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Below I will share with you the importance of student nutrition standards. Welcome to read!
The Importance of Nutritional Diet for Primary and Secondary School Students Part One: Primary and secondary school students are in their adolescence, that is, 17~ 18 years old, which is an important period for physical and intellectual development, as well as for the formation of behavior and lifestyle. Personal eating behavior is also developed and formed in this period. The eating behavior of children and adolescents will last not only into adulthood, but also for life.
Dietary behavior can not only affect the current health of children and adolescents, but also affect their health after adulthood, even for life. The nutritional status of primary and secondary school students is a very noteworthy issue. Overweight or insufficient dietary nutrition intake in this period is closely related to the morbidity and mortality in adulthood.
Physiological characteristics of primary and secondary school students: Primary and secondary school students are one of the biggest stages of life change, with rapid physical and intellectual development and rapid growth in height and weight. The function of each organ has different physiological characteristics from that of adults. Primary and secondary school students have poor self-control and different nutritional needs from adults, so they need special care. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the physiological characteristics of primary and secondary school students.
Section 1 Physiological Characteristics of Pupils Pupils refer to children who enter primary schools at the age of 6~ 12, also known as school-age children. Childhood refers to this period of life. Its physiological characteristics are rapid growth, and it can gain 2~2 weight every year. 5 kg, the height can be increased by 4. 0~ 7。 5 cm, reaching the late stage of the first stage, the height growth is particularly obvious, and the ability of independent living is gradually enhanced, but the organs and tissues are far less mature than adults. In the primary school stage, people's nervous system development is basically completed, and their analytical and comprehensive abilities are obviously enhanced, which makes their behavior more purposeful, more conscious, more imitative, with a certain emotional color, and their intellectual development has made significant progress compared with preschool. However, compared with adults, brain cells are still fragile, so too much and too long mental activity is easy to cause fatigue, lack of persistence in learning and weak self-control ability. Bones and Muscles The bones of primary school students are elastic and hard. With the increase of age, the calcium in bones is constantly deposited, and the hardness of bones is gradually increasing. Insufficient calcium supply in food during this period will affect bone maturity and body growth. Children begin to change their teeth at the age of 6-7, and calcium deficiency will also affect the development of permanent teeth. Pupils' muscle fibers are softer than those of adults, and there is more water in their muscles. Therefore, their energy storage is poor and their physical strength is far less than that of adults.
The esophagus of children with digestive function is obviously shorter and narrower than that of adults, with delicate mucosa, immature wall and easy damage. The gastric and intestinal mucosa are rich in blood vessels, with thin stomach wall, poor elasticity and weak gastric peristalsis. The number of gastric glands is small, the digestive juice secreted is small, and the acidity is low. Therefore, the ability to digest food is weak and the stomach capacity is small. The digestive ability gradually increases with age, and the digestive ability of children aged 12 is much greater than that of children aged 6. Immune function The immune function of human body is mainly determined by the number and activity of T cells in glands called thymus, and the immune function of primary school students is closely related to nutritional status. When protein is lacking in diet, the thymus becomes smaller and lighter, the number of T cells decreases, and the bactericidal ability of phagocytes decreases, which leads to low immune function and children are prone to acute infectious diseases. Other children have thin myocardial fibers and thin myocardial layers, but their metabolism is relatively stronger than that of adults, so their heart beats faster than that of adults. It is reported that the aorta of children aged 8- 10 can form atherosclerosis, so the prevention of hypertension should start from childhood. Children's lungs and trachea are delicate and vulnerable to pathogenic microorganisms, so they often suffer from colds and respiratory infections. Children's renal function development is not perfect, and the concentration and dilution ability of urine is much weaker than that of adults, so it is not appropriate to eat too much salty food. Thin bladder wall, poor urine storage function and frequent urination.
The Importance of Students' Nutritional Lunch Part II At present, there are still some problems in children's nutritional status. For example, the detection rate of iron deficiency anemia caused by iron deficiency still has a certain proportion, and calcium and vitamin A deficiency are more common. Although the level of children's growth and development has improved steadily in recent years, the prevalence of malnutrition has dropped significantly, but malnutrition is still an urgent problem to be solved in rural areas, especially in poor areas. On the other hand, the incidence of overweight and obesity caused by unbalanced diet and low activity has increased. Childhood obesity often leads to overweight and obesity in adulthood, which increases the prevalence of various chronic diseases.
These problems can be solved by health education, nutrition knowledge education, diet adjustment and reasonable arrangement. Lunch is the main meal for young students in a day. In the morning, the body consumes a lot of energy and various nutrients, which need to be supplemented urgently. Prepare for the afternoon study and activities through lunch. The energy and various nutrients provided by lunch should reach 40% of the recommended daily amount. Cooking a nutritious lunch for students can ensure more than one-third of the nutrition in a day. At present, there are several forms of lunch for primary and middle school students: going home to eat, eating in the school cafeteria, the factory focusing on producing lunch boxes for students, buying fast food at street stalls, and even some buying snacks to satisfy their hunger. In this case, it is difficult to guarantee hygiene, let alone nutrition.
School-age children, especially teenagers, grow rapidly. Eating enough nutrition at noon has a great influence on their growth, disease prevention and psychological development. It is precisely because lunch is of great significance to the health of primary and secondary school students that many countries in the world, including developed and developing countries, provide nutritious lunches for students in schools. In the past 20 years, the Chinese government and relevant departments have attached great importance to the problem of students' lunch, and various measures have been taken to solve the problem of primary and secondary school students' lunch according to local conditions. The leaders of the Central Committee and Beijing Municipality have special instructions on students' nutritious lunch, which Beijing Municipality has listed as one of the more than 50 important tasks of the municipal government throughout the year.
Nutritional lunch for students means that the production unit provides students with safe and hygienic meals with good color, flavor and nutrition standards under strict sanitary disinfection conditions and in accordance with the requirements of balanced diet. How can lunch be considered nutritious? Mainly to provide a balanced diet. Lunch includes cereals that mainly provide energy, B vitamins and dietary fiber, meat, poultry, fish, eggs and milk that mainly provide high-quality protein, calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A, and vegetables that mainly provide vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, at least half of which should be green leafy vegetables, and also include beans and bean products that contain protein and are rich in minerals. The so-called balanced diet requires that the nutrients provided by lunch reach its reference intake 1/3~ 1/2, but on a weekly average, not every nutrient must meet the standard every day. For example, if the content of vitamin A in food ingredients in China is insufficient, eating animal liver 3~4 times a month can prevent vitamin A deficiency. The composition of lunch advocates the diversification of food. The food designed for students is ordinary daily food, which is cheap and easy to get, and can achieve nutritional effects without treasures.
The significance of students' nutritious lunch;
1. Ensure a balanced diet. All-round nutritious food can improve students' health and physique in the growing stage. Take the school lunch plan from 1955 to 1980 in Japan as an example. Average height of boys in grade six 1 1 year 1955 cm. Junior three students, male, 14 years old, their height increased from an average of 15 1.7 cm in 0955 to 163.0 cm in 0980, and their weight increased from 42.9 kg to 5 1.9 kg.
2. Help students cultivate the concept of a balanced diet, from which students can gain a lot of nutrition knowledge.
3. Help students overcome some bad eating habits formed before entering school, such as leftovers, leftovers, not eating staple food, picky eaters, partial eclipse and other bad habits of students can be improved.
4. protein's insufficient intake and unreasonable energy distribution are common among students, and eating at school can be reasonably solved.
5. Group dining, deepen the friendly relationship between teachers and students, exercise students' self-care ability, and cultivate the spirit of labor cooperation and serving the group.
The nutritional quality and eating habits that students get from school lunches can play a very important role in their family life and social life after graduation.
The Importance of Children's Nutrition Part III Among the factors affecting children's growth and development, genetic factors are difficult to control artificially, and many environmental factors are also impossible for individuals to change, such as environmental pollution and water quality. In contrast, maternal factors, nutrition and diseases are easier to control. Moreover, nutrition and disease interact: malnutrition will reduce immunity and increase the chances of children getting sick; Frequent illness will affect children's nutritional intake and aggravate malnutrition.
Childhood malnutrition is very harmful to children, mainly in the following three points:
Affect physical development
Malnutrition is the main reason that affects children's physical development, which leads to delayed growth, delayed bone ossification and delayed sexual maturity. Malnourished children are much lower in height and weight than their peers.
Affect neurological and psychological development.
Malnutrition will also affect children's intellectual development, affect neuropsychological development, and even permanently damage their intelligence.
Malnourished children will have decreased motor function, learning ability and intelligence, especially cognitive ability and abstract thinking ability, which are characterized by difficulties in learning, reading and writing, shortened concentration time, slow response, irritability, hyperactivity, distraction, poor interpersonal skills and emotional instability.
Affect the ability to work in adulthood.
Malnutrition affects the development of children's physique, intelligence and cognitive ability, leading to the decline of working ability in adulthood, which has a negative impact on personal quality of life and social economy.
Malnutrition in childhood will affect children's physical development, neurological and psychological development, and even affect their working ability in adulthood. Even if the nutrition is improved in the future, it is difficult to catch up with the physical and intellectual development level of children of the same age. The earlier the growth and development are damaged, the more serious the long-term consequences will be.
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