I. Physical and mental health and happiness
Health comes first. Protecting children's physical and mental health is the primary task of preschool education in any period, and it is also one of the essential characteristics of preschool education. Contemporary education is no exception.
Whether it is preschool education with growth value orientation or utilitarian orientation, children's physical and mental health should be put in the first place. Any education at the expense of children's physical and mental health is not allowed and should be banned.
Scientific preschool education should educate and influence children on the premise of ensuring their physical and mental health, and help them get the perfect growth and development of life. At the same time, the purpose of life is to pursue happiness, and the mission of education is to make people happy. Therefore, early childhood education should not only consider the happiness of children all their lives, but also focus on the happiness of children now.
All kinds of educational and teaching activities, games and all aspects of daily life organized by us should consider whether children get happy experiences and feelings from them. Precious early childhood education, children will inevitably feel happy from all its links.
Second, habit formation and mental enlightenment.
Education is to cultivate children's good habits as soon as possible, and all good habits should be cultivated in early childhood, because early childhood is the period with the greatest development potential, the strongest plasticity and the easiest formation of good habits.
According to the level and characteristics of children's physical and mental development, preschool education should consider the possibility and necessity of children's development, cultivate children's most basic and most needed good habits, such as living hygiene habits, civilized manners habits, rules awareness habits, labor habits, study habits, etc., and lay the foundation for children's follow-up study and lifelong sustainable development.
Education should not only cultivate habits and acquire knowledge, but also awaken children's wisdom. Therefore, early childhood education should also be an education that inspires children's spiritual wisdom. Children's great development potential makes early childhood education enlighten children's spiritual wisdom.
Third, understanding respect and caring for education.
Education is the exchange of soul and flesh between people. In this communication process, educators and learners should establish a relationship of mutual equality, mutual understanding, two-way interaction and positive dialogue in language and behavior.
In the process of preschool education, teachers, as educators, are more active than children as the main body of learning. In order to truly establish the above-mentioned dialogue and communication relationship, teachers are required to understand and respect children, understand their existence as an independent and unique person, respect their instinct and nature, respect their physical and mental development characteristics and laws, respect their independent personality and rights, respect their interests, needs and choices, and respect their personality differences. Only in this way can preschool education realize inter-subject communication activities.
Care is the soul of education. There is no education without love, which has long been confirmed by the educational theory and practice of Chinese and foreign thinkers and educators. Early childhood education needs the care of teachers and the dual care of education. Children are a special period of life, their self-care and self-reliance ability is still weak, and their knowledge and experience are still scarce. They not only need teachers' proper help and care in life, but also need teachers' great patience and love in the process of education, providing suitable conditions and opportunities to satisfy children's curiosity and strong desire to explore. Only when they are nourished by more love can their lives produce more beautiful flowers.
Fourth, suitable environment and growth and development.
A suitable environment is of great value and significance to the healthy development of children's body and mind. Early childhood education should create a safe, warm and rich environment for children's growth and development, which can meet the needs of children's life, games and study. There are not only rich and varied material stimuli, but also healthy mental factors.