How harmful is smoking to the body? Thank you.

Scientists predict that at present, 3 million people worldwide die of smoking every year, and it will reach100000 by 2025, which means that smoking will be a major hidden danger in the next century. Smoking is an independent factor of proteinuria. In young diabetic patients, the generation and development of proteinuria and the deterioration of kidney diseases are all related to smoking. When smoking, proteinuria and retinopathy progress faster than non-smokers, and proteinuria improves faster in smokers. The most terrible thing is that the smoke produced by smoking contains benzene and tar, and many radioactive substances can cause cancer. 90% of lung cancer patients are mostly caused by smoking. Previous studies have proved that at least 60% of male bladder cancer cases in western countries are caused by smoking, as well as oral cancer and laryngeal cancer. Expired tobacco products contain mold, which makes people more susceptible to cancer. According to the results of expert research and observation, various diseases caused by smoking are not irreversible. As long as you quit smoking, you can improve or restore and restore your health. Second, the harm of passive smoking. The so-called "passive smoking" refers to the victims of non-smokers around smokers, including their parents, husbands, wives and children living together. "Parents smoke and children suffer." According to the World Health Organization, long-term smokers and non-smokers around them spend 1 hour in a smoky room, which is equivalent to smoking a cigarette. It seems that only smokers who want to enjoy the freedom of smoking should consciously respect the freedom of non-smokers to refuse passive smoking and appeal for the victims of passive smoking, which is also part of proposing socialist spiritual civilization. Tobacco contains more than 20 kinds of toxins after burning, and nicotine is the most harmful to life. Only in this respect, smoking has three major hazards: 1, will it directly poison life? Some people have obtained the following amazing results through animal experiments: even if a big horse can't stand injecting nicotine into eight places, it will die soon; A lively dog can be killed without injecting a drop of nicotine into the vein; In addition, after some animals smoke for a long time, can they find obvious tendency of vasoconstriction or even sclerosis? 2. Can it destroy the nutrients of the human body? Smoking will hinder the absorption of vitamin C. Nicotine has a direct destructive effect on vitamin C. If the human body lacks vitamin C for a long time, there is the possibility of scurvy. 3. Will it induce various diseases? Because the smoke inhaled in the body has a malignant stimulating effect on respiratory tract, digestive tract and other organs, some people think that it is an inducing factor for gastric and duodenal ulcers, respiratory tract infections and even cancers such as mouth, lips, tongue, esophagus and respiratory tract. From this point of view, smoking is harmful to human health. So try to quit smoking or smoke less. Non-smokers had better not get into this hobby. Since 1980s, lung cancer has become the highest incidence cancer in the world, and its incidence rate is increasing year by year. In China, lung cancer ranks first among all cancers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hefei. In industrialized countries, such as the United States, the incidence of lung cancer ranks first among common cancers and is the first cause of cancer death. Undoubtedly, this fact is related to the increasing number of smokers, and the occurrence of lung cancer is closely related to smoking and other environmental factors. This paper mainly discusses several problems related to smoking and lung cancer. First, the harm of smoking is shocking. At present, the average number of male smokers in China has reached 1.945 per day. According to British figures, the number of smoking-related deaths in China is 1987, and more than 2 million people will die from smoking in 2025. That is to say, among the 500 million young people under the age of 20, 200 million people may have been smoking, and millions of them will be disabled by smoking, about 50 million. What is worrying is that there are currently 300 million "smokers" in China, and there is an increasing trend of adolescent smoking. As long as tobacco production and sales are legal, people will smoke, and non-toxic cigarettes exist. Second, harmful substances in tobacco. The smoke produced by cigarette lighting contains dozens of harmful substances, including alkaloids such as carbon monoxide and nicotine. Some people have done experiments: drop 1 drop of pure nicotine on the dog's tongue, and the dog will die in a few minutes; 1 Can a drop of nicotine kill 1 a horse weighing 200 kg? Substances on the body also have many biological functions. Inhaled into human body, it has different degrees of damage to respiratory tract, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, liver, kidney and other organs. Third, there is a causal relationship between smoking and lung cancer. 1. Carcinogens in tobacco and the role of radiation. Carcinogenic effects of carcinogens in tobacco, such as 3,4-benzopyrene and tobacco tar, are generally recognized. A doctor said, "In any case, about half of the lung cancer patients among smokers are only caused by radiation." 2. Epidemiological investigation. The researchers conducted a 1 large-scale comparative observation of the population of the United States, Britain and Canada. The results showed that the incidence of lung cancer was 10.8 times that of non-smokers. The annual mortality rate of lung cancer in non-smokers is 12.8/65438+ 10,000; 95.2/65,438+ten thousand people smoke less than 65,438+00 cigarettes a day; The number of people who smoke more than 20 cigarettes a day is 235.4/65438+ million, which is 18.4 times that of non-smokers. According to the data released by Shanghai Cancer Institute in China on 1986, the incidence of lung cancer in Shanghai has reached the level of the United States, but among the moderately ill population, only 1/3 is a non-smoker. It can be seen that the main risk factor for male lung cancer in Shanghai is not air pollution but smoking. Western research shows that all kinds of air pollution have certain influence on lung cancer, but its effect is lower than that of smoking. The common causes of lung cancer are (1) smoking and (2) air pollution. Smoking is a small-scale but high-concentration air pollution. Living and working in an air-polluted environment and smoking at the same time will lead to a higher incidence of lung cancer. If two carcinogens exist at the same time, they can strongly promote canceration. 4. Smokers who are prone to lung diseases are related to the following factors: 1. Smoking for more than 20 years; Start smoking under the age of 2.20; 3. Smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day; 4. Smoke one after another, and the remaining cigarette butts are very short; 5. The amount of smoke inhaled in each mouth is large, and most of it is inhaled into the lungs; There are chronic bronchitis and smoking. At present, the carcinogenicity of adolescent smoking will not appear until several years later. Studies have confirmed that the lung tissues of developing teenagers are more sensitive to carcinogens and have a greater risk of lung cancer in the future. Experts call on the whole society to publicize the harm of smoking and introduce some scientific methods to quit smoking, which will help to improve the success rate of quitting smoking, effectively prevent lung cancer or reduce the incidence of lung cancer. China Consumers Association issued the sixth consumer warning: there are many germs on cigarette filters. 40% of the infectious diseases of smokers are related to smoking filter cigarettes. Smoking is an important way for diseases to enter the oral cavity, and cigarette filters have become the source of transmission of various infectious diseases. Consumer warnings say that people know the harm of nicotine and tar in cigarette washing to human health, but they ignore an equally important problem: cigarette filter tips have serious health hazards during smoking and become the source of various infectious diseases. The main reason is that there are misunderstandings in the traditional packaging methods of filter-tip cigarettes. The finger directly touches the cigarette sponge head, making it a carrier of bacteria and dirt. Almost everyone doesn't realize that you should wash your hands before smoking as before eating; Passing cigarettes in communication has become a process of cross-infection of various infectious diseases. According to the survey, among smokers, about 40% of all kinds of infectious diseases in their lifetime are related to smoking filter-tip cigarettes. In view of this, China Consumers Association warned consumers to wash their hands as much as possible before smoking, and called on relevant departments to change the current packaging methods of filter-tip cigarettes. Smoking is harmful to health, which is a common sense known to all men, women and children. However, in daily life, many smokers take pleasure in smoking escort, which is really a "double whammy" for health. Smokers who smoke and eat take "a cigarette after a meal is better than a living fairy" as their comfort. I don't know, after meals, the metabolic function is vigorous and the blood flow is accelerated, which makes many organs in the most suitable state for absorbing substances. According to blood tests, smoking one cigarette after meals absorbs more poisons than smoking ten cigarettes on weekdays. At banquets, people often drink while smoking. I don't know whether smoking helps cheer up or wine helps cheer up. People probably don't know that toxic chemicals in smoke, such as cyanide, carbon oxide and other harmful substances, as well as a layer of tar deposited in the mouth, nose, throat and lungs of smokers, will be fully dissolved by alcohol, which will dilate blood vessels, accelerate blood circulation and absorb them quickly when drinking, and then spread the poison to the whole body. Obviously, it is the biggest mistake to be correct in smoking and drinking. It is common to go to the toilet with a cigarette in a stinking toilet. Smokers squat calmly and smoke. The purpose is not to taste cigarettes, but to prevent odor. In fact, this is tantamount to stealing the bell. The stench full of ammonia has not been "transformed" by the smell of smoke. On the contrary, more toxic ammonia will be inhaled into the body because of deep inhalation after smoking, and tobacco often burns endlessly in a dirty environment, which will produce more harmful substances. To sum up, it is hoped that smokers will give up smoking in order to be healthy, and the whole society will mobilize to form a strong propaganda force to persuade them to quit smoking and not to smoke, and make joint efforts to quit smoking. It is universally acknowledged that smoking causes cancer. Smoking is related to many cancers, such as lung cancer, oral cancer, tongue cancer, lip cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, bladder cancer, renal cancer and cervical cancer. Recent research shows that smoking can cause cancer, mainly due to the following three factors: (1) radioactive damage: during the growth of tobacco, other plants easily absorb radioactive substances from soil, fertilizer and air, resulting in some radionuclides in tobacco. Among them, the most harmful radioactive substance is polonium, which volatilizes when people smoke, and accumulates in the body with the smoke flowing into the human body, constantly releasing alpha rays invisible to our naked eyes, damaging the tissues and cells of the body. It is estimated that if you smoke 30 cigarettes a day, the annual dose of alpha-ray exposure to human body is equivalent to the cumulative dose of 100 x-rays. This kind of irradiation will affect the metabolism of tissues and cells, make cell genes mutate, and induce and promote the formation and development of cancer. (2) Impairment of immune function: Smoking can impair human immune function, which is positively related to the infection of smokers and the increase of tumor incidence. The reason why the human immune system can exert its immune function is that there is a natural killer cell-NK lymphocyte in the system, which can directly inhibit and kill cancer cells. Smoking will lead to the decline of NK cell activity, and the more smoking, the lower its activity. Relevant data show that the NK cell activity of heavy smokers who smoke more than 150 packs a year is significantly lower than that of non-smokers. (3) Destroying cell genes: Tobacco contains many carcinogens, such as nicotine, pyridine, hydrochloric acid, ammonia, tobacco tar, carbon monoxide and aromatic compounds, among which tobacco tar is the most harmful. Tobacco tar contains radioactive isotopes of magnesium, lead and bismuth as well as epoxides, phenols, benzene and pyrene. These carcinogens are everywhere, and the best trick is to drill into gene bases and destroy the structure of DNA. If the damaged DNA is not repaired in time, the diseased gene will be transferred to the offspring cells and become potential cancer cells. When affected by other factors, cancer cells will proliferate and form cancer. The "reactive oxygen species" produced by lipid peroxide dissolved in water or food can directly act on deoxyribonucleic acid, breaking its chain into fragments, especially destroying the deoxyribonucleic acid of cells with oncogenes, thus promoting gene mutation, causing cell canceration and forming cancer.