2 English reference warning signs of occupational hazards in the workplace
ICS 13. 100
C52
The national occupational health standard GBZ 158—2003 "Warning Signs of Occupational Hazards in the Workplace" was issued by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Ministry of Health on June 3, 2003, and has been implemented since June 65438+February 1 2003.
3 Preface This standard is mandatory for the full text.
This standard is formulated according to the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and the Regulations on Labor Protection in Workplaces Using Toxic Substances.
Appendices A, B, C and D of this standard are normative appendices.
This standard was first published on June 3, 2003.
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.
Drafting units of this standard: Institute of Environmental and Health-related Product Safety of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Occupational Health and Poisoning Control of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Occupational Disease Control and Prevention of Liaoning Province, Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and Shenyang Ninth People's Hospital.
This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.
Main drafters of this standard: Huo Benxing, Sun, Xu, Yan Bo, Yang,.
Warning signs of occupational hazards in the workplace
4 1? Scope This standard specifies the graphic signs, warning lines, warning statements and words set in the workplace that can remind workers of occupational hazards and take corresponding protective measures.
This standard is applicable to workplaces, equipment and products that may cause occupational hazards. According to the actual situation in the workplace, use various warning signs in combination.
5 2? By referring to this standard, the clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard. All subsequent modifications (excluding errata) or revisions of dated reference documents are not applicable to this standard. However, parties who have reached an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated reference documents, the latest edition is applicable to this standard.
GB 2893？ Safety color
GB 16 179？ Guide to the use of safety signs
IS03864— 1？ Design principles of safety signs in workplaces and public places
6 3? Pattern recognition Pattern recognition can be divided into prohibition recognition, warning recognition, instruction recognition and prompt recognition, as shown in Appendices A and B. ..
No sign-a graphic that prohibits unsafe behavior, such as a "No Entry" sign.
Warning signs-remind people to pay attention to the surrounding environment and avoid dangerous graphics, such as "beware of poisoning" signs.
Indicating sign-a graphic that compels to take some action or take preventive measures, such as "wear a gas mask" sign.
Prompt sign-a graphic that provides relevant safety information, such as the "rescue phone" sign.
Graphical signs can be used in combination with corresponding warning statements, as shown in Appendices B and C. Graphics, warning statements and words are set at the entrance of the workplace or in a prominent position in the workplace.
7 4? Warning line The warning line is a sign line that defines and separates dangerous areas. Divided into red, yellow and green. See Appendix B .. The warning line can be sprayed on the ground or set in a strip shape as required.
8 5? Warning sentences Warning sentences are a set of words that indicate prohibition, warning, instruction, prompt or description of occupational hazards in the workplace. Warning statements can be used alone or in combination with graphic signs. See appendix c for the basic warning statement.
9 6? According to the actual needs, the Notification Card of Occupational Hazards in Toxic Substances Operation Post is composed of various graphic symbols and characters (hereinafter referred to as the Notification Card), as shown in Appendix D. The Notification Card is a reminder card to inform workers of the harmful consequences and protective measures of an occupational disease.
The notice board is set in a conspicuous position in the post where toxic substances are used.
10 7? Warning signs in workplaces where toxic substances are used shall be set at the entrance or prominent position of workplaces where toxic substances are used. Set warning signs such as "beware of poisoning" and "beware of toxic gas", indicating signs such as "wear gas mask", "wear protective clothing" and "pay attention to ventilation" and warning signs such as "emergency exit" and "rescue telephone" as required.
According to the Catalogue of Highly Toxic Substances, a notice board shall be set at the eye-catching position of the post where highly toxic substances are used.
Set up a red warning line in the workplace of highly toxic substances. A yellow warning line should be set up in the workplace where general toxic substances are used. Set up a warning line at the outer edge of the workplace where toxic substances are used not less than 30cm.
Emergency exit signs should be set up in the emergency evacuation passage of the workplace with high toxic substances. Warning signs of "No Entry" and "No Stay" should be set when the dangerous area is opened, and necessary warning instructions should be added.
When the equipment that may cause occupational hazards breaks down, or the production devices containing toxic substances are maintained or overhauled, warning signs of "No Start" or "No Entry" should be set according to the actual situation on site, and necessary warning instructions can be added.
1 1 8? Setting of Warning Signs of Other Occupational Hazards in the Workplace A warning sign of "Pay attention to dust prevention" and an indication sign of "Wear a dust mask" should be set in the workplace where dust is generated.
In workplaces where occupational burns and corrosion may occur, warning signs of "Be careful of corrosion" and indication signs of "Wear protective clothing, gloves and shoes" should be set up;
Warning signs of "noise is harmful" and indication signs of "wear ear protectors" should be set in workplaces where noise is generated.
In high-temperature workplaces, set up warning signs of "Pay attention to high temperature".
In workplaces that can cause electro-optic ophthalmia, warning signs of "beware of arc light" and indication signs of "wear protective glasses" shall be set. ? In workplaces where biological occupational hazards exist, warning signs and corresponding explanatory signs of "beware of infection" shall be set up. ? In workplaces where radioactive isotopes exist and radioactive devices are used, warning signs and corresponding explanation signs of "beware of ionizing radiation" shall be set up.
12 9? Warning signs for equipment shall be set at obvious positions on or in front of equipment that may cause occupational hazards, and corresponding warning signs shall be set.
13 10? If the warning signs on the product packaging may produce chemicals, radioisotopes and substances containing radioactive substances harmful to occupational diseases, the product packaging shall have eye-catching corresponding warning signs and concise warning instructions in Chinese. Warning instructions shall specify the product characteristics, existing harmful factors, possible harmful consequences, precautions for safe use and emergency treatment measures.
14 1 1? Warning signs for storage places: places where chemicals, radioisotopes and articles containing radioactive substances that may cause occupational hazards are stored. Set corresponding warning signs and concise Chinese warning instructions at the entrance and storage.
15 12? Set up an occupational hazard accident scene warning line at the occupational hazard accident scene. According to the actual situation, set up temporary warning lines and divide different functional areas.
Set a red warning line near the accident hazard source to isolate the hazard source from the external area, and only professionals wearing corresponding protective equipment can enter this area.
A yellow warning line is set around the dangerous area, and its inner and outer sides are the dangerous area and the clean area respectively. Personnel in this area should wear appropriate protective equipment, and personnel entering and leaving this area must be disinfected.
Set up a green warning line around the rescue area to isolate rescuers from the public. The rescue, treatment and command institutions for patients are located in this area.
16 appendix a (normative appendix) warning graphic standard specification and setting 16. 1 A. 1? Style color16.1.1a.1? See (ISO 3864— 1) for the styles, colors and meanings of basic geometric figures.
See table A. 1 for the styles, colors and meanings of basic geometric figures.
Table A. 1? The Style, Color and Meaning of Basic Geometry
16. 1.2 A. 1.2？ Safety color red-means prohibition and prevention.
Blue-indicates description. Rules that people are required to follow.
Yellow-means to remind people to pay attention.
Green-provides people with permission and safety information.
16.2 A.2？ Making16.2.1a.2.1? Prohibition sign The design format of prohibition sign is as follows, as shown in Figure A. 1.
Figure A. 1? Basic form of prohibition sign
16.2.2 A.2.2？ Instruction ID Instruction ID is designed according to the following format, as shown in Figure A.2. ..
Figure A.2 Basic form of instruction recognition
16.2.3 A.2.3？ Warning signs The basic form of warning signs is an equilateral triangular border, and its design format is as follows, as shown in Figure A.3. ..
Figure A.3? Basic forms of warning signs
16.2.4 A.2.4？ Prompt signs Prompt signs are designed in the following format, as shown in Figure A.4. ..
Figure A.4 Basic forms of prompt signs
16.2.5 A.2.5？ Additional prompt identification Additional prompt identification is shown in Figure A.5. ..
Figure A.5? Basic forms of additional prompt signs
16.2.6 A.2.6？ Arrangement of combination marks The arrangement of combination marks is set according to the following positions, as shown in Figure A.6. ..
Figure A.6? Arrangement of combo box logo
16.2.7 A.2.7？ The basic form of multi-logo and multi-logo is shown in Figure A.7..
Figure A.7? Arrangement of multiple signs
16.2.8 A.2.8？ The setting methods of prompt sign, direction sign and text combination, direction sign and text combination are as follows. Directional signs should be accompanied by warning signs when explaining the direction. The "Exit" font is italicized. As shown in figure a.8.
Figure A.8? Direction combination recognition
16.2.9 A.2.9？ Warning lines warning lines are divided into yellow warning lines, red warning lines and green warning lines, as shown in Figure A.9. ..
Figure A.9? warning line
16.3 A.3？ See GB 16 179 for the setting and use of warning signs.
16.3. 1 A.3. 1？ In addition to the warning line, the height of warning signs should be consistent with the height of human eyes. The height of the lower edge of the hanging and column environmental information warning signs from the ground should not be less than 2m; The setting height of local information warning signs is determined according to the specific situation.
16.3.2 A.3.2？ Requirements for using warning signs A.3.2. 1? Warning signs should be set up in prominent positions related to occupational hazards in workplaces, and sufficient time should be given to pay attention to the contents marked.
A.3.2.2？ Warning signs are not set on movable objects such as doors and windows. Please do not place obstacles that hinder reading in front of warning signs.
A.3.2.3？ The angle between the warning board plane (excluding the warning line) and the line of sight should be close to 90. Angle, when the observer is at the maximum observation distance, the minimum included angle is not less than 75, as shown in figure A. 10.
Figure A. 10? The included angle α between the warning sign plane and the line of sight is not less than 75 degrees.
A.3.2.4？ The place where warning signs are set should have good lighting conditions.
A.3.2.5？ Warning signs (excluding warning lines) can be fixed in three ways: attached, suspended and column. Suspension and attachment fixation shall be firm, and shall not be inclined. The warning signs of columns and supports shall be firmly connected.
16.3.3 A.3.3？ Other requirements for warning signs Warning signs (excluding warning lines) should be crossed. Except the warning sign is edged with yellow, the others are edged with white, which is the lining of the warning sign. The width of the liner is 0.025 times the length or diameter of the marking edge.
A.3.3. 1？ Materials of warning signs
Warning signs (excluding warning lines) are made of durable materials. Generally, materials that are easy to deform, deteriorate or burn should not be used. Insulating materials are used in workplaces where there is a danger of electric shock.
Warning signs can be directly pasted, printed or sprayed on the packaging of equipment, chemicals, radioisotopes and articles containing radioactive substances that may cause occupational hazards.
A.3.3.2？ Surface quality of warning signs (excluding warning lines)
In addition to the above requirements, the logo graphics should be clear, smooth, without holes and any defects that affect the use.
A.3.3.3？ Size of warning signs (excluding warning lines)
See Table A.2 for the size of warning signs (excluding warning lines).
Table A.2? What is the size of the warning sign? The unit is meters.
model
Viewing distance
Circular mark
outside diameter
Triangular mark
Know the length of the outside
Square mark
Know the length of the outside
Rectangular additional hint
Logo (length× width)
1
0~2.5
0.070
0.088
0.063
0. 126 X 0.063
nine
~4.0
0. 1 10
0. 140
0. 100
0.200 X 0. 100
three
~6.3
0. 175
0.220
0. 160
0.320 X 0. 160
four
~ 10.0
0.280
0.300
0.250
0.500 X 0.250
five
~ 16.0
0.450
0.560
0.400
0.800 X 0.400
six
~25
0.700
0.880
0.630
1.260×0.630
seven
~40.0
1. 1 10
1.400
1.000
2.000 X 1.000
Note: 1: 3% error is allowed.
Note 2: Under special circumstances, the size of warning signs can be adjusted appropriately.
A.3.3.4？ The width of the cordon in a fixed place is 10cm .. The cordon can be made of paint. The width of the temporary warning line is 10cm, which can be made of fiber and other materials.
16.4 A.4？ The color of color warning signs shall conform to the color specified in GB 2893.
16.5 A.5？ Check and maintain warning signs at least once every six months. If found damaged, deformed or faded, it should be repaired or replaced in time. See GB 16 179.
17 appendix b (normative appendix) classification and application scope of graphic signs 17. 1 B. 1? According to the setting position of graphic logo, it can be divided into: B. 1. 1? Environmental information recognition (H): The information provided involves large-area pattern recognition.
B. 1.2？ Local information identification (J): The information provided only involves a certain place, even the graphic identification of a certain equipment or component.
17.2 B.2？ The classification of graphic signs can be divided into prohibition signs, warning signs, indication signs, prompt signs and warning lines according to the meanings expressed by graphic signs.
B.2. 1？ Prohibition sign
See table B. 1 for prohibited signs.
Table B. 1? Prohibition sign
figure
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
1
no entrance
H
Near the entrance of workplaces that may cause occupational hazards or risk mitigation areas, such as workplaces with toxic substances and radioactive workplaces; Or the equipment that may cause occupational hazards breaks down; Or overhaul or overhaul the production device with toxic substances, depending on the actual situation on site.
2
No parking
H
Under special circumstances, workplaces that are directly harmful to workers.
three
Prohibition of starting
J
When the equipment that may cause occupational hazards is suspended for use or maintenance, such as equipment overhaul and replacement of parts, it should be set near the equipment.
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17.2. 1 B.2.2？ Warning signs See Table B.2 for warning signs.
Table B.2? warning signal
figure
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
four
Beware of poisoning
h，J
Workplaces where toxic substances are used
five
Beware of corrosion
h，J
Workplaces with corrosive substances
six
Beware of infection
h，J
Risk factors of biological occupational diseases
Business premises
seven
Beware of arc light
h，J
Photoinduced ophthalmia in workplace
eight
Beware of ionizing radiation
h，J
Workplaces with ionizing radiation hazards
nine
Pay attention to dust prevention
h，J
Workplaces producing dust
10
Pay attention to high temperature
h，J
operation place of high temperature
figure
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
1 1
Beware of toxic gases
h，J
Toxic gas workplace
12
Noise is harmful
h，J
Noisy workplace
17.2.2 B.2.3？ Instruction identification See Table B.3 for instruction identification.
Table B.3? Instruction recognition
serial number
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
13
Wear protective glasses
h，J
Workplaces harmful to the eyes
14
Wear a gas mask
h，J
Workplaces that may produce occupational poisoning
15
Wear a dust mask
h，J
Workplaces with dust concentration exceeding the national standard
place
serial number
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
16
Wear ear protectors.
h，J
Workplaces with noise exceeding national standards
17
Wear protective gloves.
h，J
Workplaces requiring hand protection
18
Wear protective shoes
h，J
Workplaces that need to protect their feet
19
Wear protective clothing
h，J
It is necessary to wear protection against radiation and high temperature.
Clothing workplace
20
Pay attention to ventilation
h，J
There are toxic substances and dust to carry.
Ventilation treatment workplace
17.2.3 B.2.4？ See the prompt identification in table b.4.
Table B.4 prompt identification
figure
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
2 1
Left emergency exit
h，J
Emergency exit for safe evacuation, access to emergency exit
figure
Names and graphical symbols
Recognition type
Set range and position
22
Right emergency exit
h，J
Emergency exit for safe evacuation, emergency exit passage
23
Go straight to the emergency exit.
h，J
Emergency exit for safe evacuation, emergency exit passage
24
first-aid station
H
Emergency medical aid places set up by employers
25
Rescue call
h，J
Near the rescue phone
Yellow warning line
figure
Names and graphical symbols
Set range and position
26
Red warning line
Toxic substances workplaces, radioactive workplaces and the vicinity of potential accidents.
27
Yellow warning line
General toxic substances workplace, close to the danger of accidents.
The periphery of the damaged area
28
Green warning line
The periphery of the rescue area at the scene of the accident
18 appendix c (normative appendix) basic warning statement C. 1? Basic warning statement
See table C. 1.
Table C. 1? Basic warning statement
figure
Statement content
figure
Statement content
1
no entrance
29
* * * skin
2
No parking
30
corrosivity
three
Prohibition of starting
3 1
It is corrosive when wet.
four
Beware of poisoning
32
stifle
five
Beware of corrosion
33
rank poison
six
Beware of infection
34
Highly toxic
seven
Beware of arc light
35
Poisonous
eight
Beware of radiation
36
Poisonous and harmful
nine
Pay attention to dust prevention
37
It decomposes when wet, releasing toxic gases.
10
Pay attention to high temperature
38
Beware of toxic gases
1 1
poison gas
39
Contact can cause harm.
12
Noise is harmful
40
Skin contact may be harmful to health.
13
Wear protective glasses
4 1
Harmful to health
14
Wear a gas mask
Forty two.
Contact can lead to injury and death.
15
Wear a dust mask
43
narcotism
16
Wear ear protectors.
Forty-four
When the mind is hurt
17
Wear protective gloves.
45
Watch out for burns.
18
Wear protective shoes
46
Strong oxidation
19
Wear protective clothing
47
Beware of heatstroke
20
Pay attention to ventilation
48
Put on the respirator.
2 1
Left emergency exit
Forty nine
Wear a protective mask
22
Right emergency exit
50
Wear a splash mask
23
Go straight to the emergency exit.
5 1
Wear radiation protection products.
24
first-aid station
Fifty two
? No entry without permission.
25
Rescue call
53
Stay away.
26
* * * eyes
54
Don't cross this line.
27
It's wet.
55
Danger mitigation area
28
* * * Sex
Fifty-six
Don’t?Touch?
C.2？ According to the actual situation of occupational hazards in the workplace. In addition to the above basic warning statements, under special circumstances, you can make your own appropriate warning statements. Warning sentences can be used alone, in combination or as a complete sentence.
19 appendix d (normative appendix) notification card for occupational hazards of toxic substances in the workplace 19. 1 D. 1? Content and explanation: the bulletin board is a warning set in a conspicuous position in the post where toxic substances are used. It uses simple graphics and words to inform workers of the dangers of toxic substances exposed in their posts and remind them to take corresponding preventive and treatment measures. The notice card includes the general notice column of toxic substances, the name of toxic substances, health hazards, warning signs, explanation signs, emergency treatment and physical and chemical characteristics.
D. 1. 1？ General prompt bar
On the top column of the notice board, the words "Toxic substances are harmful to human body, please pay attention to protection" are marked in white on a red background as a general reminder.
D. 1.2？ Name of toxic substance
Mark the names of toxic substances in Chinese. The name should be eye-catching and clear, located at the upper left of the notice card, and English name should be provided if possible.
D. 1.3？ health hazard
Briefly describe the harmful consequences of occupational hazards on human health, including acute, chronic and special hazards. This item is located in the middle and upper part of the notification card.
D. 1.4？ warning signal
Right below the name, set the corresponding warning statement or warning sign. When there are multiple dangers, multiple warning signs or warning statements can be set.
D. 1.5？ Emergency treatment
Briefly describe the emergency treatment and preventive measures in case of acute poisoning.
D. 1.6？ Instruction recognition
Use warning statements or instructions to determine the protective measures that should be taken against occupational hazards.
D. 1.7？ Physical and chemical characteristics
The physical and chemical characteristics, combustion and explosion hazards of toxic substances are briefly described.
D. 1.8？ Rescue call
In case of accidental leakage or other possible occupational hazards, set up an emergency call for help so as to organize corresponding forces to carry out rescue work.
D. 1.9？ Occupational health consultation telephone number
Set up a consultation telephone for workers to provide knowledge and advice on occupational hazard prevention.
19.2 D.2？ Example of occupational hazards notification card for toxic substances operation post