full of sentimental; the last four lines write about the situation of missing relatives, full of hate. It is quite touching that the scene is blended together. In the first line of the poem, with heavy ink and couplet style, the desolate scene caused by the war in the capital of the country is frightening. However, in the midst of this desolation, it appears to be upright with emotion. The word "in" in "country broken mountains and rivers in" contains the words "although the country is broken but the mountains and rivers are still there, indicating that there is hope for the revival of China, which reveals the poet's firm belief in the unity of the country. However, this is after all the mountains and rivers are broken, the city wall is deserted, so the second link closely linked to the "spring" poetic meaning, to the flowers and birds with sad sobbing sadness of empathy, expressed the poet's sadness about the national affairs. Scenery in the emotion, implicitly not exhaustive, think and get, the rhyme is deep and gentle. Then the "beacon" sentence to the "sense of time" sentence, the "letter" sentence to the "hate goodbye" sentence, further deepening the poet's feelings of sadness and sadness of goodbye. These two lines show the urgent feelings of the news of the long-lost longing for the news of the relatives, the language is simple, the feelings are sincere, and it is quite popular among the descendants. The two lines express the urgency of waiting for news from loved ones for a long time, and the language is simple and sincere, which is quite popular among the future generations. The last words of the poem, "My white head is scratching even shorter, and I wish I could not win the hairpin", are not just a sad expression of my own aging, but a worry that I will not be able to contribute to the country when I grow old. This is not only a structural response to the grief of the first line, but also an extremely vivid and deep expression of the poet's patriotic feelings. The whole poem has a concise language, exquisite dialogues, and a blending of scenes, making it a model work of pentameter poetry." 12. Sending a Friend Away [Li Bai] The green mountains are across the northern part of the country, and the white water is around the eastern city. The mountains are across the north and the white water is around the east. The clouds are floating, the sun is setting, and the old man is in love. I'm going to leave with a wave of my hand and the sound of my horse's voice. [Brief Commentary] Li Bai's poem of farewell to a friend, with fluent and clear language, and sincere feelings, expresses his deep affection for his friend. It expresses his deep affection for his friend. The sentiment is gentle and the mood is far-reaching. In the first line of the poem, a colorful couplet is used to point out the place of farewell, which also implies the feeling of farewell. This green mountains and white water, not can be happy to get together hovering it, but now want to break up, since it is sad. The next line, with a line of clouds and water like scattered lines of sentences, recounting the farewell of the affair, showing the attachment and concern for the friend. In the third line, with infinite deep feelings, one writes about the wandering whereabouts of the traveler in the future, and the other writes about one's own feelings of farewell at this time. Floating clouds, the metaphor of the setting sun, the beautiful feelings for friends not only visualization, but also more profound. Although the last line is straightforward, still contains unlimited feelings. Here the use of canonical things, all natural. "Waving my hand since I left, Xiao Xiao Ban Ma singing". Green mountains and white water against each other, the red sun and white clouds reflect each other, the realm of the whole out, the long sound of the class horse to add to the picture of life. Natural beauty and human beauty intertwined together, natural flow, do not care for the rules for the constraints, through a floating air, and this farewell sentiment, with the departure of friends and endless. 13. Ancient march from the army [Li Chip] In the daytime, I climbed the mountain and looked at the beacon fire, and in the dusk, I drank my horse near the river. The wind and sand are dark, and the princess pipa has a lot of grievances. There is no city or castle in the wild camp, and the rain and snow are pouring into the desert. The geese were wailing nightly, and the tears of the Hu children were falling. I heard that the Jade Gate was still covered, so I should have driven my life away from the light car. Year after year, the bones of the war are buried outside the desert, and I can only see the grapes entering the Han family home. [Commentary] "Marching from the Army" belongs to the old title of "Xianghe Song-Pingtong Qu" of Lefu, and it is mostly about the bitter resentment of marching from the army to the war. During the reign of Tang Xuanzong Li Longji, the wars fought in the northwestern border area of the motherland were complicated in nature, some of which belonged to self-defense, while others were provocations to open up the border. Judging from the content of this poem, it is against unjust wars. To start a war lightly just for the emperor's selfish interests would do no good at all, except for sacrificing the vast number of warriors. "Years of war bones buried outside the barren, empty see grapes into the Han family," borrowed Han refers to Tang, this condemnation is sharp and harsh. So Shen Deqian said; to human life in exchange for the stuff outside the city, lost policy **** carry on. For those who open the border, so I wrote this poem. At the same time, the author in the poem, for the Northwest border minority people, because of this unjust war and suffered the unfortunate suffering, but also expressed deep sympathy. The sincere and touching poem, in which the wild geese are wailing and flying at night, and the tears of the Hu'er are falling, is rare in the feudal era. The whole poem can integrate reality and history into one, not only vividly showing the typical scene of the lonesome desert on the border of ten thousand miles, but also expressing the poet's strong critical spirit through the mutual reflection of the Han and Hu armies' grief and sorrow and the sharp contrast between the white bones and the grapes, artistically, the poem has four sighs and one rhyme, and the tone is natural and agitated; it also makes use of superimposed words and couplets, and the sound and feelings are swaying and flowing, which makes it a poem of the Tang Dynasty with profound thoughts and contents. It is a poem of the Tang Dynasty with profound ideological content. 14. Drinking Alone Under the Moon [Li Bai] A pot of wine between flowers, drinking alone without relatives. The moon is not the answer, but the shadows are just like the moon. The moon doesn't know how to drink, and the shadow follows me. The moon and the shadows will be my companions for a while, and I will enjoy myself until spring. I sing to the moon, I dance to the shadows. When I wake up, we have fun together, but when we are drunk, we are scattered. I will always be in love with you, and I hope to meet you in the clouds and the sky. [Brief Commentary] Li Bai was lonely and bitter because he could not realize his political ideals when he abandoned his talents. In this poem, the poet also further the bright moon as a friend, the moon to express their feelings. Drinking Alone Under the Moon **** four, this is the first, the poem expresses the bitterness of the difficult to meet the soulmate. The poem suddenly rises and expresses a lonely and lonesome thought and feeling. This kind of loneliness cannot be dispelled. Therefore, the poet uses the imagination of strange objects and vivid description to take the bright moon as the soulmate and invite each other to drink. At the same time also whimsical to their own figure, also regarded as the same kind of love and knowledge, invited to **** discretion. However, the moon does not solve the problem of drinking, and the shadow follows the poet, which emphasizes the poet's sense of loneliness, just as Sun Su said: "The title of the poem is about drinking alone, but the poem is about the illusion of three people. The moon's shadow accompanies the poem, and the repeated investigation makes it more and more solitary." (Three Hundred Poems of the Tang Dynasty, Volume 1) Because of the lack of acquaintance in the world, the poet is forced to take the moon and the shadow as his companions, to sing to the moon and dance to the shadow, in order to dispel his deep depression. The conjunction and the bright moon, the figure and forever into a forgetful friend, the future in the distant blue sky to see each other to roam. This shows the poet's strong dissatisfaction with the filthy reality, and his longing for freedom and light in solitude. This five-character poem, novel in its conception, marvelous in its imagination, and profound in its sentiment, is a masterpiece of Li Bai's lyrical poetry with a distinctive charm. The poet puts himself in the midst of the beautiful scenery, but also tries his best to render the quiet atmosphere, thus expressing the deep lamentation that it is difficult to find a soulmate though the beautiful scenery is there in the sharp contrast of color tones. Artistically, the poem is very skillfully conceived. The poet's feelings are expressed to the fullest extent in the continuous song and the repetitions. The seemingly cheerful words express the deep feelings of loneliness and bitterness, thus constituting a song in the whole poem. In the whole poem, the poet creates a novel and profound mood in one tune, one longitudinal and one retracted, and his talent and superhuman writing power can be seen. 15. Farewell [Wang Wei] Dismounting from my horse to drink with you, I asked you where you were going. He said he was not satisfied, and returned to the southern mountains. But don't ask me again, for the white clouds are endless. [This poem is said to have been written to send Meng Haoran back to Nanshan. The poem expresses the author's feeling of wanting to go back to his hometown and his regret for his friend's departure by sending him back to his hometown. The whole poem is about sending off a friend through questions and answers, which can be said to be unique and unconventional. The first line, "Dismounting from the horse and drinking from the king's wine," is simple in its narration and skillful in its title. From this, it is easy to see that their friendship is not only the most learned but also not comparable to that of ordinary people. At the same time, in the chapter, these two lines also constitute a straight and curved trend, so that the last two lines of the succession and transition, seems very natural. The valuable thing is that the poet cleverly before the four lines of a question and answer, leading to the last to persuade the friend to return to the mountains and forests, leisurely comfortable, such a subtle flavor of the poem, make the whole piece for the color. These two lines are the main theme of the poem, Shen Deqian said well: "White clouds are endless, enough to entertain themselves, do not say that they are not pleased." (Tang Poetry Collection) This also shows the poet's yearning and pursuit of a secluded life away from the world and in the forest. Throughout the poem, the choice of materials is plain but skillfully conceived, and the language is simple but full of deep feelings. In the expression of meaning, the first four lines of the poem seems to be very light, but from the narrative, a question, an answer to the changes in the straight and narrow, it is not difficult to realize that the author's superb conceptual skills. 16. Summer Day South Pavilion Wyoming Xin Da [Meng Haoran] The mountain light is suddenly falling in the west and the pool moon is gradually rising in the east. The light of the mountains is suddenly falling in the west, and the moon in the pond is gradually rising in the east. The coolness of the evening is spread out, and the open pavilion is lying in a spacious room. I want to play the zither, but I don't have a soulmate to enjoy it. I feel nostalgic for the old man, and I dream all night long. [Brief Commentary] This is a five-character poem in the old style of summer night cooling in remembrance of friends, and it is also a famous piece that is light but flavorful, fresh and all-in-one. The poem expresses the poet's deep longing for his friend in the portrayal of summer coolness. Through the poet's true feelings about the objective scenery and the leisure and comfort of the secluded life, the poem creates a tranquil and serene artistic mood. The poem starts with the summer sunset, but in a unique way. The poet does not write directly about the setting sun and the rising moon, but about seeing the sun set in the west on the mountain, and then feeling that it is already evening. Here, the word "suddenly" is used to indicate that the setting sun sinks quickly, but also the poet's subjective feelings. As night falls, the moon rises from the east side of the pool, and the scene is written close up. The use of the word "gradually" is the poet's actual feeling, and the first sentence "suddenly" contrast, showing the different states of the two moving scenes. This is a more vivid portrayal of the poet's leisurely and unrestrained hermit style. The two lines of "the lotus wind sends fragrance, the bamboo dew drips clear sound" have always been regarded as the best lines of writing scenery in detail. The wind blowing, sent the rich fragrance of the lotus, the end of the night, the sound of dripping dew on the bamboo can be heard, how lonely summer night! Poet after careful observation, chose the most can reflect the stillness of the dynamic scenery and sound to describe, received to move to highlight the artistic effect of silence in a particular environment, but also reflects the poet's seclusion in the center of the peace of life. The last four lines of nostalgia for friends. Such a pleasant summer night, there is no friend to talk freely, want to play the qin and self-expression, but also no sound to appreciate, the feeling of loneliness doubled, more nostalgic for the deceased, so that the final night dream, the trend of feelings. The whole poem because of the scene to start feelings, the scene of nostalgia for friends, the scene fusion, the mood of the quiet.