No matter how old the child is, the common psychological diseases of children should be taken to the children's psychological clinic in time as long as they are found to have abnormal behavior, learning difficulties, sleep disorders, personality defects, emotional disorders, poor social communication, gender role deviation, etc. And invite a child psychologist to pay attention to your child's psychological development and help your child grow up healthily. In modern society, people pay more and more attention to children's psychological problems and psychological obstacles. However, many young parents are often confused about their children's abnormal behavior and don't know whether they should consult a psychologist.
The following are mainly common mental illnesses of children under 6 years old:
1, biting nails
Nail biting is a common bad behavior in childhood, which can happen to both boys and girls. Different degrees can cause local bleeding and even paronychia. Children who love biting their nails are often accompanied by restless sleep and convulsions.
Step 2 suck your fingers
Finger sucking is a common phenomenon in infancy, and it will decrease obviously after 2-3 years old. With the increase of age, it will gradually disappear. If it does not disappear, it is a bad behavior deviation.
Step 3 hold your breath
It means that when a baby is stimulated to cry, after hyperventilation, it will hold its breath, apnea, blue lips and stiff limbs, and in severe cases, temporary disturbance of consciousness may occur. As short as half a minute to 1 minute, as long as 2 minutes to 3 minutes. More common in children under 2 years old.
Step 4 stutter
It refers to the state of interruption, repetition and unsmooth speech, which is a common language barrier in childhood. About half of stuttering children get sick before the age of 5.
5. Speech retardation
It means that children's spoken language appears slower than normal children of the same age and develops slower than normal children. It is generally believed that/kloc-can't speak words for 0/8 months and short sentences for 30 months, which belongs to speech retardation.
6. Selective mutism
It refers to children who have acquired language skills and remain silent on specific occasions due to the influence of mental factors. If you don't talk at school, talk at home. This kind of psychological problem usually begins at the age of 3-5.
7. enuresis
Refers to children over 5 years old who can't control defecation, often wet the bed at night and sometimes wet their pants during the day. It is more common in children aged 5- 10, with more boys than girls.
8. Tourette syndrome
Refers to a group of muscles or two groups of muscles that are confined to a certain part of the body. It is manifested as blinking, blinking, frowning, smacking, stretching your neck, shaking your head, biting your lips, and imitating strangeness. It is more common in children over 5 years old, and boys are more than girls.
9, difficulty falling asleep
It means that children don't want to sleep when they want to sleep. Even if they lie in bed, it is not easy for them to fall asleep. They kept tossing and turning in bed or repeatedly asking their parents to tell him stories until they could barely sleep late.
10, night terrors
Refers to waking up suddenly in sleep, staring up, looking panic and pain, often accompanied by crying, shortness of breath, sweating and other symptoms. , mostly within 2 hours after falling asleep, can't recall after waking up. Children aged 5-7 are the most common.
1 1, lethargy
It means suddenly opening your eyes, sitting up and staring, getting out of bed and walking. Most of them occur within 2 hours after falling asleep and cannot be recalled after waking up. Common in children of any age, especially children aged 5- 12.
12, nightmare
It refers to a sleep disorder that wakes up from a nightmare and vividly recalls the contents of the dream, leaving the child in a state of extreme tension and anxiety. It mostly happens in the middle of the night, especially in preschool children.
13, partial eclipse
It means that children don't like or eat certain foods or certain foods, which is a bad eating behavior. Partial eclipse is very common among children, accounting for about 25% in urban children and 10% in rural children.
14, depilation addiction
Refers to the bad behavior of pulling out your hair, eyebrows and body hair for no reason. More common in children over 4-5 years old.
15, aggressive behavior
It refers to the act of hurting others and destroying objects because of unsatisfied desires. Children's aggressive behaviors are often manifested as hitting people, swearing, pushing people, kicking people, and robbing others' things (or toys). Generally speaking, children's aggressive behavior has the first peak at 3-6 years old, and the second peak at10-1year old. Generally speaking, attacks can be divided into two categories: violent attacks and verbal attacks. Boys attack most violently, while girls attack most verbally.
16, withdrawal behavior
Refers to the bad behavior of being timid, shy, lonely, afraid to go to strange environments and unwilling to play with children. Such children are not interested in new things and lack curiosity.
17, Dependent behavior
It refers to a bad behavior that children rely too much on their parents and are not in line with their age. If parents are away, such children are prone to anxiety or depression.
18, dissociative anxiety
It refers to the extreme anxiety of children under 6 years old when they are separated from their families, especially their mothers. Both boys and girls will get sick, which is related to their personality weakness and excessive attachment to their mothers.
19, neurogenic urinary frequency
Refers to a mental illness in which the frequency of urination increases obviously every day, but the urine volume does not increase, and the urine routine is normal. The frequency of urination can be increased from the normal 6-8 times to 20-30 times, or even more than ten times per hour, with little urination, sometimes only a few drops. Children aged 4-5 are more common.
20, nervous vomiting
Refers to a mental illness that vomits repeatedly after meals, but does not affect appetite and weight. Often have a hysterical personality, self-centered, suggestive, and often influenced by obvious psychological factors, especially girls.
2 1, gender identity disorder
It means that children's understanding of their own gender is contrary to their real anatomical gender, such as male behavior characteristics like women, or persistent denial of their masculinity. More common in children over 3 years old.
22. Autism
It is a disease characterized by severe loneliness, lack of emotional response, language development disorder, rigid repetitive actions and strange response to the environment. More common in boys, the ratio of male to female is 4-5: 1.
No matter how old the child is, as long as it is found that the child has abnormal behavior, learning difficulties, sleep disorders, personality defects, emotional disorders, poor social interaction, gender role deviation and so on. You should take your child to the children's psychological clinic in time and ask the child psychologist to pay attention to the child's psychological development with you to help the child grow up healthily.
Methods to prevent children's mental diseases 1. What behaviors hurt children's self-esteem?
(1) Parents over-arrange their children.
Parents are always a safe haven for their children. As parents, I always feel that my children have not grown up, and I always feel that I have to protect my children at all times. So they over-arranged everything for their children, making them lose the ability and opportunity to use their hands and brains. But children are not as good as their parents think? Useless? Sometimes, they prefer to do it themselves, and this kind of arranged behavior of parents will hurt their children's self-esteem.
(2) Parents should not set an example.
Parents' own behavior is not good, how to educate an excellent child? Therefore, in order to cultivate a self-respecting child, parents should set an example and instill good behavior habits and ideological style into their children's minds.
(3) Parents neglect their children.
Children need their parents to grow up with them. For them, the happiest day is the day with family. However, some parents neglect their care and love for their children because of their busy work, and sometimes even ignore their feelings, which is easy to hurt their self-esteem.
(4) Parents don't respect their children.
In order to gain children's respect, parents should also learn to respect their children, which is interactive. If parents don't know how to respect their children and like to criticize and scold them in front of outsiders, how can their children's faces survive? This will also hurt children's self-esteem.
(5) Compare children with others.
Children don't like that their parents always compare themselves with other people's children, because everyone has different advantages and disadvantages, and there is no way to compare them fairly. Therefore, parents who always like to compare with others will hurt their children's self-esteem.
(6) Parents often beat and scold their children.
It is necessary for parents to give appropriate small punishment to children who are wrong, naughty and disobedient, but if they often beat and scold their children, their self-esteem will be hurt and it is difficult to achieve the effect of education.
2. How to cultivate children's self-esteem?
To cultivate children's self-esteem, we must start from an early age. Specific methods are: know how to respect and trust children; Communicate with children calmly at ordinary times; Try to give children the right to choose and decide; When children make progress, they should be given appropriate encouragement and support; If the child regresses, it is necessary to help the child find out the reason and make persistent efforts next time; No matter how busy and tired you are, you should have time to spend with your children every day.