Soil improvement technology
Soil is the foundation of crop growth, and the quality of soil directly affects the yield and quality of crops. Therefore, soil improvement is one of the important means to improve crop yield and quality. Soil improvement techniques include the application of organic fertilizers, rational use of mineral fertilizers and the application of soil improvers. Organic fertilizer can provide rich nutrients, improve soil structure and increase soil fertility. Mineral fertilizers can supplement nutrients lacking in soil and provide nutrients needed by plants. Soil conditioner can adjust soil pH value, keep soil moisture and improve soil permeability.
Water and fertilizer integration technology
The integration technology of water and fertilizer is to combine irrigation and fertilization to realize the rational utilization of water and fertilizer. By reasonably controlling irrigation water and fertilization, the water use efficiency and nutrient use efficiency of crops can be improved, and the waste of water and fertilizer can be reduced. Water and fertilizer integration technology mainly includes drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, micro-sprinkler irrigation and other fertilization methods, as well as quantitative fertilization, fertilizer and water integration fertilization and so on. These techniques can be adjusted according to the characteristics of water and fertilizer demand of different crops, improve the accuracy of fertilization and reduce the loss of nutrients.
Pest control technology
Pests and diseases are one of the important factors affecting crop yield and quality. In order to effectively control pests and diseases, a series of prevention and control measures can be taken. First of all, selecting varieties resistant to pests and diseases for planting can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Secondly, rational use of pesticides and scientific application methods can reduce environmental pollution. In addition, patrol the fields regularly to find the early symptoms of pests and diseases in time and take corresponding control measures.
Fine management technology
Fine management technology refers to the fine management of crops by monitoring and regulating the growth process of crops. These include precision fertilization, precision irrigation and precision plant protection. Accurate fertilization is to accurately calculate the amount of fertilization according to the growth demand of crops and the nutrient status of soil to avoid the waste and shortage of nutrients. Precision irrigation is to accurately calculate the irrigation water amount according to the water demand of crops and the water content of soil, so as to improve the water use efficiency. Precise plant protection is to accurately select control measures according to the occurrence of pests and diseases, thus reducing the use of pesticides.