Working principle of oximeter
The oximeter is a noninvasive instrument for monitoring patients' oxygen saturation, which is mainly used in clinical departments, wards, outpatient clinics, family and community medical treatment, and outdoor sports (mountain climbing and cycling). It is very necessary to equip patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with oximeter. Long-term detection of blood oxygen content by oximeter in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases can effectively prevent the occurrence of danger. If there is hypoxia, you can make a decision to replenish oxygen at the first time, which greatly reduces the chance of disease attack.
The oximeter is suitable for people with vascular diseases (coronary heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and cerebral thrombosis); People with respiratory diseases (asthma, tracheitis, chronic bronchitis, cor pulmonale, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) ...); Older people over 60 years old; People who work 12 hours or more every day; Blood oxygen monitoring under extreme exercise and altitude hypoxia: long-term alcoholics.
The first oximeter was invented by Millikan in the 1940s. It monitors the ratio of hemoglobin carrying oxygen to hemoglobin not carrying oxygen in arteries. A typical oximeter has two light-emitting diodes. These two LEDs are facing the part of the patient to be tested? -? Usually fingertips or earlobes. One diode emits a light beam with a wavelength of 660 nm, and the other diode emits 905, 9 10 or 940 nm. The absorption rate of oxygenated hemoglobin at these two wavelengths is very different from that in the absence of oxygen. Using this property, the ratio of two hemoglobin can be calculated. The test process usually does not require drawing blood from the patient. The usual oximeter can also display the patient's pulse.
According to Bill-Lambert law, the functional relationship between the ratio R/IR and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) should be linear, but biological tissue is a complex optical system with strong scattering, weak absorption and anisotropy [2 ~ 4], which does not completely conform to the classical Bill-Lambert law, thus leading to the relative change of absorbance of red light and infrared light (R/IR value) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). Most manufacturers of pulse oximeter obtain empirical calibration curves through experiments and complete the pre-calibration of products before leaving the factory.
Real-time blood oxygen monitoring of athletes by oximeter is helpful to understand the blood circulation of athletes after heavy exercise, thus guiding the formulation of athletes' exercise amount. Passengers and journalists who take the Qinghai-Tibet Railway train into Tibet need to wear an oximeter to detect their blood oxygen. Through the monitoring of blood oxygen, the problem of oxygen supply of oxygen hibiscus can be found in advance, and the harm of cyanosis caused by mountain reaction to the body can be avoided.
The above is the working principle of the oximeter introduced by Bianxiao Company. I hope I can help you!
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