Newborn health massage technology
1, massage the head, and push the thumb from inside to outside above the eyebrows, not too heavy. Ear, put your hand on the baby's ear and touch it from top to bottom.
2, chest massage, hands gently open from the middle to the outside from top to bottom. Baby constipation can also be rubbed clockwise, which is more useful.
3, leg massage, from the root of the thigh to the toes, gently pinch down. My baby likes this best and giggles happily every time. It should be very comfortable.
4, back massage, from the baby's neck massage to the buttocks, hands alternately massage. The baby is lying down just to practice looking up.
5, hand and foot massage, parents can hold the baby's little hand from the palm to each fingertip, from the sole to each toe.
6, full massage, after the local massage, let the baby lie down, parents hands from the baby's shoulders to feet, gently touch the arms and legs from top to bottom. Compliment him while touching him. The baby is so straight.
What is the focus of neonatal health care?
1, keep the newborn warm
The room temperature should be kept at 22-24℃ and the relative humidity should be 60%-65%. If the room temperature is too low in winter, the newborn's body temperature will not rise, causing frostbite and even life-threatening. If the room temperature is too high in summer, it is easy to cause water loss or fever. Therefore, we should pay attention to the environmental temperature and the thickness of clothes and quilts, and we should not wrap them too tightly to keep the body temperature at 36 ~ 37℃.
2. Neonatal feeding
Normal newborns should start sucking their mother's nipples within half an hour after birth, and no later than 2 hours after birth, because early sucking can promote milk secretion; Breastfeeding can be based on the baby's needs, without emphasizing the timing. If you can't breastfeed for some reason, you can use formula milk, the dose is 60 ~ 90 ml, once every 4 hours. Sugar water is not recommended, and a small amount of boiled water can be fed if necessary.
3, neonatal care
Pay attention to cleaning the skin. Newborns should not take a bath with water before umbilical cord falls off. After the umbilical cord falls off, it can be bathed with clear water, and the umbilical cord should be kept dry and clean. Take a bath every day, use less soap to prevent skin inflammation, apply lavender oil to skin wrinkles, and do not use talcum powder. Newborns' clothes should be made of soft cotton cloth, which should be loosely put on and off, and should not be tied tightly with belts or rubber, so as not to affect the development of the chest and limbs.
4. Neonatal posture
Pat the baby on the back after nursing and urge him to exhaust. Lie down to the right when sleeping to avoid spitting milk. In the future, you should change your posture frequently, and don't lie on your back for a long time, or lie prone, which is conducive to the development of respiratory function. The baby's bed should be a flat bed, not a pillow.
5, prevent neonatal infection
Minimize unnecessary contact with newborns and avoid infection. The room should be clean and ventilated, free of smoke and oil. If the mother or nursing staff has a cold, they should wear a mask to avoid infection. In addition, newborns should be vaccinated with BCG and hepatitis B vaccine on the first day after birth.
6. Some common physiological phenomena of newborns
(1) Physiological Weight Loss Newborns may lose weight for a short time within a few days after birth, because they eat less milk, excrete meconium and urine, and evaporate water through breathing and skin, which is popularly called "shrinkage" and medically called "physiological weight loss". Generally, it only reduces the birth weight by about 6%, and most of them can return to birth weight within 7- 10 days after birth. If it drops a lot or recovers late, please ask medical staff for treatment.
(2) About 75%-85% of neonatal physiological jaundice began to yellow on the second day after birth, and gradually deepened. Jaundice is most obvious around 1 week, then gradually subsides, and most of it disappears completely within 2-3 weeks. This phenomenon is called physiological jaundice and does not require special treatment. If jaundice appears on the first day or three weeks after birth and does not subside, or appears after it subsides, you should go to the hospital immediately for treatment.
(3) Neonatal breast swelling In 5-7 days after birth, both male and female newborns can see bilateral breast swelling and even a little milk secretion. This is a normal physiological phenomenon, so parents don't have to worry. Generally, it will disappear after 2-3 weeks, so you don't need treatment and you can't squeeze it to avoid breast infection.
(4) Newborn Vaginal Hemorrhage A baby girl will have a small amount of vaginal bleeding about 5-7 days after birth, which is called "false menstruation", and will recover spontaneously in 1-2 days. This is a normal physiological phenomenon and does not require panic or treatment, but attention should be paid to the local cleaning of perineum.
(5) Neonatal crying is an instinctive reaction of newborns and a kind of exercise, which can promote the development of lungs, so neonatal crying is not necessarily pathological. Due to the inadaptability to the environment after birth, newborns often sleep peacefully during the day, cry at night, and have special symptoms of crying at night, commonly known as "crying at night." So what should we do? As long as the baby is breastfeeding normally, gaining weight and having no other symptoms, there is no need for treatment. You can wake the baby properly during the day, don't hold hands, and feed yourself before going to bed at night, and the environment is quiet. That is to say, with the increase of newborn's age, crying symptoms will get better day by day. Of course, if you keep crying or are accompanied by other abnormalities, you should also be sent to the hospital immediately for treatment.