1, female reproductive knowledge
First of all, signs of pregnancy
1, menstruation stops. A girl who has just come to menarche may have irregular menstruation, but if her menstruation has been regular, but she doesn't come on the day when she should come, and she has sexual contact with the opposite sex, her roommate may interrupt sexual intercourse (sperm can survive for 2 to 3 hours in vitro).
Reminder: If you don't take contraceptive measures in time after having sex, it's best to take remedial measures after having sex. It should be noted that emergency contraceptives are harmful to the health and should not be taken frequently! The best way is to take contraceptive measures! The result of multiple abortions may be that you will lose the right to be a mother!
2. Secondly, the breast will become bigger in a short time, and there will be frequent urination and elevated body temperature in the later period.
3. Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and greasy may not appear until three to five months after pregnancy.
Second, the inspection method
If you are in doubt, don't be afraid. You can test it yourself first. Use early pregnancy test paper and buy it in a regular pharmacy, which is urine sample testing. Don't worry. The accuracy of test paper is relatively high, but it is not foolproof, and it needs to be further tested in the hospital. Going to the hospital for examination is also a urine sample test and B-ultrasound examination. Don't worry, it won't hurt.
Third, psychological preparation.
Relax, relax again. Don't panic and don't be afraid. This is not a disease. Pregnancy is actually a physiological phenomenon, but it happens at an inappropriate time. So the medical term you want to choose is called termination of pregnancy. In our words, this is called abortion.
First of all, be calm. Don't hide, be sad alone. Ask for help from the person you trust most. Suggest looking for mom. Although it will make her sad, mom is the most reliable friend. First of all, she loves you the most. Secondly, as an adult, she knows how to handle it correctly and minimize the harm. If it is really difficult, find your best friend and let her go to her mother or elder to help you indirectly.
Second, be brave. Anyway, it has already happened. If it comes from an accidental injury, it is only a small setback in your life. You should be brave and positive. There is still a long way to go, and there are many beautiful things waiting for you, aren't there? If it is your own fault, it is everyone's ability to bear the mistakes. Besides, if you know your mistakes, you are still a good girl. Moreover, only by choosing abortion can the harm caused by sex be minimized.
Fourth, abortion preparation
If B-ultrasound has not been done before, it is necessary to do it at this time. Mainly to determine whether it is a normal pregnancy, that is, intrauterine pregnancy. If it is an ectopic pregnancy, you can't use the usual abortion method and need hospitalization. Although the probability of ectopic pregnancy is very small.
At present, there are two kinds of abortion methods used in domestic hospitals, drug abortion and induced abortion. Drug abortion should be carried out within 7 weeks of pregnancy, and induced abortion should be carried out within 10 weeks. If it is confirmed that it is a normal pregnancy, it is necessary to start preparing for abortion. First, relax. Because at this time, mental health and physical health are equally important. Also pay attention to keep warm, don't catch a cold, if you have cold symptoms, you should seek medical advice in time, and don't have an abortion during a cold. The day before going to the hospital, take a hot bath and prepare to change underwear, sanitary napkins and the like.
What kind of abortion method should be consulted, because everyone's physical condition is different. Both will bring some harm to the body, but there is no wound. As long as you do a good job of post-maintenance, you will soon recover. Drug abortion must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. Don't eat in the morning for induced abortion. Remember, you must choose regular hospitals and professional doctors.
Five, after abortion
Stay in bed for about a week. Within a month, avoid eating cold and spicy food and cold water. It is best to wash your hair less or not. Immediately after washing, dry your hair with the warm air of a hair dryer. Can't take a shower. Eat more nutritious food. It is very important to keep in touch with the doctor, and report to the doctor immediately if there is any abnormality. Keep a peaceful mind.
Sixth, nip in the bud.
Taking emergency contraceptives within 72 hours after sexual intercourse can also avoid pregnancy. But birth control pills can also bring some harm to the body, such as endocrine disorders, bad mood and so on. However, the above are all hindsight, which is a way to reduce the harm after pregnancy. How to protect your body is the best policy. There are two main situations of middle school students' pregnancy, one is external injury and the other is their own fault. In order to avoid trauma, we should be careful not to walk alone at night. If you go home by car, you'd better ask your family to pick you up where you got off or downstairs. If you find someone suspicious following you, go to a crowded place for help. Don't be alone with strangers of the opposite sex.
2. Female reproductive age
exceed
45. The fertility rate has fallen sharply.
From the perspective of obstetrics and gynecology, women between the ages of 18-45 are regarded as women of childbearing age. In fact, women have the ability to conceive after menarche, and it is not uncommon for women to give birth after the age of 45. However, women before 18 years old and after 45 years old have irregular ovulation or poor egg development, and the probability of pregnancy is low. In fact, fertility will gradually decrease with age. Studies have shown that if women of childbearing age do not take contraceptive measures, about 57% will get pregnant after living together for 3 months; Living together for 6 months, about 70% pregnant; 1 year 85%, 2 years 93%.
There is no doubt that age is one of the important factors affecting fertility and has nothing to do with race. Some scholars have studied a tribe living in the border area between the United States and Canada. Contraception is forbidden there. Of the 209 women surveyed, only 5 have never given birth; Among the women who have given birth, 1 1% are infertile after the age of 34; At the age of 40, 33% is infertile; After the age of 44, 87% is infertile.
What is the result if the frequency of sexual intercourse is excluded from pregnancy? Some French scholars have specially studied the pregnancy after artificial insemination. They found that the pregnancy rate was about 74% before 3 1 year old, 6( 1)5% after 3 1-35 years old and 5(3)6% after 35 years old. It can be seen that female fertility declines with age, especially after 40 years old. This is not only affected by the frequency of sexual intercourse, but also by physiological and endocrine changes.
Cecilia Paper, a senior researcher in the Department of Public Health of Oxford University, is an expert in reproduction. She warned women that once they were over 35, their fertility would decline. Therefore, she advises women to have their first child before the age of 30, so that in case of problems, there is still time and remedies.
25-29 years old is the best childbearing age.
So when is the best childbearing age? According to the research of obstetrics physiology, eugenics and population control, the most suitable childbearing age for women is 25-29 years old. Clinical practice has proved that at this age, women have the strongest fertility, the best uterine contractility and less chance of dystocia. If the maternal age is too young, such as 20 years old, it is easy to be complicated with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and premature delivery. And it may also lead to dystocia due to pelvic hypoplasia; When the maternal age is too large, especially over 35 years old, the possibility of abnormal egg cells increases, so the incidence of fetal malformation increases. Studies have shown that at the age of 25-29, the incidence of congenital stupid infants is only11500; 30-34 years old is1/900; 35-39 years old rose to1/300; Over 45 years old, reaching 1/40. In addition, mothers are too old and often have other chromosomal abnormalities and physical and mental defects.
The father's age also affects fertility.
For the man, the reproductive age is also related to the baby's health. Generally, men are energetic, healthy and have the highest sperm quality at the age of 25-35. Someone has investigated 1 150 children in 302 families. Statistics show that the average age of the father of the person with the best intelligence and physical strength is 29 years old at birth. This is because, with the increase of age, chromosome diseases originating from men have also increased. According to statistics, the extra chromosome 2 1 in three body 2 1 (congenital idiocy) is about 1/4 from the father. Another data shows that the neonatal mortality rate increases with the increase of father's age. If the father is over 40 years old, the number of children's deformities will increase by 1 times.
In modern society, many reasons why men and women delay having children when they reach school age are because they are afraid that their just-started careers will be affected. Actually, having a baby is not complicated. For women, pregnancy and childbirth are a physiological process, not a disease, and they can undertake some work within their power. We advise you to cherish the childbearing age, give birth as soon as possible without health concerns, and think more about future generations while rushing for the future.