In order to prevent, control and eliminate the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases, safety isolation measures are taken to ensure people's health. D
In order to prevent, control and eliminate the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases, safety isolation measures are taken to ensure people's health. Do you know any safety isolation measures? The following is a model essay I recommend to you. Welcome to reading.
1 environmental and architectural requirements
Infectious disease hospitals should leave densely populated urban areas and be built outside urban areas. There should be enough isolation belts around the hospitals, planting shelterbelts and building external walls. If it is an infectious disease department of a general hospital, it should leave the main building of the hospital and become an independent building unit.
1 Outpatient Reception Room: Staff should have their own appointments. General hospitals should set up special departments such as registration, collection, inspection, X-ray, medicine taking and treatment. Ward: A staff sanitary passage room should be set up, including changing clothes and showering. Wards should be divided into small wards, and patients with different diseases should be placed in different isolation wards. The common infectious diseases in Northeast China are viral hepatitis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, bacillary dysentery and infectious diarrhea. Wards should be built in strict isolation, with toilets and protective doors. There are two layers of food delivery windows on the wall of the corridor, and the staff can deliver food to patients with mild diseases such as diet and medicine without entering the ward. The ward needs a special disinfection room. Others: For example, the laundry room and disinfection supply room should have isolated buildings and necessary disinfection facilities, such as sewage treatment stations and incinerators.
2 Division of isolation zones
Outpatients, wards and other units should be divided into polluted areas, semi-polluted areas and clean areas. 1 clean area: a place that has no direct contact with patients and is not polluted by pathogenic microorganisms. Such as dressing rooms, offices, treatment rooms, warehouses, duty rooms, etc. Semi-polluted area: places that are polluted or indirectly slightly polluted, such as corridors and laboratories. Contaminated area: refers to the places where patients or excreta and articles are directly polluted, such as wards, outer corridors, patient toilets, bathrooms and washrooms.
3 isolation device
1 isolation sign. Put a disinfectant towel on the door handle. 3 isolation gown, clothes rack. 4. Set up a formalin fumigation box to disinfect general items. 5 set foot pads at the door and soak them with disinfectant. 6. Use of hand washing and antifouling paper.
4 isolation system
1 according to the disease points room, time. Conditional hospitals occupy one ward for each disease. When the patient is hospitalized in the ward, he/she shall not bring other articles except the necessary daily necessities. During hospitalization, patients are not allowed to visit each other's wards or go out at will. The patient's activities are best confined to the polluted area. 4. Strictly manage the accompanying and visiting personnel. Try not to be accompanied and visited by family members. Special critically ill patients can accompany them with the permission of medical staff, but they must abide by the hospital isolation regulations. When you leave the hospital, you must receive proper sanitation and disinfection. When working in polluted or semi-polluted areas, medical staff should wear overalls, isolation pants, shoes, hats and masks, wash their hands with soap and tap water before and after contact with patients, and thorough washing is the simplest and most effective way to prevent iatrogenic infection. Especially when touching contaminated articles, changing sheets, collecting contaminated clothes and cleaning, you should immediately soak your hands with 0.2% peracetic acid and wash them thoroughly. 6 Medical staff should change isolation gown when they come into contact with patients with different diseases. You are not allowed to enter semi-polluted areas and clean areas when wearing isolation gown, and you must wash your hands with running water before and after operation. All objects that patients come into contact with should be relatively fixed. If necessary, use a thermometer and soak them in disinfectant containing 0.5% ~ 1% of available chlorine. If it is not disinfected, it should not be used by others. 8. Prevent direct contact with patients' blood, body fluids, bone marrow and other specimens. The container for holding specimens must be firm to prevent leakage and damage, and the outside of the container must not be polluted when it is stored and taken out for inspection. Pay special attention to the splashing of blood, body fluids, vomit and excrement in the ward. Because this phenomenon will pollute the environment, splashing is a potential source of infection, which increases the chance of disease transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to guide the patient to prevent splashing. At the same time, properly handle the overflow and wipe or soak it with disinfectant containing 0.5% ~ 1% of available chlorine. 10 test sheet should be kept clean at all times, and should not be in direct contact with the specimen and its container. It is not allowed to wrap the test sheet outside the container for inspection. Isolation is an important measure to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. With the deepening of people's understanding of infectious diseases, it is necessary to take preventive measures according to the nature of the disease, accept isolation prevention and do a good job in hospital monitoring to cut off the source and route of infection. Isolation is divided into eight categories: strict isolation, respiratory isolation, intestinal isolation, contact isolation, tuberculosis isolation, drainage/secretion isolation, preventive isolation and blood/body fluid preventive isolation. Infectious disease hospital is a scientific and technological department integrating medical treatment, nursing, scientific research and teaching. With the development of medicine, people put forward higher and newer requirements for hospitals. Due to the particularity of specialty, effective measures must be taken to reduce cross-infection, do a good job in isolation and prevention, and control infectious diseases to a minimum. This is our duty.
Article 2 I. Close isolation
Applicable to plague, pulmonary anthrax, cholera, pharyngeal diphtheria, rabies and all infectious diseases with unknown transmission routes.
1. Separate rooms and close doors and windows. People with the same pathogen can live in the same room and disinfect the air, ground and surface of the ward1~ 2/d.
2. Those who enter the ward should wear isolation gown, shoes, masks, hats and gloves. When leaving the ward, disinfect your hands, and take off isolation gown and isolation shoes.
3. The patient can't leave the isolation room. If it must be removed, it should be properly covered to prevent pollution to the environment and others during the transfer.
4. People with respiratory tract infection or fingerboard injury, except cholera, should stop contacting such patients.
5. Indoor articles should be fixed for use, and should not be removed from the ward without disinfection or isolation packaging. Articles used must be disinfected before use. Discard secretions and excreta after disinfection. Contaminated articles should be packed in double-layer dirt bags, marked, disinfected and sent out for destruction or decontamination.
6. After the patient leaves the hospital or dies, the ward and all appliances must be strictly disinfected for L ~ 3 times, and can only be used after passing the inspection.
7. Use the yellow isolation sign.
Second, respiratory isolation
It is suitable for influenza, measles, chickenpox, mumps, scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and mycoplasma pneumonia.
1. Patients with the same disease can live in the same room.
2. If necessary, those who enter the ward should wear masks and isolation gown.
Wash your hands before touching patients or things that may be contaminated and nursing the next patient.
4. The tableware and sputum cups used by patients should be isolated. Tableware is disinfected every meal, and sputum cups are disinfected every day. Respiratory secretions should be disinfected and discarded.
5. Ward air disinfection 1 ~ 2/d
When it is necessary to leave the ward, the patient must wear a mask.
7. Use the blue isolation sign.
Third, digestive tract isolation
Suitable for bacillary dysentery, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, polio, etc.
1. Patients with different diseases should be treated separately. There must be no flies and cockroaches in the ward. 1 ~ 2/d floor and object surface disinfection in ward
2. When in close contact with patients, wear isolation gown and a mask, and wear gloves when contacting dirt. Isolation gown needs to be replaced for different diseases.
3. Wash your hands strictly before touching patients, dirt and caring for the next patient.
4. The patient's articles, utensils, toilets, excrement, vomit, etc. It should be disinfected. Instruct patients to wash their hands before and after meals.
5. Use a brown isolation sign.
Fourth, contact isolation
Suitable for infants with acute respiratory infection, pharyngitis or pneumonia, neonatal gonococcal conjunctivitis, rabies, facial anthrax, etc.
1. The same pathogen infection can live in the same room.
2. People who are in close contact with patients should wear masks, isolation gown and gloves when contacting infectious substances. People with broken hands should stop contacting such patients.
3. Wash your hands before touching patients, pollutants and caring for the next patient.
4. Patients' supplies shall not be transferred to others for use. All contaminated items must be strictly disinfected before use.
5. Pollutants should be bagged, marked, sent out for destruction or purification.
6. Use the orange isolation sign.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) insect isolation
Is suitable for epidemic encephalitis B, filariasis, typhus, relapsing fever, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, kala-azar and malaria.
1. Mosquito prevention measures should be taken in the ward.
2. After the patient was admitted to the hospital, he cleaned up and all the cockroaches and fleas were eliminated.
Six, blood/body fluid isolation
Suitable for hepatitis B+hepatitis C, syphilis, leptospirosis, dengue fever, AIDS, etc.
1. The same pathogen infection can live in the same room. Personal hygiene cannot take care of itself or bleeding is not easy to control. People who are easy to pollute are isolated in a single room.
2. Wear isolation gown when blood and body fluids may contaminate work clothes. Wear gloves when touching blood and body fluids, and wear masks and goggles if necessary.
3. Wash your hands immediately after being contaminated or possibly contaminated by blood or body fluids; Wash your hands with disinfectant if necessary.
4. Strictly prevent being stabbed by sharp tools such as injection needles at work. Needles and syringes used by patients should be put into waterproof, stab-proof and marked containers and sent out for harmless treatment such as incineration or sterilization.
5. Dressings contaminated by blood and body fluids should be bagged and marked, and sent out for disinfection or incineration. Places polluted by blood and body fluids should be disinfected with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite immediately.
6. Use the red isolation sign.
Seven, tuberculosis isolation
It is suitable for patients with tuberculosis of lung and larynx with positive sputum examination or moving shadow on chest film.
1. Patients with the same disease can live in the same room. Close doors and windows with special ventilation equipment.
2. People who are in close contact with patients should wear masks and isolation gown.
3. Contact with patients, dust and nursing. The next patient should wash his hands.
4. Pollutants should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected before being destroyed.
5. Use the gray isolation sign.
Eight, the isolation of the outbreak of infection
1. Patients should be assigned to different wards.
2. If the pathogenic microorganism still shows signs of spreading, divide the patient into infected group, possibly infected group and uninfected group for nursing. When necessary, each group of nursing staff should be fixed.
3. If the above measures still can't effectively control the spread of infection, the asylum should be stopped and reported to the higher authorities for handling.
Article 3 Measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases among children:
1 Have a morning examination every day to check whether the child has symptoms such as fever, oral ulcer, rash or blisters on the face, fever and diarrhea in hands and feet.
2 Ventilation, sanitation, cleaning and disinfection system: Our garden takes the children's teaching activity places, teachers' and children's dormitories and canteens as the main places for daily sanitation and cleaning, and implements disinfection of one meal a day, disinfection of desktop and ground water after meals, thorough disinfection of toilets three times a day, so as to maintain cleanliness and hygiene. After children leave the garden, ultraviolet disinfection includes classrooms, dormitories, kitchens and toilets for 40 minutes, steam disinfection of children's towels for 40 minutes, and disinfection of children's tableware for three meals a day. Teachers in each class check the window opening of flights and dormitories every day to keep ventilation, and canteen staff should do a good job of cleaning kitchen utensils and tableware, so as to be dust-free and oil-free. Kitchen knife, chopping board, vegetable basket, etc. Cooking should be done separately, and tableware should be disinfected once every meal.
Personal hygiene requires every child to wash his hands and face frequently, ventilate frequently, dry clothes and quilts frequently, exercise frequently, and rinse his mouth with light salt water every day before and after meals.
What should parents do with us:
1, understand the prevention of infectious diseases. Do early detection, early diagnosis, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment. 2. Actively cooperate with the class teacher to manage infectious diseases. Do a good job in children's personal hygiene. 3. Children health education. Increase or decrease clothes for children in time according to seasonal changes. During the epidemic of infectious diseases, don't take your children to places where people gather and the air is dirty. Parents should insist that their children check themselves before entering the park and after returning home. If they find anything unusual, such as oral ulcer, rash on the face or blisters on hands and feet, fever, diarrhea and other symptoms, contact the class teacher in time. 6. Strengthen children's physical exercise, insist on going to kindergarten, go to bed early and get up early, develop good work and rest habits, and at the same time strengthen the management of children's food hygiene at home, eat less cold food and eat less unclean diet. Don't bring birthday food, candy, etc. Go to the children's park. 7. Strengthen family communication and communicate children's health status in time.
What should parents do if they find their children suspected of infectious diseases?
1, if parents find their children suspected of infectious diseases, don't panic. It is necessary to take the children to the regular hospitals in our city in time. Do early detection and early diagnosis. 2. If the hospital diagnosed the child as a suspected infectious disease, it should immediately contact the class teacher. Report early. If infectious diseases are excluded, you must have a doctor's certificate to enter the park. 3, according to the doctor's request for isolation treatment of children, children must hold a doctor's certificate to enter the park after recovery. Do early isolation and early treatment. Protect susceptible people. 4. During the observation and treatment, I hope that parents can keep in touch with the class teacher, and at the same time, the teachers in our garden will also care for their children physically and mentally by telephone.
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