Primary teeth, commonly known as primary teeth, ***20. It usually begins in the second month of the embryo and breaks out about 6 months after birth, all of which break out at about 2 and a half years old.
Before the age of 0 ~ 6, the mouth was full of deciduous teeth, which was medically called deciduous dentition. About 6 ~ 12 years old, there are both deciduous teeth and permanent teeth in the mouth, which is medically called mixed dentition. /kloc-after 0/2 years old, the mouth is full of permanent teeth, which is medically called permanent dentition.
There are 28 or 32 permanent teeth, which erupt from the fifth month of embryo and around 6 years old. Then deciduous teeth fall off one after another according to a certain order and age and are replaced by permanent teeth. Except the third molar, all deciduous teeth can fall off at the age of 13 ~ 14, and all permanent teeth are flush. The eruption age of the third molar 18 ~ 25. The number of eruption of the third molar, also known as wisdom teeth, varies from a few (28 teeth in the whole mouth) to a majority (32 teeth in the whole mouth) with four teeth.
According to the different functions of teeth, their shapes are also different. Some mainly cut food, called tooth cutting. Some mainly tear food, called fangs (commonly known as tiger teeth); Some mainly grind food, called grinding teeth. Among the 28 ~ 32 permanent teeth, there are 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars and 8 ~ 12 molars.
Tooth function
The role of teeth is enormous.
First of all, food must be cut off and ground with teeth before swallowing. If the chewing of teeth is affected by diseases, it will often lead to digestive dysfunction and even digestive system diseases.
Secondly, teeth have the function of assisting pronunciation. There are many sounds, such as tongue-teeth sounds and lip-teeth sounds, which need the help of teeth to pronounce correctly. For example, when you have dental diseases or dentures or dentures are repaired, it often affects the correct pronunciation.
Furthermore, teeth are very important for facial beauty. Having white and healthy teeth not only makes people laugh, but also makes others happy. If the teeth are uneven, or the pain caused by dental caries is unbearable, or accompanied by other oral diseases, it will not only affect the appearance, but also cause psychological burden and lead to psychological obstacles. Both children and the elderly should put oral hygiene on the agenda, so that healthy teeth can accompany them for life.
What kind of people should wash their teeth?
Dental cleaning refers to the stomatology department of stomatological hospital or general hospital, where professional dentists use professional equipment to remove plaque, pigment, tartar and tartar from the tooth surface. Medical advice, you should go to a regular hospital to wash your teeth in the following situations.
(1) People with healthy periodontal tissues should go to a regular hospital for tooth cleaning once every six months to 1 year to prevent periodontal disease.
(2) Periodontal diseases, such as bleeding from brushing teeth, swollen gums, etc., should be treated in regular hospitals at any time. Doctors will treat patients with tooth washing according to their different conditions. In order to ensure the curative effect and prevent the recurrence of the disease, patients with periodontal disease after treatment should return to the clinic regularly for periodontal maintenance treatment, including tooth cleaning.
(3) Women who are going to give birth to a baby should go to the stomatological hospital or the stomatology department of a general hospital to check their oral conditions before pregnancy, and decide whether they need to clean their teeth according to the inspection to ensure the oral and periodontal health during pregnancy.
(4) Before and during orthodontics, you should go to the oral periodontal department to check the periodontal condition and decide whether it is necessary to clean your teeth.
(5) Before the restoration work, it is necessary to check the periodontal condition in the oral periodontal department to decide whether periodontal treatment such as cleaning is needed to ensure the normal use of dentures, which is also a necessary measure to maintain periodontal health.
(6) Diabetic patients often have symptoms such as bleeding gums, swollen gums and loose teeth. As the whole body resistance decreases. So they also have to go to the hospital for oral examination, tooth cleaning and other periodontal treatment.
(Tang Chuhua, 306th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army)
The little black spots on the teeth are terrible.
Healthy teeth, white or yellowish crown and smooth tooth surface. If it is not cleaned properly, small black spots will appear on the teeth. One is tooth stains, which are difficult to clean; One is deep or shallow tooth decay. That's how teeth are eroded:
1. At the beginning, the little black spots were like this-shallow caries.
Caries are only in the enamel, generally there is no obvious cavity, except for the visible small black spots, and there is no feeling at all. Tooth decay was originally a small hole made by bacteria. If it is found to be black, it will save a lot of trouble to do medication or tooth filling treatment in time.
A tooth has three layers, the outermost layer is enamel, which is the hardest; In the middle is dentin, which can feel pain; The innermost part is the tooth nerve.
2, the small black spots become bigger-middle caries
In the middle caries stage, the caries has reached the superficial dentin, and there are obvious cavities in clinical examination. When teeth are stimulated by cold, hot, sweet and sour, they will feel sore, the stimulation will disappear and the symptoms will disappear immediately. In the middle period of dental caries, it is necessary to fill the teeth in time.
3. Black spots form black holes-deep caries.
Dental caries has penetrated into dentin, which is generally characterized by large and deep cavities and obvious pain in teeth. Drinking water to eat, as long as you touch your teeth, it will hurt to death. Even without stimulation, the pain will last for a while before it disappears. At this time, if the filling treatment is done, there is still time to preserve the pulp.
4. Dental pulp tissue invasion-pulpitis
The infection source of pulpitis mainly comes from deep caries, and pulp infection can also cause root tip infection through apical foramen, mainly manifested as irritating pain. The effect of general analgesic drugs is not obvious, and the pain cannot be located. In the later stage, it can develop into pulp gangrene, and root canal therapy is the main treatment.
5. Invasion of root-apical periodontitis
In the late stage of pulpitis, most or all pulp tissues will be necrotic, or there will be bacterial infection, which will cause periapical tissue inflammation.
At this time, occlusal pain is the main symptom of periapical periodontitis, which will aggravate the tooth condition for a long time, such as aggravated pain and persistent pulsating pain, which may include tooth loosening, root mucosa redness and tenderness. At this time, you need to go to a regular stomatological hospital to treat your teeth.
6. Finally, the small black spots disappeared because the crowns were corroded.
When the teeth are left with residual crowns and roots, there may be a possibility of saving them. This is the last chance to save the teeth. As far as the current medical technology is concerned, post-crown restoration after root canal treatment can well preserve residual crowns and roots.
7. In the end, you can only pull it out.
At this point, the teeth will really leave you, and you can only choose dental implants.
How to effectively prevent the formation of small black spots?
Prevention is better than cure, and avoiding the appearance of small black spots is the most thorough treatment. The pit and fissure sealing in childhood and regular tooth cleaning in adulthood can effectively prevent dental caries.
(PLA No.272 Hospital)
You have to brush your teeth when you lose them.
In recent years, the Department of Stomatology of the 302nd Hospital of the People's Liberation Army has received many patients with gingivitis without teeth, mainly elderly people or diabetic patients whose teeth are easy to fall off. They all have the same habit: they don't brush their teeth, thinking, "Why don't they wash their dentures?" Experts say, even if your teeth fall out, you should stick to "brushing your teeth".
Li Yabin, director of the Department of Stomatology, 302 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, pointed out that we usually brush our teeth, in fact, not only to clean the surface of our teeth, but the whole oral environment. Although the tooth has been lost, the mucosa, gums and alveoli are still there. Periodontal pathogens are widely distributed in oral mucosa, saliva and gingival surface. Therefore, even if there are not many teeth left, the whole mouth should be cleaned on time to inhibit the reproduction and spread of periodontal pathogens.
Especially when people are old, the oral environment is fragile, and the immunity of the elderly is reduced, all kinds of pathogenic bacteria are more likely to breed, and oral diseases such as periodontitis and gingivitis are more likely to be induced. Moreover, oral pathogens are very unfavorable to people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes. Once they enter various organs with blood, they may induce heart and kidney diseases and even affect the stability of blood sugar. In addition, the latest research shows that Helicobacter pylori may also enter the esophagus from the mouth, causing a variety of gastrointestinal diseases.
Not only that, once the gingival alveoli are damaged, it will also affect the wearing and service life of dentures. "Many elderly people who come to implant and insert teeth have absorbed (shrunk) their alveolar bones, and they can't implant teeth or wear dentures at all." Li Yabin said that if you can't even wear dentures, the elderly will be affected in eating and chewing, and their health and mood will be worse.