Children's physical and mental health
Children are the next generation of our motherland and our future. Our tomorrow needs them to build, and our future needs them to continue. Therefore, it is particularly important to pay attention to the healthy growth of children!
However, in real life, not every child can grow up healthily. They will always be influenced and interfered by one factor or another, threatening their healthy growth!
Children's health is mainly divided into physical health and mental health. First, let's talk about children's health.
First, the factors affecting the healthy growth of preschool children
Factors affecting preschool children's health
1. Environmental factors
Preschool children are in a critical period of physical development, and any environmental changes may affect their healthy growth. Excessive or insufficient intake of various nutrients in preschool children's nutrition may cause diseases, or excessive heavy metal content in their living environment may lead to acute or chronic poisoning. This is the current chemical factor.
There are also some physical factors, such as the cold and hot climate, the sudden change of air humidity, air pressure or airflow, ionizing radiation, noise and other changes will affect the health of preschool children.
In addition, preschool children can be infected with various pathogenic bacteria through diet, drinking water, breathing, skin contact and medical accidents. Especially food hygiene. As the saying goes: the disease enters from the mouth. This statement is correct. We eat a lot of different foods every day, and the children will be much less than us, but we should still pay attention to their food safety. When eating at home, you should form the habit of washing your hands before meals, wash raw fruits and vegetables, and don't eat rotten food. In school, we should do a good job in the process of food procurement, transportation and storage to prevent food source pollution and food poisoning accidents. School canteens must keep the environment clean and tidy, and eliminate harmful insects such as flies and mice and their breeding conditions. School canteen staff and cooking managers must have a physical examination every year.
2. Sanitation facilities
The socialized service of children's health care, including the improvement of health care facilities, directly affects children's health status. China has formed a child health care network system. This sets very strict rules for child care institutions. Health care services should not only be reflected in the supply of nutritious food, safe drinking water and basic environmental sanitation facilities, vaccination and prevention of common diseases.
In order to be beneficial to children's health, children should be allowed to exercise more, learn to "fall", enhance their instinct of self-protection, use less walkers, try to let children touch their feet, enhance their balance and reduce the chance of falling, and parents should also strengthen their protection for children. Pay attention to safety, and don't let children exercise too much and exercise too hard. Moderate exercise is conducive to the healthy development of children's body and mind.
3. Physical factors
The first is genetic factors. At this point, it is entirely up to parents. Affected by parents' genetic factors, children may get some congenital genetic diseases or defects.
Followed by physiological factors. For example, the functions of cells, tissues, organs and systems, and the reactions of various components and the whole body in different environments. Especially the damage of children's nervous system, especially the brain, caused by pathological changes, trauma and poisoning. , will lead to abnormal individual physiological activities, but also cause qualitative or functional secondary changes in various internal organs.
4. Lifestyle
Lifestyle includes not only a reasonable and balanced diet, eating habits and living rules. There should also be a course of treatment for lifestyle. Children, in particular, are curious about everything, which is their age characteristic. So it is particularly easy to do some dangerous things. If the guardian's safety awareness
If it is missing, it will easily lead to problems in the health of young children. For example, at home, parents accidentally caused their children to be scalded by boiling water, climbed to the window sill and fell; In kindergarten, children fight with each other and swallow school supplies by mistake because of the poor care of kindergarten teachers.
(B) factors affecting the mental health of preschool children
1 living environment
A good living environment can promote children's mental health development. In a relaxed and harmonious family environment, family members can live in harmony with their children, children have a democratic and equal position at home, and children have a free living environment, so that children can grow up happily and worry-free in such an environment.
In addition, most of the current one-child families are simple structures of two plus one. Most of them are equipped with toys, televisions, game discs and so on. The narrow living space of children has caused many children to be bad at communicating with others, timid and have poor independence. In addition, some external factors, such as parents' divorce, parents' unhealthy psychology, rude behavior, poor comprehensive quality and neglect of equal communication with children, will inevitably affect children's mental health in the long run.
2. Parental rearing patterns
Parents are children's first teachers, and children can't live without their parents' education. They are cared for by their parents from food, clothing, housing and games, and their education methods have always been accompanied by their children's growth. What kind of education methods parents adopt plays a vital role in their children's life. In addition, children themselves take the initiative to accept knowledge and education, so at the same time of family education, the initiative of children themselves is not ruled out.
Contact with people
For children, they don't know anything yet. They only imitate the behavior of some people they come into contact with.
For action. And if the behavior of these people is inappropriate, it will affect children to a great extent. It exerts a subtle influence on children's psychological environment, and these people's mental health will also lead to children's mental health.
4. Kindergarten environment
The atmosphere of kindergarten is closely related to teachers' moral quality, professional awareness and teaching level.
Therefore, teachers should create an atmosphere full of love, mutual respect and concern for children, which allows failure and mistakes. If children are not allowed to fail and make mistakes, they will live in an invisible pressure, which will not be conducive to their mental health. At the same time, such an environment should be free from any external pressure, which is also very important for children's mental health.
5. Special experience
If children have experienced some special experiences, such as witnessing the accidental death of their parents and being kidnapped by gangsters, it will cast a shadow over their young hearts, thus affecting their mental health and may get some mental diseases.
6. Genetic factors
Every child has his own genetic characteristics. For example, some children are bloody and easy to form the psychological characteristics of liveliness, agility and emotional instability. A child's temperament is sticky, and it is easy to form stable, inflexible and practical psychological characteristics, but it is also rigid, calm and lacking in vitality.