Regarding the content of mental health, mental health is the most important health. Health is not only the absence of disease, but also mental health, good social adaptation and morality. Let's take a look at the content of mental health together, hoping to help you.
About mental health 1 The common psychological problems of primary school students mainly include inferiority, rebellious psychology, loneliness, jealousy, egoism, weariness of learning, puppy love, infatuation with the Internet, idolization, test anxiety, emotional problems, poor academic performance, cheating in exams, etc.
The causes of common psychological problems of primary school students mainly include family factors, social factors, school factors and students themselves. The countermeasures to eliminate the common psychological problems of primary school students mainly include: paying attention to the psychological balance in primary school students' study; Enhance self-understanding and cultivate pupils' attitude of self-acceptance; Establish good interpersonal relationships and cultivate a sound emotional life for primary school students;
Establish a harmonious teacher-student relationship and class environment; Provide special lectures; Keep correspondence; Change the concept of education and create a good atmosphere for educating people; Establish the operation mode of mental health education; Optimize the social environment and create a good environment for the healthy growth of primary school students;
Organize parent schools, popularize the knowledge of mental health education and improve the quality of parent education; Improve teachers' psychological consultation ability and quality; Take various forms to carry out mental health education; Optimize the curriculum structure and so on.
1 1 to 18 This age group is generally the middle school stage, which is the most intense period of physical and psychological development in adolescence, the most passionate, romantic, creative, least conservative and most active. This is a transitional period from naivety to maturity, from dependence to independence, and it is also a "dream season" full of fantasy and curiosity about life, society and the future.
Some foreign scholars describe this stage as "a period of turbulence, contradiction, turbulence and storm". Pupils in this period are in a special period of individual development, which is a prone period and a frequent period of psychological dysfunction. With the joy of growth, the distress of life, the pressure of study and the attraction of emotions, all kinds of feelings are intertwined, and the young mind becomes very sensitive and impulsive. Teenagers in the flower season have both the joy of blooming and the sadness of falling. They are eager for friendship, understanding and freedom. Sometimes too much desire can easily lead to a series of psychological problems. Common psychological problems of primary school students are as follows:
1, inferiority complex
Inferiority refers to making a low evaluation of one's own quality and ability and feeling inferior to others' psychological feelings. A proper sense of inferiority can motivate you to make up for your own shortcomings and surpass yourself; However, excessive inferiority will lead to depression and seriously affect our physical and mental health.
Some primary school students often make mistakes because of poor academic performance, so whether at home or at school, they criticize more than praise, blame more than encouragement, and punish more than guidance. So I thought I was hopeless, felt inferior, and became disheartened, depressed, self-destructive and negative. Form the inferiority complex of "I am inferior to others".
2. rebellious psychology
The so-called rebellious psychology refers to the opposing emotions and behavioral intentions that are contrary to cognitive information and general normal education requirements due to the inherent traditional stereotypes and thinking patterns in the process of receiving education.
Many primary school students often can't treat their parents' pains and teachers' criticism and education correctly because of their poor ability to distinguish right from wrong and their doubts. They doubt everything, are supercilious, hold a negative attitude towards positive propaganda, deny role models and advanced figures for no reason, have emotional identification with bad tendencies, and passively resist ideological education and compliance with rules and regulations.
Step 3 be lonely
People are gregarious animals, and people can't live without groups and interpersonal communication. Loneliness is a subjective psychological feeling that you are excluded, forgotten and psychologically isolated from the world. Loneliness is a psychological state of loneliness, helplessness and unhappiness produced by individuals in groups. Loneliness is the result of lack of communication with people, and it is also a psychological problem that it is difficult to communicate well with people.
Many primary school students are withdrawn and afraid of communication, and often feel that they are alone in the vast sea, or feel sorry for themselves, or groan without illness. They don't want to enter the hot life, but complain that others don't understand and accept themselves. Some primary school students seldom associate with others, often act alone behind everyone's back and rarely talk. Their interpersonal relationship is alienated and diluted, and they advocate being "superman" and "eccentric". They feel lonely inside.
4. Jealousy
Jealousy is a social psychology and consciousness. Some people describe jealousy as a fundamental, common and intense psychological phenomenon. Psychologists define jealousy as a targeted feeling, a tendency to look at the happiness of others with pain.
When the current and expected relationship is threatened, it is a ambivalence of jealousy and hostility. In middle school, some students' beautiful appearance, excellent academic performance, superior family conditions and being loved by teachers often arouse the envy of others. The more they care about and attach importance to the object of jealousy, the more vulnerable they are to despair and fear, and then develop into some bad emotions such as hatred, hostility, resentment and revenge.
5. Self-centered mentality
Some primary school students are only addicted to self-realization and personal struggle, and can take themselves as the core everywhere. When they encounter something slightly unsatisfactory, they will break into a furious rage, eat hard, or haggle over every ounce if they violate a little personal interests, be insensitive to the collective and be indifferent to society.
In doing things, only others care about him (her), and he (she) never cares about others. Once his personal desires are not satisfied, he will try his best to harm others and social interests, and even embark on the road of crime.
Step 6 be tired of learning
Weariness refers to students' psychological state of losing interest in school life, boredom and indifference, and their bad performance in action. The survey shows that the number of students who are tired of learning is as high as 50. 14%, and the highest is 66. 18% in senior two. They are characterized by lack of motivation to learn, boredom, loss of self-confidence, low desire to learn, and even loss of interest in learning. They regard learning as a chore, are too lazy to open textbooks in class, can't finish their homework independently, and hope to graduate early and get rid of it.
What's more, they don't study at all, they get headaches when they see textbooks, worry when they sit in the classroom, often arrive late and leave early, skip classes, lack affection for teachers, and some students eventually drop out of school.
7. Puppy love problem
The so-called puppy love refers to the premature occurrence or development of love between primary school students. There are roughly two bases for judging whether puppy love is possible: one is the degree of self-reliance in life; The second is the difference between the age of love and the legal minimum age for marriage. Puppy love is a common phenomenon in adolescence. With the development of the body and the maturity of the reproductive system, primary school students will have psychological curiosity and yearning for the opposite sex, and it is easy for boys and girls to have a hazy affection.
Coupled with the help of pop songs, romance novels and film and television media, it is a ripening agent for the sexual psychological development of primary school students. In addition, parents and teachers' criticism and supervision of students are too strict, which makes students have a strong rebellious mentality and makes students fall into the misunderstanding of puppy love more easily.
8, obsessed with network problems
With the development of society, more and more networks have entered our lives. The network brings us a lot of convenience, but it also brings us many disadvantages. For example, primary school students are obsessed with the internet. Some primary school students have poor self-control ability, and once they enter the network, they can't get out, and they will be obsessed with the network.
For example, a cousin of mine fell in love with the Internet when he was a freshman. He stayed in the Internet cafe for several days and nights. The school couldn't find him, so he informed his family. Later, I found him in a hidden Internet cafe. He went straight to the Internet cafe and finally had to drop out of school.
9. The problem of "idolization"
When the colorful lights are reflected on the screen and on the stage in the youthful and energetic singers, dancers, movie stars, sports stars, writers and other successful figures, a pair of heartfelt worship eyes are also closely following these "star-level" figures, which has also become one of the cultural phenomena of primary school students-the emergence of "star fans" and the rise of "youth idol fever".
The phenomenon of idolization of primary school students is very obvious in the first grade of junior high school. I once worked as an intern in the first grade of junior high school in our town. After class, I chatted with my classmates, who surrounded me and asked me which singer and comedian I liked.
10, test anxiety
Examination anxiety is a very complicated emotional phenomenon. It is a common psychological phenomenon, which is caused by a certain examination situation, characterized by anxiety, manifested as defense or escape, and restricted by individual cognitive evaluation, personality factors and other physical and mental factors.
The performance is: I feel nervous when I hear that I will have an exam, I can't sleep well before the exam, I feel nervous, flustered and my memory is stuck during the exam. Some students who usually study well panic when they get to the exam and can't play their due level. The survey shows that about 1 1. 18% of primary school students have obvious anxiety symptoms about exams. Serious test anxiety not only does great harm to learning, but also poses a potential threat to the physical and mental health of primary school students.
1 1, emotional problems
The performance is as follows: primary school students have rich and strong emotions, but their emotions are volatile, unstable and impulsive. They are often not good at regulating and controlling their emotions. Sometimes, they may be emotional because of a small matter, or they may be depressed because of a small matter. The changeable mood often makes it difficult for them to concentrate on everything, and their study and life are disturbed. The laissez-faire mood often affects the friendship and unity between classmates.
Pupils are easily captured by bad emotions because of their great emotional fluctuation and weak self-control, which affects their psychological state, hinders their enterprising spirit and even violates school rules and regulations. Alice, an American psychologist, believes that people have unpleasant emotions because they have many unreasonable beliefs about things. What makes us unhappy is often not the event itself, but our unreasonable view of the event.
12, poor academic performance
The phenomenon of poor academic performance is very common in schools. Its essence is that students' academic performance cannot meet the basic requirements of teaching, and there is still a gap between them. Generally speaking, students with poor grades are obviously poor in learning. This kind of students is what we often call "underachievers", also called "underachievers". It is an indisputable fact to attach importance to grades in the learning process. Learning should not be a painful thing. Student days are the golden age of learning knowledge. Why are students so miserable?
We have to regard learning as a competition to get scores simply by evaluating the results of learning. In this competition, most students are doomed to be losers, which makes students feel that learning is painful and thus loses their interest in learning, which can't help but make people sad. Students with poor grades are the most sensitive inside. Some unconscious behaviors and unintentional words of teachers, parents and classmates will hurt their self-esteem.
The content of mental health. Four psychological needs and three changes of primary school students
(A) the "weak" of primary school students
Students' actual knowledge level can not be combined with the starting point of new knowledge, or teaching and learning can not understand each other.
(B) the "needs" of primary school students
1, love and adult care needs. For "psychological weaning" pupils, it needs the care and love of adults (teachers and parents) to change from relying on adult education to engaging in various activities independently. Without adult love, students will feel inferior and insecure when they are worried about losing adult love.
2. Self-esteem and the need to be respected by others. Children of this age are particularly concerned about what others think of him.
3. The need for autonomy and independence. Children who enter adolescence have a sense of adulthood. They no longer think that what their parents and teachers say is correct like primary school students. They ask teachers to guide themselves in study and cultivate their autonomy in life.
4, the need for knowledge and academic performance. Learning is the leading activity of primary school students, and its situation will affect other activities. Getting good grades in their studies is their greatest need.
(C) the "change" of primary school students
1, with more emphasis on competition. Especially the competition in learning.
The polarization is becoming more and more serious, so some students are tired of learning.
3. Physical and psychological changes.
Students' "bad psychology"
1, rebellious psychology-this is a psychological "opposition" against the role of education.
2, hegemonic psychology-this is a kind of abnormal psychology to show yourself.
3. Curiosity psychology-this is a kind of psychology with uncoordinated development of physiology and thinking.
The manifestations are: alienation of curiosity, abnormal curiosity, over-worship of idols in the heart and mystery of the opposite sex.
4, * psychology-this is a morbid psychology after vanity is damaged.
5, imitation psychology-this is a concrete manifestation of psychological immaturity. For example, imitating fights, robbery and murder, and falling in love in film and television dramas.
(5) the performance of outstanding pupils
1. Knowledge and skills: Have solid basic knowledge and skills, and be able to properly apply the basic knowledge learned to solve specific problems.
2, concentration: not easily distracted, can concentrate on solving a problem in sufficient time.
3. Love learning: I like to discuss problems and do homework, and I am willing to deal with problems, homework and arguments.
4, emotional stability: always maintain self-confidence, happiness and serenity, have a sense of humor, can adapt to daily changes, not angry.
5. Caring for the collective: willing to participate in various collective activities, help others, get along well with others, and not criticize others.
6. Wide interests: I am interested in all kinds of knowledge and activities. I like art, calligraphy, reading, math, sports and social knowledge.
7. Persistence: Take the assigned task as an important goal and work hard to complete it.
8, good at oral expression: can use a lot of words to express a thing or an idea.
Content 3 About mental health What is mental health?
People are a whole, and human health includes physical health and mental health. Physical health means that the human body conforms to the normal physiological phenomenon of human beings, that is, we usually say that there is no disease. Mental health is a person's cognition, emotion, emotion and will, needs and motivation; The internal relationship between ability and personality is harmonious, and the psychological content is unified with the objective reality, which can promote the balance of the internal and external environment of the human body and the state of individuals adapting to the social environment, so as to continuously develop a sound personality, improve the quality of life, and maintain exuberant energy and happy emotions.
Mental health defines mental health from the perspective of psychology, and its basic standards are:
1, with a basic sense of self-security; 2. Be able to know yourself well and properly evaluate your abilities; 3. The ideal life is practical; 4, not divorced from the surrounding real environment; 5, can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality; 6. Be good at learning from experience; 7. Be able to maintain good interpersonal relationships; 8. Be able to vent and control emotions moderately; 9, under the premise of meeting the requirements of the group, can properly meet the basic requirements of individuals.
The way to get rid of melancholy:
1, don't make excuses for yourself;
2. Give yourself more love;
3. distract your attention;
4. Change your behavior;
5. Get out of melancholy and create a "three-person space";
6. Know your limits;
7. Find an oasis of mind-relax and meditate to get peace of mind and body;
8. Believe in yourself and others;
9. Plan some positive and beneficial activities to deal with boring life;
10, tell your friends about your troubles;
1 1, see the bright side of things-tolerance, self-mockery and "happiness therapy";
12, which decomposes complex problems into simple ones;
13, try your best to finish one thing;
14, exercise is the basis of self-help.
How do primary school students keep mental health?
1, consciously learn psychological knowledge and seek mental health medicine;
2. Don't ask too much of yourself, set moderate goals and develop a "normal heart";
Don't expect too much from others, lest you be disappointed.
Don't blindly compete with other students everywhere, so as not to be overly nervous. 5. Actively participate in collective activities and expand social contacts. 6. Strengthen will exercise and maintain an optimistic "positive mood".
Basic standards of mental health of primary school students
1, in good health and normal intelligence. Physical health and normal intelligence are one of the most important standards to measure mental health, and they are also the basic conditions for normal life and work.
2. Complete personality and good consciousness. Mentally healthy pupils are frank in character, consistent in words and deeds, love life, have a wide range of interests, have a good sense of self, respect others, and are good at adjusting their words and deeds to make their personality and emotions conform to age characteristics.
3. Be willing to communicate and be good at making friends. Have good interpersonal relationships, be good at making intimate friends, communicate with friends, get along well, treat contradictions and differences correctly and properly, and have the desire and behavior to help others.
4. Emotionally stable, optimistic and cheerful. Emotion is the thermometer of mental health; Optimism can make people feel happy. If you maintain a relatively optimistic and stable mood, you can be positive, modest and prudent in prosperity, persevere in adversity and overcome difficulties.
5. pursue something and make progress. Can establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, have ideals, beliefs and pursuits, dare to face reality and take responsibility.