Case study of mental health
This paper mainly introduces a case about mental health in primary schools, hoping to inspire everyone. This is a real case of a third-grade primary school student's psychological condition changing seriously because his parents went to work in other places. Let's look at the specific situation.
Case study of mental health;
Basic information of the case:
Lin Lin, 10 years old, a junior three student. This student is in Grade One to Grade Two, and his academic performance is excellent. Since he entered the third grade, great changes have taken place and he has become a problem student. Reason: Linlin's parents went to Shenzhen to work last summer vacation. Because of their busy work, they never have time to go home to visit their son. Although Linlin, big and small, lived with her elderly grandmother, she didn't take care of Linlin's life and study like her parents because her grandmother's educational concept was backward.
Consultation methods and results:
1, eliminate hostility and build trust.
2, help to improve and enhance self-confidence.
(1) psychological counseling. In class, as long as Linlin reads in class, I will constantly encourage and praise him, which will enhance his active learning consciousness. Do a better job, build his self-confidence through praise, and let him have the will to pursue higher goals.
(2) tutoring homework. He hates doing homework, especially when he has a lot of homework. I will let him guide him alone, and when he writes correctly, I will definitely encourage him in time. He showed unusual seriousness and was much faster.
(3) Create a warm collective environment. Whenever Linlin makes a little progress, I will praise him in the whole class and make the whole class change their views and be willing to be friends with him. Let students pay more and more attention to his changes.
3. Communicate with parents. I have communicated with his parents many times and politely advised them to spend more time with their children. Linlin's parents took my advice and came back to visit Linlin. Linlin once again felt the care and warmth of his parents, and his personality returned to the past.
After several months' careful tutoring, Linlin has changed obviously, his academic performance has improved steadily, and his relationship with his classmates has been harmonious, and he has gradually integrated into the collective life.
Through the above case analysis of mental health, we can see how important it is for a pupil to be cared for by his parents. Therefore, we also hope that parents and friends can spare more time to care for and care for their children after work, so that their children can grow up healthily.
Children always threaten death! Experts, please help us. What should we do?
When it comes to homework, a 9-year-old boy will jump off a building!
"How did my dear son become like this?" The confused mother, Ms. Liu, turned to this newspaper for help.
"No move, my son is still fighting against the whole family."
Tao Tao (pseudonym) is in Grade Two in a primary school in Shenhe District, Shenyang. Before going to school, he was always a good boy in the eyes of his mother.
"My son was very obedient when he was a child, and his neighbors praised him!" Yesterday, Tao Tao's mother, Ms. Liu, said that the temperament of this good boy has changed a lot since she entered the second grade.
"I just don't do my homework, I can't even say it, and I won't be rewarded ... The teacher sent eight papers, didn't write a word, rolled them into a ball and threw them away ... The teacher thought he didn't have any papers, so he helped me copy them. As a result, when he saw the newspaper, his face flushed with anger.
"Ms. Liu said that her 9-year-old son is very smart and his academic performance is ok, but at school, he is recognized as a naughty child by teachers. He would rather go out and stand as punishment for not attending the lecture!
However, what Ms. Liu Can can't bear most is that the child often tries to die! "When I was asked to do my homework, I flew into a rage. I hit my head with a toy, killed myself with a kitchen knife, hit my head against the wall, ran to the window with anger, and jumped when I lifted my leg ..." Ms. Liu said that her son's behavior made her feel at a loss.
Ms. Liu also told reporters: "Because of study, my son was beaten a lot. Now I hit him, and he still dares to hit me, and he also contradicts his grandmother and scolds his father. It' s simply outrageous! "
Analysis: Children are closed-minded and eager to be cared for.
At 9 o'clock yesterday, the reporter accompanied Ms. Liu and Tao Tao to Shenyang Institute of Psychology.
Tao Tao told reporters that he spoke in class and he didn't like studying. When it comes to study, he feels uncomfortable. "But I can't. My dad always hits me. I write slowly is two lines faster than others, and he will hit me! "
During nearly half an hour's conversation, psychologists from Shenyang Institute of Psychology found that Tao Tao had a strong sense of self-protection! I don't want to speak my mind. The psychologist asked Tao Tao to draw two pictures on a blank piece of paper (one for himself, the other for people, houses and trees).
In the first painting, the reporter saw that Tao Tao painted the sun, the sea, seagulls, fish and butterflies. "This is a small fish. There are two sharks in the back. They want to eat it. At the back of the three small fish is to save ... "Tao Tao explained.
Through two pictures, the psychologist analyzed: "This child has many ideas and delicate thoughts. As can be seen from the picture, although he is sunny, his heart is closed! And hope to get care. "
Tip: Communicate with children in another way.
Through the communication with Tao Tao, the expert said: "The early growth environment leads to the behavior deviation of children!"
Psychologists have analyzed that in the process of educating children, teachers may sometimes inadvertently make children feel frustrated. And parents are eager to beat and scold their children and make unrealistic demands on them, which will also make them uninterested in anything and even rebellious.
"Children who want to jump off a building often want to demonstrate to their parents and worry them. Adults no longer ask too much, children's goals have been achieved, and they think they have found a way to win. " Experts said, "children of this age want to be independent and show themselves, but they lack the concept of right and wrong, and behavioral deviations will occur over time.
The expert gave Ms. Liu a trick: "Don't irritate the child easily, find the bright spot of the child and encourage him more." In addition, parents should communicate with teachers frequently, guide children to learn with interest, don't force him to do homework, and change a way that children can easily accept. " Experts also suggested that Tao Tao should do psychological counseling and behavior training to completely solve the problem of "inferiority complex".
The best attitude towards exams
The practice of many candidates shows that the best attitude to meet the exam is to shape and maintain a calm attitude without arrogance and rashness. Below, psychologists give five measures to help you adjust your mentality.
1. Evaluate your knowledge correctly. You can take out the previous papers, mainly by reading the wrong questions and judging what knowledge points you have mastered and what you can't learn in a short time. Only in this way can we know our level.
2. Expectations should be reasonable. According to your objective evaluation, determine a normal scoring standard and give a floating space of 20 points up and down as your allowable fluctuation range. Excessive expectations will aggravate your anxiety, which is not conducive to the normal play of the examination room. Low expectations will affect the excitement of your brain, which is not conducive to tapping your potential.
3. Let nature take its course. Tell myself, now, I just need to do my best. As for the exam results, we'll talk about them later. Focus on the current thing.
Review successful experiences, eliminate distractions and cultivate self-confidence. Self-confidence can awaken the individual's desire and motivation for success, and can give the individual a cool head and positive self-suggestion. Therefore, before the exam, it is helpful to consciously use past successful experiences to stimulate personal self-confidence.
Pay attention to the details and the answering process. In the process of examination, paying attention to the process and details of answering questions will help individuals ignore the changes of external environment and inner emotional experience, thus eliminating interference to the greatest extent and achieving super-quality play. Candidates should consciously train their ability to pay attention to details and processes one week before the exam.
How to get distracted in class?
In study, students are often absent-minded. For example, when the teacher is lecturing in class, some students secretly play with toys, or think about unfinished homework, the plot in movies and TV, and the fierce competition on the sports field. As a result, when the teacher asked him questions in class, he often stood up and answered irrelevant questions, which made him burst into laughter. You know, attention is the "guardian" of the mind. Students are distracted in class, which is equivalent to paying attention to the dereliction of duty of this doorman. It shuts out the information that should be received, and lets the information that should not be received invade people's minds, which affects normal learning.
The reasons why students are absent-minded vary from person to person, and many of them are caused by unexpected events. Generally speaking, the reasons from students themselves mainly include:
First, I am not interested in the learning content. When attending a course that you don't like or feel boring and useless, students' attention is easily distracted and distracted; When you meet those classes with new content and good feeling, it is easy to keep up with the teacher's ideas, without distraction and with high efficiency.
Second, there are difficulties in learning. Some students find it difficult to really understand and master what teachers teach, and their understanding and reaction to knowledge points are slow, and their thoughts are easily distracted.
Third, it is caused by excessive psychological pressure. In my work, I found that most of the absent-mindedness among students is caused by negative psychology. For example, some students' parents are divorced or seriously ill, and some students' interpersonal relationships with classmates and teachers are not handled properly. Such psychological factors can also cause the phenomenon of distraction. Fourth, students' own personality factors. Students with a strong sense of inferiority always feel that they are inferior to others, and it is useless to try again. Too many psychological worries not only distract them from their studies, but also make them close to themselves when they grow up. However, blind and arrogant students always think that they are superior to others in everything, and even ignore their teachers, so it is not easy to attend classes with peace of mind.
So, how to overcome the problem of distraction in class and concentrate on listening to the class?
First, pay attention to the 45-minute lecture time. Primary school students learn mainly through classroom teaching, but some students don't grasp this important learning opportunity, and often want to read books by themselves after class to solve the problems the teacher said. Therefore, under the control of this kind of thinking, they didn't ask themselves to listen attentively in class, which resulted in a waste of precious time. Therefore, I hope that students will know how to cherish the precious study time of 45 minutes in class and ensure that they pay attention to the lecture in class.
Second, clear the specific tasks of class. At the beginning of a class, teachers often clearly put forward the tasks to be completed and the goals to be achieved. At this time, students must remember one by one. And listen to the teacher's class carefully according to these requirements. In this way, attend classes with certain tasks. It is easier to concentrate.
Third, lay a good foundation of knowledge and remove obstacles in attending classes. Some students' learning foundation is not solid enough and they lack knowledge. It makes listening to new lessons difficult and incomprehensible, so it is difficult to concentrate on the class. The primary task for these students to solve their class absences is to lay a solid foundation, fill the gaps in knowledge in time, and form a virtuous circle of learning.
Fourth, strengthen will exercise and improve self-control ability. Sitting for 45 minutes in class is bound to be hard, and there must be internal and external interference. At this time, students must rely on willpower for self-discipline, self-supervision and self-control. Concentrate on the class from beginning to end.
Fifth, we should live a regular life, work and rest on time, overcome the habit of watching TV or playing video games late into the night, and don't let boring things consume precious energy to ensure that we have plenty of energy to meet the needs of learning.
Identify the personality defects of primary school students
Common personality defects of primary school students are as follows:
1) Sensitivity: Teenagers have strong self-awareness, urgent self-esteem requirements and low psychological endurance. Therefore, when they realize that their self-esteem is threatened, they will have strong anxiety, anxiety and fear. When their self-esteem is hurt, they will be angry, angry, often nervous and suspicious.
2) Rebellion: Because primary school students are in the transition period of growth, their sense of independence and self-awareness is increasing day by day. They are eager to get rid of the guardianship of their parents and teachers and oppose adults treating themselves as children. At the same time, in order to show their uniqueness, it is easy for them to hold a critical attitude towards everything.
3) Jealousy: This is an unpleasant feeling in my heart about the dominant position of others. When others are better than themselves (such as study, looks, popularity, etc. ), they show unhappy, self-mutilation, resentment, anger and even destructive negative emotions.
4) Loss: Primary school students have many fantasies, hoping to turn them into reality, and will make various efforts and even deliberately pursue them. When this demand is continuously unsatisfied or partially satisfied, there will be setbacks, mostly in learning, eating and wearing, playing with high-end toys and so on. This is easy to bring tension, fear, frustration and disappointment to primary and secondary school students.
5) Inferiority: It is an emotional experience of self-humiliation caused by excessive self-denial. Lack of confidence in yourself, inferior to others in all aspects, and inferiority. In interpersonal communication, I underestimated my ability and my psychological endurance was fragile. Caution, withdrawal, hesitation, etc.
6) Loneliness: Through the investigation, it is found that some students often feel that they are lonely in the vast sea, and they are withdrawn and unwilling to associate with others, but they complain that others don't understand and accept themselves. Psychology calls this psychological state locking psychology, and the resulting emotional experience of feeling isolated and lonely is called loneliness.
Mental illness caused by personality defects is difficult to deal with, but it is not innate, and it is not incurable. The key is to be people-oriented, proceed from students' own characteristics, and prescribe the right medicine in order to receive positive results. In practice, we can start with eliminating children's rebellious psychology and communicate with children more. For example, cultivate students' social adaptability, hone their own ideological will, establish a correct "three views", enlighten children from a positive level, and let children convince themselves psychologically, instead of instilling children's mental health knowledge. If the child suffers from depression, anxiety and other mental diseases due to personality defects, he should receive professional psychotherapy as soon as possible.
Are playful children smart or stupid?
Naughty children are always playful. They are constantly fiddling with various objects and toys, forming a generalization from many similar objects. They like to "catch the cat and look for it", carefully observe and eliminate illusions to find goals, and develop meticulous thinking habits; They can imagine a bamboo pole as a fine horse, a rocket, an airplane and a machine gun, and imagine the unreal things in front of them vividly; When they play, their excitement, comfort and pleasant emotions stimulate and mobilize the high activity of their brains and nerves.
Therefore, playful children are smarter. In this regard, growth psychologists have done a lot of research.
Mark ronson Rosenzweig, a biopsychologist, selected a group of mice with the same genetic quality in his laboratory and randomly divided them into three groups.
The first group of three mice were kept in iron cages and fed together, which was a "standard environment"; The second group of mice were separated by a piece of paper and kept in a cage that was opaque on three sides. The light is dim and there is almost no stimulation, which is called "poor environment"; In the third group, a dozen mice were kept in a spacious, well-lit and well-equipped cage with swings, slides, wooden ladders, bridges and various "toys", which was called "rich environment".
After several months of environmental edification, mice with "rich environment" are the most playful, while mice with "poor environment" are the most honest. The brains of mice were dissected and analyzed. It is found that there are obvious differences among the three groups in the thickness of cerebral cortex, the protein content of cerebral cortex, the ratio of cerebral cortex to brain, the size of brain cells, the number of nerve fibers, the number of synapses, the number of glial cells and brain chemicals related to intelligence. The advantage of mice in the "rich environment" group is the most significant. Experiments show that the richer the environment, the more fully it is played, and the better the development of the brain.
Games contribute to children's intellectual development, and also contribute to the development of many non-intellectual factors. Play satisfies children's desires, and at the same time stimulates children's thirst for knowledge, curiosity and exploration spirit. Playing with peers improves children's personality and develops their corresponding social skills. Therefore, children's early education can only be played in middle school, and it is against the laws of primary education and children's behavioral science to play without learning or to learn more and play less.
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