(1) primaryprevention means etiological prevention, which is the most proactive preventive measure to prevent or reduce the occurrence of mental disorders by eliminating or reducing etiological factors. The main contents include: ① Improving mental health care, fully strengthening the popularization and education of mental health knowledge, providing correct psychological counseling services in time and improving people's self-care ability for mental health are effective ways to reduce the occurrence of psychological obstacles related to various stress factors; ② Strengthen genetic counseling to prevent inbreeding and reduce the occurrence of mental disorders; (3) For some people who are prone to mental disorders? High risk group? , including people with special psychological qualities and people engaged in high psychological pressure occupations, should take special psychological intervention measures to provide psychological outlets to prevent and reduce the emergence of psychological barriers; (4) Conduct epidemiological surveys of mental disorders on a regular basis, study the incidence, incidence regularity, influencing factors and distribution of mental disorders in the population, and provide basis for relevant departments to make plans and make decisions in combination with changes in regional population composition, so as to prevent the occurrence of mental disorders from a macro perspective.
(2) Secondary prevention should focus on early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment, so as to achieve a good prognosis after remission and prevent recurrence. Because many mental disorders have the characteristics of chronic or subacute onset, hidden symptoms and lack of clear clinical characteristics, they often lose the opportunity to intervene in time. Therefore, secondary prevention is an extremely important link in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Its main contents include: ① actively, deeply and systematically publicize the knowledge about mental disorders to the masses, improve people's ability to identify mental disorders at an early stage, and find mental disorders as soon as possible. At the same time, it is necessary to raise people's prejudice against mental disorders and patients with mental illness, seek medical treatment in time, and control the disease in the bud. ② For patients with diagnosed or suspected mental disorders, guide patients and their families to see a doctor in time, make a clear diagnosis and actively treat them, so as to achieve complete remission of the disease. At the same time, follow-up and consolidation treatment should be actively carried out to reduce recurrence and recurrence. ③ Set up psychiatry and psychological counseling departments in general hospitals, do a good job in consultation-contact, consultation and training, and help non-psychiatrists find and treat patients with mental disorders at an early stage.
(3) The focus of tertiary prevention is to do well the rehabilitation training for the mentally handicapped, restore the social function of the patients to the maximum extent, reduce the dysfunction, delay the process of disease decline and improve the quality of life of the patients. Its main contents include: ① actively strive for the attention and support of government departments at all levels to mental disorders, coordinate the work of relevant departments, form a mental disorder prevention and rehabilitation system, help reduce mental disabilities, and improve the quality of life and living security of patients with mental disorders. ② Patients whose condition tends to be stable after treatment are given various forms of psychotherapy and rehabilitation training. Let patients correctly understand the disease, further correctly understand themselves, overcome personality weaknesses, and correctly handle various psychological and social problems and contradictions in real life. At the same time, urge patients to take medicine on time and in quantity, prevent the illness from getting worse, and strive to reduce disability, so that patients can restore their psychological and social functions to the maximum extent. ③ Establish various work and entertainment treatment stations, operation stations and entertainment stations, and provide patients with various rehabilitation training, health education and disease consultation, so that patients can restore their family life and social functions as soon as possible. ④ Do a good job in regular follow-up of discharged patients, so that patients can get timely and targeted medical guidance and services. Adjust the living environment of discharged patients, mobilize family members to support and participate in patients' rehabilitation activities, guide family members to make life plans for patients, and strive to solve patients' mental health problems and practical difficulties in daily life. ⑤ Care and satisfy the reasonable demands of patients with mental disorders, and pay attention to the influence of psychological and social environment on the prognosis and recurrence of diseases. It is very important to find ways to properly solve the problem of mental disorders and mental disabilities returning to work or re-employment, so as to support their psychological state and participate in the social environment where they receive exercise.