Pneumoconiosis can be divided into inorganic pneumoconiosis and organic pneumoconiosis according to the types of inhaled dust. Pneumoconiosis caused by inhaling inorganic dust in production labor is called inorganic pneumoconiosis.
Most pneumoconiosis is inorganic pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis caused by inhaling organic dust is called organic pneumoconiosis, such as cotton pneumoconiosis and farmer's lung.
Hazards of pneumoconiosis:
1, cough
The cough of pneumoconiosis patients in the early stage is not obvious, but with the progress of the disease, patients often have chronic bronchitis, and patients in the late stage often have lung infection, which can obviously aggravate the cough. Cough is related to season, climate, etc.
2, expectoration
Expectoration is mainly caused by the continuous removal of dust by the respiratory system. Generally, the amount of expectoration is not much, mostly gray and thin sputum. If complicated with pulmonary infection and chronic bronchitis, the amount of sputum is obviously increased, and the sputum is yellow, sticky or lumpy, which is often difficult to cough up.
3, chest pain
Pneumoconiosis patients often feel chest pain, and chest pain has no correlation or parallel relationship with the clinical manifestations of pneumoconiosis. Different parts, and often change, are mostly limited. Generally, it is dull pain, but also swelling pain, needle prick pain and so on.
4, difficulty breathing
With the aggravation of pulmonary fibrosis, the effective breathing area decreases, the ventilation/blood flow ratio is unbalanced, and the dyspnea becomes more and more serious. The occurrence of complications can obviously aggravate the degree and development speed of dyspnea.
5, hemoptysis
Rare, but long-term chronic inflammation of respiratory tract can cause mucosal vascular damage, with a small amount of bloodshot in sputum; It may also increase hemoptysis due to the dissolution and rupture of large fibrotic lesions and the damage to blood vessels.
6. Others
In addition to the above respiratory symptoms, there may be different degrees of systemic symptoms, and digestive system dysfunction is common.
Extended data:
Methods to prevent pneumoconiosis:
1, technological transformation and production equipment innovation are the main ways to eliminate dust hazards.
2. Wet operation: timely wet grinding of refractories, wet drilling in mines, underground transportation and water spraying.
3. Sealed ventilation and dust removal: For places where wet operation cannot be carried out, sealed ventilation and dust removal should be adopted to prevent dust from flying.
4. Health examination of workers exposed to dust: including pre-job and regular health examination, and dust removal inspection should also be done when leaving dust.
5. Personal protection: Wear dust-proof protective gear, such as dust-proof helmet, air supply helmet and air supply mask.
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