1, How do women prevent cervicitis?
Method 1: Pay attention to personal hygiene.
Take a bath frequently, change your underwear frequently, wash your vulva with warm water every day, do not use unclean bathing utensils, and avoid using other towels and soap.
Method 2: Pay attention to menstrual hygiene.
Use qualified menstrual pads during menstruation and pay attention to rest during menstruation. Swimming is forbidden during menstruation.
Method 3: Pay attention to the hygiene of public places.
Avoid cross-infection in public places, including public baths, swimming pools, hotels, public toilets, etc.
Method 4: Enhance personal physique.
Improve the individual's ability to resist diseases. Don't take some diet pills at will. Some women may lose weight after taking diet pills, but their resistance decreases. Therefore, amenorrhea, irregular menstruation or recurrence of original chronic diseases, such as pelvic inflammatory disease and cervicitis, may occur.
Method 5: Keep your sex life clean.
Pay attention to sexual contact and infection after marriage, and you can't have sex during menstruation. Suffering from sexually transmitted diseases, including syphilis, gonorrhea and trichomoniasis, both husband and wife must be treated at the same time and the treatment must be thorough.
Method 6: Seek medical attention in time.
Once there are symptoms such as increased leucorrhea, low back pain and lower abdominal pain, you should go to the hospital in time. Do early diagnosis and early treatment.
Method 7: Pay attention to nutrition.
Pay attention to nutrition and reasonable collocation in diet, and don't be partial to food or picky eaters.
2. Symptoms of cervical cancer
1, clinical manifestations
Early cervical cancer is often asymptomatic and has no obvious signs, which is not obviously different from chronic cervicitis, and sometimes even the cervix is smooth, especially for elderly women whose cervix has shrunk.
Some patients with cervical cancer, the focus is located in the cervical canal, and the appearance of cervical female private parts is normal, which is easy to be ignored and missed or misdiagnosed. Once the patient has symptoms, the main manifestations are as follows.
(1), female private parts bleeding.
Young patients often have contact bleeding, which usually happens after husband and wife live or after gynecological examination. The amount of bleeding can be more or less, depending on the condition.
The amount of bleeding in the early stage is small, and the large lesions in the late stage are characterized by excessive bleeding. Once the larger blood vessels are eroded, it may cause fatal massive bleeding. Young patients can also show prolonged menstrual period, shortened cycle and increased menstrual flow.
Elderly patients often complain about irregular bleeding in postmenopausal women's private parts. Generally, exogenous cancer bleeds earlier and has more blood. Later, endogenous cancer bleeding.
(2) Drainage of female private parts
Patients often complain that the secretion of women's private parts is increasing, white or bloody, as thin as water or rice, and has a foul smell. In the late stage, due to the ulceration, necrosis and secondary infection of cancer tissue, a large number of purulent or rice soup-like malodorous leucorrhea appeared.
(3) Symptoms of advanced cancer
Secondary symptoms appear according to the degree of lesion invasion. When the lesions spread to pelvic connective tissue, pelvic wall, ureter or rectum compression and sciatic nerve, patients complained of frequent urination, urgency, anal dilatation, constipation, urgency in abdomen, swelling and pain of lower limbs. In severe cases, it will lead to ureteral obstruction, hydronephrosis and finally uremia. By the end of the disease, patients have cachexia.
2. Symbols
Microscopically, early invasive carcinoma and very early invasive carcinoma of the cervix have no obvious local lesions, and the cervix is smooth or slightly eroded, such as general chronic cervicitis. With the growth and development of cervical invasive carcinoma, different types and local signs are also different.
Exogenous type is characterized by the outward growth of cervical vegetation, which is polypoid or papillary, and then protrudes to the female private parts to form cauliflower-like vegetation with irregular surface, and the surface is covered with gray exudate when complicated with infection, which is easy to bleed. Endogenous type is characterized by cervical hypertrophy and hardness, barrel-shaped cervical canal, smooth cervical surface or superficial ulcer.
In the late stage, due to the necrosis and shedding of cancer tissue, a concave ulcer is formed, and the whole cervix is sometimes replaced by a cavity, which is covered with taupe necrotic tissue and stinks.
The cancer focus infiltrated the wall of female private parts, and there were vegetation on the wall of female private parts, which invaded the lateral tissues. Gynecological examination shows that both sides are thickened and nodular, and the texture is similar to that of cancer tissue, and sometimes it infiltrates the pelvic wall to form a frozen pelvic cavity.
3. Etiology of cervical cancer
1. Virus infection
Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus is the main risk factor of cervical cancer. More than 90% of cervical cancer is accompanied by high-risk human papillomavirus infection.
2. Delivery quantity
Pregnancy and prolificacy are closely related to the occurrence of cervical cancer.
3. Other biological factors
Infection of pathogens such as chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus type II and trichomonas has synergistic effect in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer caused by high-risk human papillomavirus infection.
4. Other behavioral factors
Smoking as a synergistic factor of human papillomavirus infection will increase the risk of cervical cancer. In addition, malnutrition and poor sanitation will also affect the occurrence of diseases.
4. Cervical cancer screening
1. Cervical smear cytology
It is the main method of cervical cancer screening and should be carried out in cervical transformation area.
2. Cervical iodine test
The squamous epithelium of the private parts of normal cervical women is rich in glycogen, which is brown or dark brown after dyeing with iodine solution. The unstained area indicates that the epithelial cells lack glycogen and may have lesions. Biopsy in iodine-free areas can improve the diagnostic rate.
3. Endoscopy of female private parts
The cytological examination of cervical smear showed that papilloma was visⅲ or above, and TBS was classified as squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Under the observation of female private parts, cervical biopsy should be carried out in the suspected canceration area.
4. Biopsy of cervix and cervical canal
To provide reliable evidence for the diagnosis of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions. The removed tissues should include stroma and adjacent normal tissues. The cervical smear is positive, but the cervix is smooth or the cervical biopsy is negative. Scrape the cervical canal with a small curette and send the curette for pathological examination.
5. Cervical conization is suitable for those who have positive curettage for many times and negative cervical biopsy; Or cervical biopsy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia needs to exclude invasive cancer. Cold knife resection, circular electrotomy or condensation electrotomy can be used.
5, the harm of cervical cancer
I. Fatal injury to the uterus
The function of uterus is to provide an environment for the development and growth of fertilized eggs. However, in the treatment of cervical cancer, due to various reasons, sometimes the uterus has to be removed to save lives. On the one hand, women are mercilessly deprived of their rights as mothers, which makes the majority of female friends feel extremely uncomfortable and even desperate.
Second, diseases can directly cause infertility.
People associate cervical cancer with infertility mainly because the "bacterial" leucorrhea caused by cervicitis and the alkaline environment of female private parts are not conducive to the survival and swimming of sperm.
Cervicitis is also a cause of miscarriage. Cervicitis changes the tissue and reduces the elasticity, which will make the labor process not smooth; Severe cervicitis will also affect the life of husband and wife.
What is more worth reminding is that
Long-term incurable or incurable cervicitis is considered as a factor of cervical cancer.
Third, it will directly harm the mental health of patients.
This kind of harm can not be ignored by patients, because the disease makes women feel unprecedented depression, making them unable to face life and work correctly, which greatly affects their mental health.
Fourth, it will cause lesions in many parts of the patient's body.
Cervical cancer patients, after getting sick, the disease will directly lead to waist and abdomen pain, female private parts bleeding, vaginal discharge foul smell, which is the most direct performance.
In addition, the different recurrence sites also lead to the diversity of details, such as a lump in the lower abdomen or pelvic wall, edema of lower limbs, frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, hematuria and other symptoms, followed by cough, chest tightness, rectal bleeding and so on.
In a word, the harm of cervical cancer is quite great. I believe that the above introduction has helped everyone to have a better understanding. At the same time, I hope that for the sake of their own health, the majority of female friends must actively take some measures to prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer in their lives, which is beneficial to their health.
6. Dietary taboos of cervicitis
1, avoid eating too sweet and greasy food.
Too sweet and greasy food such as candy, cake, pork, egg yolk, etc. These foods are helpful for eating, which will reduce the effect of inflammation treatment to a certain extent, leading to prolonged illness.
2. Patients with cervicitis should avoid drinking alcohol.
Alcohol is a warm and irritating food. Drinking alcohol in patients with cervicitis can easily aggravate damp-heat symptoms, make inflammation difficult to subside, and even aggravate the condition.
3, avoid eating spicy food.
Patients with cervicitis eat too much spicy and irritating food, which will easily aggravate the symptoms of pelvic congestion, stimulate the disease, delay the recovery time of the disease, and even lead to excessive contraction of uterine muscles. Therefore, we should eat less irritating foods such as pepper, pepper and pepper.
Patients with cervicitis should avoid eating "hair".
Crab, shrimp, marine fish, oysters, bamboo shoots and beef are all hair. Eating too much of these foods is not conducive to inflammation.
5, avoid eating warm meat
Beef, mutton, dog meat and other meats are warm foods, and patients with cervicitis are more likely to get angry after eating these meats, leading to repeated attacks or aggravating the condition.
6, avoid eating food that is easy to solidify.
Patients with cervicitis such as donkey-hide gelatin, longan, red dates and royal jelly should also eat as little as possible. These foods have a certain coagulation effect, and excessive consumption can easily lead to more serious inflammation.