Health and nutrition

Seven things: rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea. It can be seen that people can't live without the word "eat" every day. Moreover, everyone needs to eat to maintain the whole life process from birth to old age. So dietary nutrition means the construction of life. Human beings have the most basic needs for dietary nutrition: (1) to provide heat, maintain body temperature and meet the needs of physiological activities, work and life. (2) Construct human tissues, supply materials needed for growth, development, tissue synthesis and decomposition, and create conditions for making body fluids, hormones, immune antibodies, etc. (3) Keep the functions of various organs of the human body running well, and ensure the coordination of work among various parts. Through long-term practice and exploration, people realize that its nutritional function is realized through its nutritional components, which are called nutrients. There are nearly 50 kinds of essential nutrients needed by human body, which are usually divided into seven categories, namely: protein, carbohydrates (also known as sugars), inorganic salts (also known as minerals, including macroelements and trace elements with contents less than 50 parts per million of human body weight), water and dietary fiber. It is found that no natural food can meet all kinds of nutrients needed by human body, and no single nutrient can have comprehensive nutritional functions. For example, the nutrition of dairy products and eggs can be described as "rich", but the lack of iron in milk and eggs will inevitably lead to the regret of "insufficient gold content"; Fat is a kind of food that can provide high calories, and each gram of fat can provide 37.6 kilojoules of calories, but the high intake of dietary fat is directly proportional to the incidence of atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. Therefore, eating only one kind of food, no matter how high its nutritional value, can not meet the overall needs of human function, let alone maintain human health. In order to ensure physical fitness and improve the functions of various tissues, we humans only have to ensure that we eat a variety of foods and "eat" scientifically and reasonably, that is, we must have enough calories, but we must avoid excess; The types of nutrients should be complete, the proportion should be appropriate, and the diet should be regular. You should not be hungry and overeating, and you should be in the right amount on time. The key to scientific and reasonable nutrition lies in comprehensiveness, balance and moderation. Because (including undernutrition or overnutrition), its consequences are hidden, slow but serious, such as nutritional deficiency, which can cause,