1, smoking, secondhand smoke
Lung cancer is a global health problem. 1950 proves for the first time that smoking is an important cause of lung cancer. This is probably a well-known attempt, but many people still have questions: Why do some cases of lung cancer get lung cancer because they have never smoked? In fact, smokers account for the vast majority of male lung cancer, and non-smokers account for the majority of female lung cancer. There are many kinds of lung cancer. Smoking-related lung cancer is mainly squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, while non-smoking-related lung cancer is mainly adenocarcinoma.
2, a lot of kitchen smoke
Cooking oil fume can cause nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer, bladder cancer and lung cancer, and some studies have found that chefs have a higher probability of lung cancer, and the probability of respiratory cancer is higher than other cancers. These results show that cooking oil fume contains mutagens and carcinogens.
Studies have shown that female patients with primary lung cancer have a long history of exposure to kitchen fumes, and the probability of developing lung cancer is almost equal between frequent contact with the kitchen and frequent smoking. Stir-frying and high-temperature frying are very common in China. The high-temperature lampblack produced by rapeseed oil, soybean oil and corn oil contains volatile substances, which are oxidized and pyrolyzed. Benzpyrene, butadiene and phenol in high-temperature oil fume have been proved to be mutagenic and carcinogenic, and the exposure of kitchen fume increases the risk of lung cancer.
The study also found that the higher the concentration of oil fume, the higher the carcinogen content. In the cooking process, the contact of oil fume with oxygen will produce lipid oxidation, and the oxidized lipid will combine with alveolar cells after entering the lungs, thus destroying the genes of lung cells or inducing cancer.
3, a large number of occupational exposure to dust
Occupational exposure to dust is considered as a risk factor for lung cancer, especially inhaled dust. Dust can induce the body to produce active molecules, break the balance of oxidation-oxidation system in the body, put tissues and cells in an oxidative stress state, cause DNA damage and chromosome abnormality, and thus lead to the formation of tumors.
It is found that occupational exposure to dust and poor ventilation in the workplace are high risk factors for female lung cancer. At the same time, after adjusting the influence of other influencing factors, the results of multivariate analysis show that they can still significantly increase the relative risk of lung cancer, and the relative risk is greater.
Some studies have pointed out the relationship between occupational exposure to dust and the risk of lung cancer, and also found that the risk of lung cancer increases in cases exposed to dust, mainly the risk of adenocarcinoma. Therefore, occupational unhealthy factors may be one of the important risk factors for female lung cancer in China.
Because lung cancer is a serious threat to people's health and life. In the past half century, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer have increased in many countries and regions in the world, especially in developed countries. Therefore, it is imperative to attach importance to the prevention of lung cancer and strictly control its risk factors. What should we do?
1. Make a feasible plan to quit smoking and turn unconscious smoking into conscious smoking. For example, make a list, the number of cigarettes smoked every day, the time and place of smoking, make a plan to reduce smoking every two or one day, and resolutely implement it, and consciously accept the supervision of family and friends, so that the number of cigarettes will be controlled.
At the same time, we should control the environment: throw away smoking utensils, such as lighters, ashtrays and cigarettes, and reduce the number of smokers? Reflexive, avoid the environment that makes you easy to smoke; Strive for the support and help of family, friends and colleagues;
In the process of quitting smoking, there may be many symptoms such as general malaise, dizziness, nausea and listlessness. Medically called it? Withdrawal syndrome? . At this time, you should know effective empathy skills, including speaking, meditation, slowly inhaling and exhaling, and counting from 1 to 10. Or use chewing gum, melon seeds, fruits, drinking water, smoking patches and so on instead of cigarettes. And cooperate with appropriate sports activities, such as walking, playing chess, doing exercises, playing Tai Chi, etc.
2. Use a range hood, control the smoke in the kitchen, pay attention to hygiene, change bad behaviors, strengthen food hygiene, do not eat barbecue food, and do physical exercise during the peak hours when there are many people and cars, so as to reduce the harm of air pollutants to human body.
3, reasonable diet and physical activity: diet should strengthen nutrition, food should be diversified and nutritious. Give priority to plant foods, eat more foods processed from protein, vegetables, fruits, beans and coarse grains, pay attention to food hygiene, avoid high-fat, low-vitamin and low-fiber diets, prevent food from mildew, and avoid excessively smoked and fried foods.