Date of promulgation: 20 12- 10-26.
Promulgated by: NPC Standing Committee
When explaining the draft mental health law to the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), Zhu Chen, Minister of Health of China, pointed out that mental health is not only a major global public health problem, but also a serious social problem. In China, mental illness ranks first in the total disease burden, accounting for about 20% of the total disease burden, and there are about160,000 patients with severe mental disorders.
In order to develop mental health undertakings, standardize mental health services and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of patients with mental disorders, the Mental Health Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) is formulated.
Legislative thinking:
First, pay equal attention to prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, reduce the occurrence of mental disorders, and improve the level of treatment and rehabilitation.
Second, by standardizing diagnosis and treatment activities, we should increase assistance to protect the legitimate rights and interests and personal dignity of patients with mental disorders.
Third, scientifically set up the involuntary hospitalization medical system, clarify the conditions and strict procedures, and strive to link up with international common practices to ensure that patients with mental disorders are not denied treatment because of poverty, that patients with serious mental disorders such as picking fights and making troubles do not harm themselves or harm society and others because of neglect of management, and that citizens who do not need hospitalization are not forced to be admitted because of lack of procedures and systems.
Fourth, rationally allocate the responsibilities of all parties and establish a mental health work mechanism suitable for China's national conditions and shared by the government, family and society; At the same time, we should link up with the existing legal system as far as possible, make full use of the existing mechanism and reduce the cost of system implementation.
File content (partial)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of developing mental health undertakings, standardizing mental health services and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of patients with mental disorders.
Article 2 This Law is applicable to the activities of maintaining and promoting citizens' mental health, preventing and treating mental diseases and promoting the rehabilitation of mental patients in People's Republic of China (PRC).
Article 3 Mental health work shall follow the principle of giving priority to prevention and adhere to the principle of combining prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
Article 4 The personal dignity and personal and property safety of patients with mental illness are inviolable.
The legitimate rights and interests of patients with mental disorders in education, labor, medical care and material assistance given by the state and society are protected by law.
The relevant units and individuals shall keep confidential information such as their names, portraits, addresses, work units and medical records that may infer their identity; However, unless it is necessary to disclose the performance of duties according to law.
Article 5 The whole society should respect, understand and care for patients with mental disorders.
No organization or individual may discriminate, insult or abuse patients with mental disorders, and may not illegally restrict the personal freedom of patients with mental disorders. News reports, literary and artistic works, etc. No content that discriminates against or insults patients with mental disorders.
Chapter II Promotion of Mental Health and Prevention of Mental Disorders
Thirteenth people's governments at all levels and the relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to strengthen the promotion of mental health and the prevention of mental disorders, and improve the level of public mental health.
Fifteenth employers should create a working environment conducive to the physical and mental health of employees, pay attention to the psychological health of employees; Mental health education should be given to employees who are in a specific period of career development or engaged in special posts.
Sixteenth schools at all levels should carry out mental health education for students; Equipped with or hired mental health education teachers and counselors, and can set up a mental health consulting room to carry out mental health education for students. Preschool education institutions should carry out mental health education in line with the characteristics of young children.
Teachers should learn and understand relevant mental health knowledge, pay attention to students' mental health, and guide and motivate students correctly. Education administrative departments and schools of local people's governments at all levels should attach importance to teachers' mental health.
Schools and teachers should communicate students' mental health problems with their parents or other guardians and close relatives.
Twenty-first family members should care about each other, create a good and harmonious family environment, and raise awareness of mental disorder prevention; If it is found that family members may suffer from mental disorders, they should be helped to see a doctor in time, take care of their lives and do a good job in nursing management.
Twenty-third psychological counselors should improve their professional quality, abide by professional norms, and provide professional psychological counseling services for the public.
2. National Mental Health Work Plan (20 15-2020)
Promulgated on 20 15-06- 18.
Promulgated by: National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central Comprehensive Management Office, Development and Reform Commission and other ten departments.
3. Guidance on strengthening mental health services
Release date: 20 16 12.30.
Release: 22 ministries and commissions including the National Health and Family Planning Commission jointly released it.
4 notice on printing and distributing the measures for the management and treatment of severe mental disorders.
(Version 20 18) Notice
Release date: 20 18-06-08
Issued by: National Health and Wellness Commission
Severe mental disorder refers to mental disorder accompanied by severe mental illness symptoms, which leads to serious damage to patients' social adaptation and other functions, and makes them unable to fully understand their own health status or objective reality, or to handle their own affairs.
In order to strengthen the discovery, treatment, management and service of patients with severe mental disorders, promote their rehabilitation and return to society, give full play to the role of health administrative departments at all levels, technical management institutions for mental health prevention, mental health medical institutions (including psychiatric/psychological departments of psychiatric hospitals and general hospitals, the same below) and grassroots medical and health institutions in the management and treatment of patients with severe mental disorders, clarify their respective responsibilities, tasks and work processes, and improve the prevention and treatment effect. According to the relevant requirements of the Mental Health Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the National Mental Health Work Plan (20 15-2020), this work specification is formulated.
The clients of this specification are diagnosed patients with six kinds of serious mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, paranoid psychosis, bipolar disorder, mental disorder caused by epilepsy, mental retardation and mental disorder. Patients who meet the conditions in Item 2, Paragraph 2, Article 30 of the Mental Health Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and are diagnosed as having severe mental disorders are not limited to the above six diseases.
6. 1 personnel
Social workers, psychological counseling, rehabilitation professionals and volunteers provide rehabilitation services for community rehabilitation patients under the guidance of professional and technical personnel.
Social skills training. The purpose is to improve patients' ability to actively communicate with others and participate in social activities. It can be carried out in community rehabilitation institutions or mental health medical institutions through role-playing and other simulated training methods. Including greeting, chatting, answering the phone, observing the appointment time, arranging leisure time reasonably, dealing with life conflicts, learning how to interview, etc.
Vocational rehabilitation training. The purpose is to improve patients' learning and working ability, including job adaptability training and vocational skills training. Inpatients are mainly trained in job adaptability. Patients at home should further develop simulated vocational skills training in rehabilitation institutions. Conditional areas can continue to carry out targeted and step-by-step practical training in protective and transitional employment places.
8. 1 public health promotion
Make full use of traditional media and various new media (radio, television, books, movies, animation, public service advertisements, websites, WeChat, Weibo, mobile phone clients, etc. ) carry out various forms of mental health publicity activities. Popularize "People's Republic of China (PRC) Mental Health Law" and mental health-related policies to enhance public understanding of mental health and mental health services; Promote mental health and mental health care knowledge, and improve self-psychological adjustment ability.
5 "National Social Psychological Service System Construction Pilot Work Plan"
Printing time: 201811.061.06.
Formulated by: National Health and Wellness Commission and other 10 ministries.
Before and after the release of these important documents, several important meetings were held to promote the release and implementation of these documents:
June 5438+1October1KLOC-0/China * * * The Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.
Pay attention to promoting people's psychological harmony, strengthen humanistic care and psychological counseling, and guide people to treat themselves, others and society correctly, and treat difficulties, setbacks and honors correctly. Strengthen mental health education and health care, improve the psychological consultation network, and shape a self-esteem, self-confidence, rational peace and positive social mentality.
20 12 1 1.8 The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China comprehensively improved citizens' moral quality, strengthened and improved ideological and political work, paid attention to humanistic care and psychological counseling, and cultivated a rational, peaceful and positive social mentality.
20 15 1 1.3
In the full text of the 13th Five-Year Plan, there are two references to psychological services:
(5) Strengthening and innovating social governance.
To strengthen the basic system of social governance, we need to improve the social psychological service system, guidance mechanism and crisis intervention mechanism.
(seven) to promote the construction of a healthy China.
Advocating a healthy lifestyle requires strengthening mental health services.