Abstract: In 2 1 century, with the economic prosperity, social development and people's growing material and cultural needs, family planning and prenatal and postnatal care have become the voluntary behavior of the vast majority of people of childbearing age. Educating children from early childhood has become everyone's knowledge. But facing the reality, many children, especially the only child, can't get a correct and comprehensive education. A considerable number of preschool teachers and young parents neglect preschool education, which leads some children to be willful and selfish and become family members? Little emperor? . This is worrying and makes people think about the methods of children's moral education.
Keywords: early childhood education; Moral education; Situational education
China Library Classification Number: G6 1 1 Document Identification Number: A Document Number:1674-9324 (2012)12-0275-02.
Children's moral education is to educate children how to behave, including ideological education, political education and moral quality education. Mainly moral quality education, so that children can initially distinguish between right and wrong, good and evil, initially know how to love the party, patriotism, collectivity, classmates, science and labor, and learn to do their own thing. Children's moral education plays a leading and decisive role in children's all-round development. Strengthening children's moral education is the requirement of children's physical and mental development characteristics, and it is also a major event related to the future of society.
Paying attention to children's moral education is not only the basic duty of kindergarten teachers, but also the glorious obligation of the whole society and parents of children. Early childhood education is a process of knowing, feeling, meaning and doing. Preschool teachers and parents must have a correct rational understanding and rich emotional experience. They must master and understand the following educational methods, and do a good job in moral education for young children from scratch.
First, the reasoning method
It is persuasion education, that is, by means of language, facts and demonstrations, to influence children's ideological understanding, let children understand morality and improve their understanding. Persuasion education mainly includes the following three categories:
1. Persuade with language pictures. Such as explaining, looking at pictures, telling stories, talking, etc. Language classes are often explained. The explanation should be practical, informative, interesting and systematic. Talking is an effective way for children's moral education. You should be prepared for the conversation, know the details of the child, and make clear the center of the conversation and the problems to be solved. Conversation attitude should be sincere and patient, and strive for a harmonious atmosphere, so that children can feel the teacher's care and speak freely. The conversation should be enlightening, let the children think for themselves, reason for themselves and draw their own conclusions. You can let children tell stories they are familiar with and get inspiration and education from them.
2. Persuade with examples. Organizing children to go out of the classroom and family to get in touch with nature and society is to convince and educate children with concrete and practical facts. The advantage of this way is that children can see or hear with their own eyes, which is intuitive and convincing.
3. Use examples to demonstrate persuasion education. It is an important way of persuasion to influence children's thoughts, emotions and behaviors by using the excellent moral character of role models to achieve the purpose of education. This way has a great incentive and influence on children, which is suitable for their positive and imitative psychological characteristics.
Children's thoughts are intuitive and concrete. Demonstration can help children understand various behavioral norms and understand and imitate the words and deeds of role models with the help of images. Parents, family members and teachers are people who often have a direct influence on children, and they have the most contact with children. Their words and deeds will be imitated by children as role models. So, every parent and teacher should use it? True love? Educate children (not spoil them). We should be good at discovering the advantages and disadvantages of each child, truly love each child with our heart, pay attention to children's personality differences, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. We should pay special attention to standardizing our words and deeds, play a positive and good exemplary role, and educate young children to consciously carry forward noble moral qualities in their studies and daily lives.
Second, the training method
Training method is a way for children to receive education in their study and daily life practice. There are two main ways of actual training:
1. Learning activities, which is the most common training method for children. Generally, it includes mental work and manual work, which is of great significance to cultivate children's qualities such as diligence, patience and meticulousness, and overcoming difficulties. Doing homework carefully can cultivate children's sense of responsibility, discipline and creativity in learning. Communication in the learning process can cultivate children's excellent moral character of unity, friendship and mutual help.
2. Implement children's daily behavior norms. Numerous facts have proved that all human qualities are rooted in people's early childhood, and it is the most important and fundamental to cultivate children's good moral habits. To train children? Do your own thing? . Strictly carry out regular exercise and abide by the study, hygiene and daily behavior norms. Cultivate children's concept of cherishing time, cultivate organization and discipline, and let children develop conscious and standardized daily behavior from an early age. Parents and teachers should remind, demonstrate and guide children, often strengthen training, timely and patiently supervise, check and correct.
Thirdly, situational education method.
It is to use the environment, atmosphere or setting situation, the quality of educators and other factors to educate children. We should start with improving the quality of education, beautifying the school appearance and rectifying the garden style, so that children can gradually develop good moral quality. Feeling and experience is an effective way for children to acquire internalized behavior quality. Only through various activities and interaction with peers can children get real feelings and experiences. One-day life provides many opportunities for children's social development. Teachers should be good at seizing opportunities and guiding children to form good qualities. During the activity, if a child falls, help him up in time. The child is ill, bring him a cup of hot water and say hello. Everyone congratulated a child on his birthday and gave him a homemade birthday present. In these special situations, good moral habits are gradually internalized. Parents should always attach importance to this kind of training in family life. Long-term education can help children understand society and life, learn to be grateful and enrich their spiritual life.
Fourth, the reward method
Give positive comments on children's ideological and moral character and daily behavior. Reward is a method of encouragement. It can make children affirm their due and excellent thoughts and behaviors, and arouse their desire and confidence to consolidate and develop these excellent moral qualities. There are generally three ways to reward: praise, praise and reward. In daily life and study, teachers can find that children's good morality and behavior can be expressed through language, eyes, nods, smiles and gestures. Organizing children to be good dolls, wearing small red flowers and rewarding outstanding children every semester not only encourages them, but also sets an example to inspire all children to learn. Parents record their children's good behavior at home by writing praise cards and bring them to kindergarten. Teachers read to children to make them more confident and encourage peers to learn from each other. Encouragement and praise from both sides of the family will help children gradually establish positive emotions and form good moral behavior. Rewards must be fair, appropriate, flexible and realistic, and cannot be abused. For some bad behaviors of young children, we should apply some exhortations in moderation and correct them in time.