A traditional folk entertainment and art activity of national and regional nature, it originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it belongs to a kind of sacrificial activity in the north, also known as "Yangge". Yangge is a product of the cultural fusion of north and south, developed on the basis of folk song and dance. Shaanbei rice-planting song through the people of northern Shaanxi for thousands of years to create and processing, from the content to the form of a great change, with a certain local color, the formation of a special art varieties on the yellow earth, is a valuable asset of the people of northern Shaanxi, is a treasure trove of Chinese culture and art is a beautiful and eye-catching oddball.
According to the old custom of northern Shaanxi, rice-planting song generally to the first month of the fifteenth day after the end should be, but now part of the countryside more and more on the force, always to the first month of the twentieth and thirtieth day after the end of this time by the old family of the "picket head" (rotating errand, once a year, each time one to two, responsible for a year of the village's business of public ****), now by the special person to keep ), and now by a person to keep, commonly known as "pressure on the household goods". From now on, in addition to special circumstances, who can not be found out randomly knocking, so that the annual red-hot and lively spring rice-planting song came to an end. Folk songs in northern Shaanxi have a long history, deep influence, wide-ranging content, diverse forms, most of them are produced in the daily life of the masses and customary activities, its language is simple, free rhythm, rough mine impassioned, bold, melodious, simple, vivid image, is the masses of the people in the long term practice of life and the heart of the activities of the poetic creations, is generally created orally, oral circulation, and in the process of circulation of the continuous through the It is a kind of folk art which is constantly processed and organized in the process of circulation.
Shaanxi folk songs are the most representative of the culture of northern Shaanxi, due to the humanities, history, geography, the environment and other conditions, it reflects the artistic expression of the heart of the people of northern Shaanxi in various periods of activity and thought, is a record of the long-term precipitation of the national culture of this particular region of the Loess Plateau, is an indispensable and important part of the cultural life of the people of northern Shaanxi and has a strong infectious power and high artistic value, it has its own unique characteristics. It is an indispensable part of the cultural life of the Shanbei people, and has a strong infectious power and high artistic value. With its unique interest, style and charm, it goes straight to the depths of the ancient culture of the whole Chinese nation. Let us chew on the pungency, sweetness and mellowness given by life, and evoke the ancient precipitation in people's souls, but also the eternal feelings.
There are many kinds of folk songs in northern Shaanxi, with a wide range of tunes. In terms of form, there are beautiful and lyrical mountain songs, deep and broad albatrosses, strong rhythmic labor songs, fluent and fluent ditties, folk songs, rice-planting songs, wine songs, Yulin ditties, two-people and revolutionary songs, etc.; and in terms of content there are complaints of suffering, love, and praises, which are the native folk songs among the people, and the witnesses and echoes of the history. It is a witness of life and an echo of history. Various periods of folk songs are an important part of the culture of each era, so the folk songs of northern Shaanxi people also known as the "Song of the Loess"
Shaanxi - the sea of folk songs 'folk songs of the world. This song, a melodious sound of the northern Shaanxi folk songs like the rushing waters of the Yellow River has a long history, it is not only enduring in the northern Shaanxi Province in this magical idyll wandering, but also resonate through the land of China, the whole world. Shaanbeidaoxiang is an ancient local folk opera, it Qingjian Daoxiang as the main body, dissolved part of the Sanbian Daoxiang and the essence of the Shenfu Daoxiang, infiltrated part of the prairie culture of the night, with strong local characteristics, is the treasures in the treasure trove of Huangtu culture in northern Shaanxi, widely circulated, farmers are especially favorite, and it has formed an unbreakable relationship with it, usually chanting at any time to see every Spring Festival when the Masses are all over the place.
Through the evolution and development of history, coupled with the influence of local folk songs, Shaanxi Province, through the artists continue to process and refine the folk singing form of Taoism, was moved to the stage.
North Shaanxi Daoxiang music is beautiful, fast-paced, high-pitched and majestic, euphemistic and elegant, with obvious local characteristics, truly reflecting the essence of the Huangtu culture. In particular, qingjian daoxiang has a high reputation in the country, so qingjian is known as daoxiang "nest", in this "nest" in the men, women and children have a few brushes (capable) miles. Many critics have commented that "Qingjian Daoxiang is a happy place, where men, women and children all know how to roar, sing at the top of their lungs, and enjoy themselves without worrying". The big field is also called "big rice-planting song", also known as turn big set in ancient times, it is a grand scale, more people, is in the street and the big square and other occasions in the collective song and dance performance activities, but also rice-planting song performance in the most spectacular, the most lively, the richest, one of the most attractive scene.
Da Yangge, whether old or new, should highlight a "beautiful" word, the skill is exquisite, beautiful dance; play a "live" word, the movement should be fluent, flexible body; emphasize a "fast" word, full of spirit, and the "fast" word, the spirit of the "fast" word, the spirit of the "fast" word, the spirit of the "fast" word, the spirit of the "fast" word, the spirit of the "fast" word. The word "fast" is emphasized, the spirit is full, the mood is cheerful; to do a "Qi" word, the pace is the same, the action is neat. This will make the whole scene vivid and lively, orgy and robust, happy and lively, and give the people a good impression in their minds. The small field is in the big rice-planting song on the basis of the development of the essence of the big rice-planting song, with a certain degree of locality, independence, in the skill appears more exquisite; in the mood appears more full, in the folk dance art occupies an extremely important low, is the majority of the masses of the people's most favored, one of the favorite folk songs and dances.
There are two kinds of small field: one is "kicking field", also known as "pulling out the field", and the other is "playing the light house", the time of performance is usually in the evening after the big field (big rice-planting song). （After the performance, the actors and actresses form a "sun circle". Then they perform to the accompaniment of gongs, drums and suona. The whole scene is a combination of culture and martial arts, song and dance, which is very popular among the people as a show of skill.
Small fields also sing rice-planting songs, kicking the field called field rice-planting songs, playing a light family called back to the rice-planting songs, how many people let people sing together, and sometimes outside the field of the actors also help to sing, the old and the new era of small field rice-planting songs are different.
Waist drum, drum frame with wooden oblong, both ends of the small waist to teach thick, double-sided skin, is a percussion instrument, used for folk waist drumming.
Waist drums have cultural and martial arts points, cultural waist drums when the performance of the action is relaxed and lively, pleasant and elegant, smaller amplitude; martial arts waist drums when the performance of the action of the fierce and intense, the shape of the carnival, the amplitude of the larger.
People naturally think of Ansai when mentioning the waist drum. Ansai County, known as the "hometown of the waist drum," the title, it is in Luochuan cradle drum, Yichuan chest drums, forming the famous "Yan'an three drums.
Ansei waist drum it not only hit the corners of the northern Shaanxi Province, has many times on the provincial capital, Kyoto, and even across the ocean to foreign countries to visit the show. Deeply domestic and foreign people's general welcome and praise, glory in the country, shocked the world.
The thumping of the war drums, whimpering suona sound. As if each of us and seem to hear that strong and bold, the ground shaking the mountains, ear in the unending, exhilarating sound of the waist drum, it speaks for generations to echo in the northern Shaanxi this piece of loess plateau and the world's ends of the earth. Crazy drum is also one of the drums in northern Shaanxi circulated in the folk inspired, it has a long history, originated in the ancient ancestors team ancestors and the worship of the gods and sacrifices, with the changes of the times and the development of society, and the local folklore have inextricably linked to the primitive function of its fading, and its popular, entertainment, participation in a more pronounced, and ultimately became one of the people's pleasure of recreational activities.
Lame (dialect is the meaning of jumping and jumping) drums are mainly circulated in the Yan'an area in the territory of Luochuan, the drum frame is also made of wood, and red lacquer dyeing surface, drums with cow, donkey, pig skin and mask.
Luochuan drums are made of wood and dyed with red lacquer, and the drums are made of cow, donkey and pig skins.
Luochuan is China's folk art "dance drum township". Luochuan crayon drum hit the domestic, hit the world, it has received France, West Germany, Australia and other foreign guests and compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, but also participated in the World Tourism Festival, the National and Provincial Arts Festival, the opening ceremony of the Asian Games and the 55th anniversary of the founding of the country and other major celebrations of the performances, by the people at home and abroad are generally welcomed. Chest drums, also known as "flower drums", originated in the Jinnan area of Shanxi Province, after the Song Dynasty in Yichuan, in the course of the performance and get further innovation and development, is now widely circulated in the Yichuan area, drummers throughout the county, the team is very large, in the national fame is not small.
Yichuan chest drum has won many awards, highly praised by the party and state leaders and the majority of the audience. Running donkeys, folklore, also known as "catching donkeys". Because of the close relationship between the donkey and the farmers' life, people naturally introduced it into the field of mass cultural life over time, and it has been passed down from one generation to the next.
The donkey not only "ran" on the Loess Plateau, it "ran" to the provincial capital of Xi'an, "ran" to the capital city of Beijing, "ran" out of the country, "ran" to the capital city of Beijing, "ran" out of the country, "ran" out of the country, "ran" out of the country, "ran" out of the country, "ran" out of the country. "out of the country, by the people's general welcome. The Dragon Dance, also known as the "Dragon Lantern Dance", has a long history. According to the "Shaanbei cultural overview" in the introduction: it originated in the emperor period, legend has it that there was a kind of "love corner" of the large-scale songs and dances, appeared by people playing the image of the dragon, playing the custom of dancing dragon, through the long-term development and evolution finally formed today's people like folk dance.
Generally, it is performed on the streets or squares during the first month of the New Year and large-scale celebrations. The Dragon Dance begins with a person with certain martial arts skills holding up a red orb and directing the "dragon", which is accompanied by gongs and drums and other instruments, leaping up in the air for a while, circling around for a while, and rushing in for a while, which is flexible and skillful, and is good at changing.
The lion dance is also known as "shaking the lion" and "lion dance" in folklore.
The custom of playing the lion originated in the Three Kingdoms period of the North and South Dynasties, so far there is a history of more than a thousand years, because the lion image of the majestic and handsome, giving people a sense of majesty and valor, was said to be "the dignity of the beasts", the ancients believe that it can drive away the evil spirits and suppress the evil spirits, so the people in the activities of the program held in some of the lion will be lifted up on the painting of a good celebration, in the process of evolution, the lion is also known as "shake the lion", "Lion Dance". In the process of evolution, it gradually formed today's lion playing. Suona, also known as "trumpet", is a national musical instrument, which consists of poles, bowls, instruc-tions and whistles, etc. The poles are made of cypress or pine wood soaked in oil for a long time and are about 1.2 city feet long, and there are eight eyes on the poles; the bowls are made of brass castings and are 0.6 city feet long, the instruc-tions are 0.2 city feet long, and the whistles are made of young pole poles. The whistle is made of young poles.
Shaanxi suona after how many years of evolution and development into a kind of traditional customs in northern Shaanxi can not be broken, in the people's life occupies a very important position, which reflects in all aspects of the people's lives, the formation of a unique local culture, joyful suona sound in the Loess Plateau, leaving a long thought, a long time spinning... ...
Blowing suona, also known as the folk "drummer" or "blowing hand", is a common folk art form in the life of the people of northern Shaanxi Province, regardless of the town or the countryside, in the event of weddings and funerals, opening celebrations, Moving to a new home, the rice-planting, the Dragon's mouth, the full moon, the anniversary of the temple fair and a variety of celebrations need to hire a class or two blowing hand to blowing to help.
Shaanxi suona has not only blown the northern Shaanxi mountains and villages, villages and towns, but also blown out of the provincial boundaries, blown out of the country. Shaanbei suona famous in Western Europe, shocked the Chinese and foreign countries, has also been for a dozen films and TV series made suona dubbing. It can be seen that the suona blowing this ancient folk handed down after the flower is not exhausted on the Loess Plateau extraordinarily delicate, far-flung, will be blown all over the motherland north and south of the river, blowing the world's ends of the earth.
Truly: the Yellow River waves push forward the waves, the Shaanbei suona show mighty, a generation is stronger than a generation, blowing the motherland red to break into the world. Shaanbei storytelling is an ancient folk art form handed down, it has an organic history. Legend has it that in the era of the three emperors left the blind booktelling, and now people call the three emperors as the ancestor of the booktellers.
Shouting, a form of art, storytellers, folk, also known as the "bookmaker".
Folk booktelling generally have two categories of Anle book and restore the book. The meaning of the book of peace and happiness is about to beg people in the long years of population prosperity, four seasons of wealth, eliminate disasters, good luck; restore the book is their own life in the unfortunate things that happened, but did not happen to special disaster, the meaning of the gods to bless the results, so to a god promised one or two (a about four to five million stars, three incense for 10,000 stars) to give the return of the book text.
Shaanxi storytelling has strong local characteristics and high artistic value, but also the general public is extremely favorite cultural activities, Chairman Mao also likes Shaanbei storytelling, in Yan'an during the famous storyteller Han Qixiang's storytelling. At the same time it has a profound educational significance and sense of excitement, folk "book-telling and singing persuade people miles!" The folk saying, it is sufficient proof of this.
With the continuous development of socialist spiritual civilization, the relevant state departments through the rectification of the book makers, training, organized publicity in the countryside on a rotating basis, and many areas also organized a special opera troupe, they go to the countryside into the city, and even perform abroad. Indeed, the book makers have made their due contribution to the propaganda of the Party's policy and the activation of cultural life in cities and towns. And those superstitious activities were gradually broken. Paper-cutting is one of China's folk decorative crafts, but also a widely circulated folk art in China, is in the Han and Tang dynasties, folk women that is the use of gold and silver foil cut into a square win, flowers and birds pasted on the temples for jewelry, and then gradually developed in the holiday season with the use of paper cut into a variety of flowers, plants, animals or story characters, pasted on the windows or lintels as decoration, but also as gift decorations or embroidery patterns used.
North Shaanxi paper-cutting has a unique traditional flavor, but also a reflection of real life. After the founding of new China, a lot of artists in northern Shaanxi folk paper-cutting collection, collation, research and introduction, so that there is a further new development. Northern Shaanxi paper-cutting in the country are very famous, there are many works at home and abroad won the Grand Prize. Ansai paper-cutting and integrated large-scale albums, welcomed by foreign guests, in 1993 the county was named by the State Ministry of Culture, Chinese folk art "paper-cutting township".