? Routine blood examination: confirm whether there is anemia, marine anemia, septicemia, bacterial infection and normal coagulation function.
? Syphilis screening: Syphilis is a disease caused by Treponema pallidum infection. If one of the spouses is found to be infected, they should be treated with antibiotics as soon as possible, otherwise, the fetus will be directly infected through the placenta, resulting in fetal growth retardation, edema, premature delivery or intrauterine stillbirth, and even if they are born, there will be problems such as nerve damage and tooth deformity.
? AIDS screening: AIDS is a disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus infection. If either spouse is found to be infected, they should actively receive antiviral drugs to reduce the chance of transmission to the fetus during pregnancy.
Pay attention to pre-pregnancy eugenics! In addition to the above items, the inspection items for improving women's healthy fertility are the same as those for men, and the following five items are added. ? Rubella antibody: If you are accidentally infected with rubella during pregnancy, the fetus will be severely disabled. Therefore, before you get pregnant, you must first confirm whether you have this antibody in your body. If not, you should get vaccinated immediately.
? Chickenpox antibody: If you are accidentally infected with chickenpox during pregnancy, it may also lead to obvious fetal malformation. So before you get pregnant, you must first confirm whether you have this antibody in your body. If there is no such antibody, you should be vaccinated immediately.
? Thyroid hormone: whether thyroxine is normal or not is mainly known through blood test, if counted.
If the value is too high or too low, it is necessary to further detect thyroid hormone to diagnose whether there is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. If there is an abnormal situation, you need to take relevant drugs to make the thyroid hormone value return to normal. ? Chlamydia antibody: Chlamydia is a common bacterium causing pelvic infection. If you are inadvertently infected before pregnancy, it will not only lead to endometritis and pelvic inflammatory disease, but even damage the fallopian tubes. If infected during pregnancy, it may also lead to neonatal conjunctivitis or pneumonia. If women don't have this antibody, they should be careful to be infected during pregnancy and take medicine actively for accidental infection.
? Lupus Erythematosus: Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. If you have this disease, it may lead to habitual abortion. Doctors will confirm whether the blood is positive for anti-nuclear antibiotics (ANA) through blood tests, and check whether women have symptoms such as photosensitivity, oral ulcer, butterfly rash on the face, lupus disc, arthritis and urinary protein. If you have the above symptoms, you must further confirm whether you have lupus erythematosus. If the patient is diagnosed, it is necessary to track the blood condition regularly and take medicine to minimize the impact.
Huang Guishuai, director of the self-funded health examination, said that if the economic situation of both husband and wife allows, they can receive other examinations at their own expense to ensure the health of themselves and the next generation. However, because pregnant women are women, the following only introduces the common self-funded health check-up items for women. ? Cytomegalovirus: If pregnant mommy is infected with cytomegalovirus, there will be no obvious symptoms, but it may cause fetal mental retardation, cerebellar disease, calcification around ventricles and so on. At present, there is no medicine to treat or fight it. Fortunately, as long as she is infected once, her body will develop immunity. Therefore, if she is found to have been infected before pregnancy, it is recommended to take medicine to cure her, postpone pregnancy and avoid fetal infection.
? Examination of Toxoplasma gondii: Toxoplasma gondii is transmitted by eating raw food, such as raw mutton, raw pork and lettuce. If it is an infection during pregnancy, the body will not have any obvious symptoms, but it may cause mental retardation and nerve damage to the fetus. If you find that your body has been infected during the examination, you should take the medicine as soon as possible to postpone pregnancy and avoid fetal infection.
? Herpes virus: If women have herpes virus, they should take medicine as soon as possible to cure it, otherwise it may be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta during pregnancy, leading to fetal mental retardation, chorioretinitis, epilepsy and central nervous system damage.
Part-3 Vaccination: The main purpose of vaccination is to prevent the body from being infected with diseases, which can be divided into "attenuated live vaccine" and "inactivated vaccine". The former is a live vaccine, which can provide complete antigen and cause immune response to produce antibodies. After vaccination, there will only be slight redness and swelling, and the symptoms will generally disappear naturally within 3 days, which is not true. The latter refers to the dead vaccine, which comes from the fragment structure of viruses and bacteria that have died or decomposed. When germs with these partial structures are applied to human body, human body will begin to recognize the structures of these germs and produce antibodies to fight against them. Because the vaccine itself will not grow again, it will not make the user infected or sick. Because pregnant women are women, the conventional vaccines subsidized by * * * are mainly aimed at women. I hope that women can be prepared to prevent infection before pregnancy and avoid getting sick during pregnancy. When the newborn is born, the hospital will arrange the vaccination schedule of measles, rubella and mumps (MMR). But with the increase of age, the antibody of vaccine may disappear. Therefore, if a woman intends to get pregnant, she should check whether there is MMR antibody in her body, and if not, she should get an injection immediately. Since the vaccine is an active attenuated vaccine, it should be at least 1 month before pregnancy. If you are pregnant after vaccination, don't worry too much. As long as routine examinations are done during pregnancy, most of them will be fine. Chickenpox vaccine Chickenpox vaccine is the same as MMR triple vaccine. When the newborn is born, the hospital will arrange the vaccination schedule. However, if a woman finds that her antibodies have disappeared in her body as an adult, she should be vaccinated immediately, avoid contact with patients with varicella or herpes zoster within 3 weeks after vaccination, and need to be vaccinated after other active attenuated vaccines 1 month. After vaccination, she should at least be prepared for pregnancy 1 month. Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing hepatitis B. Most people in China have antibodies in their bodies, but if women are found to have no antibodies before pregnancy, they should be injected immediately. In addition, there are three doses of this vaccine. The interval between the first needle and the second needle should be 1 month, and the interval between the second needle and the third needle should be 6 months. It is recommended to prepare for pregnancy 9 months after vaccination. Part-4 conditioning article: When planning pregnancy, it is also very important to improve one's physical fitness in addition to health examination and vaccination. Lin Meijun, an attending physician of Chinese gynecology at Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, a legal person of Chang Gung Memorial Medical Consortium, said that some couples often feel tired or unwell because of too much pressure in life. However, if you are unwell, the quality of related fertility factors such as * * *, eggs and uterus in your body will be poor. It is suggested that if the couple have doubts about their physique, they should seek the assistance of Chinese medicine as soon as possible, and Chinese medicine will judge their physique attributes, prescribe the right medicine and provide the most suitable conditioning methods. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, the organs related to fertility are kidney, liver and spleen, but they are not the same as those referred to by western medicine. Here refers to the whole system and corresponding functions, among which, the conditioning of "kidney" is the most important, because "kidney" is in charge of reproduction, reproductive system, urinary system and hormone secretion of the body; "Liver" is the main regulator, in charge of the circulation of qi, blood and water in the body, and has the function of regulating emotions; "Spleen" governs digestion and is in charge of the digestion and absorption function of the body. It is mainly to transform food ingested by human body into qi and blood, prevent water vapor from staying in the body and promote blood flow in the body. In addition, "kidney" is related to innate essence, which is the general situation of a person's body after birth. If you have a good innate constitution, your fertility will naturally be good. If you are in poor health, you need to recuperate the day after tomorrow. The acquired conditioning method depends on the spleen, and the human body must absorb enough nutrients and play a digestive role through the spleen to convert various nutrients into qi and blood for the body to use; "Liver" is the hub of the whole reproductive activity. When the circulation of qi, blood and water in the body is good, the operation of the joint reproductive system will become better. Simply put, the three zang-fu organs must complement each other in order to maintain good fertility. If one of the zang-fu organs has insufficient function, the body will be biased and must be further conditioned. The composition of conditioning can be roughly divided into five types. The common symptoms of men and women are slightly different, but the medication is similar. It is worth noting that both men and women should be diagnosed by qualified Chinese medicine practitioners before taking medicine, and the source and food supplement therapy should be prescribed before relevant conditioning can be carried out. In fact, in regulating female fertility, Chinese medicine mainly regulates menstruation, leucorrhea, pregnancy and delivery, which are all related to prenatal eugenics. Chinese medicine will give different drugs with the change of menstrual cycle. Among them, drugs for nourishing kidney yin were used in follicular phase, drugs for tonifying kidney and dredging collaterals, drugs for helping liver and relieving diarrhea were used in ovulation phase, drugs for warming kidney and supporting yang were used in luteal phase, and drugs for promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and regulating qi were used in menstrual period. Pay attention to pre-pregnancy eugenics! Improve healthy fertility: Deficiency of kidney qi will lead to imbalance of endocrine and reproductive system, and even lead to infertility in severe cases. Kidney deficiency can be divided into kidney yin deficiency and kidney yang deficiency. The former represents yin deficiency and blood deficiency, while the latter represents yang deficiency. male
If the male is kidney yin deficiency, the common symptoms are weakness of waist and knees, dizziness, nocturnal emission and premature ejaculation. Taking Zuogui Pill, Wuzi Yanzong Pill and Liuwei Dihuang Pill as drugs, it is suggested to stew chicken soup with nourishing yin drugs such as Lycium barbarum, Polygonum multiflorum, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Polygonatum sibiricum on weekdays. Kidney yang deficiency, common symptoms are cold limbs, impotence, premature ejaculation, weakness and so on. The drugs used are Gui You Pill, Wuzi Yanzong Pill and Bawei Dihuang Pill, and you can eat more longan, walnuts and black sesame seeds on weekdays. If kidney-yang deficiency is serious, you can even eat Chinese herbal medicines such as Cordyceps sinensis, Eucommia ulmoides, Epimedium and Morinda officinalis. woman
If the female is kidney yin deficiency, the common symptoms are hot flashes, night sweats, soreness of waist and knees, palpitation and insomnia, dizziness, scanty menstruation or menarche. Therefore, it is recommended to take medicine and eat complementary food on weekdays like men. For patients with kidney-yang deficiency, the common conditions are cold limbs, frigidity, long urination, less menstrual flow, pale face, cold uterus, and difficulty in getting pregnant. It is recommended to take medicine and eat complementary food like men on weekdays. Liver depression type is also called liver depression and qi stagnation type. This kind of patients often face pressure from accidents, work, family, childbirth, feelings and other aspects, leading to liver failure, qi and blood imbalance, chong and ren imbalance, which jointly affect reproductive function. male
Common symptoms in men include emotional instability, irritability or depression. It is suggested to take Bupleurum series prescriptions, such as Jiawei Xiaoyao Powder, and drink more rose tea on weekdays to relieve the mood. woman
In addition to emotional instability, women's common symptoms include premenstrual swelling, irregular menstruation, dark menstrual blood with blood clots, chest tightness, insomnia and so on. It is recommended to take medicine and eat complementary food like men on weekdays. Both blood deficiency and blood stasis are related to blood circulation. Blood deficiency refers to blood deficiency, and blood stasis refers to the stagnation of blood due to the poor operation of qi-moving machine, which can not make blood flow normally. male
Generally speaking, men's blood flow is richer than women's, and they can feel the pulse thicker and fuller when they feel the pulse. However, due to insufficient blood flow or blood stasis, men with blood deficiency or blood stasis will feel thin and small blood vessels or poor pulse condition when taking the pulse. Usually, men of this type are thin in appearance, so Guipi Decoction, Yu Sheng Decoction and Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction are recommended. People with blood stasis can also eat more hawthorn and notoginseng on weekdays, and people with blood deficiency can eat more Siwutang, Shiquan and Bazhen. woman
If women have blood deficiency or blood stasis, they should be improved as soon as possible. China's ancient book "Collection of Gynecology in Shen Shi" mentioned that "having a child depends on sufficient qi and blood, but failing to have a child", which means that a woman must have good qi and blood to give birth to a healthy baby. The common symptoms of female blood deficiency are pale face, less menstrual blood, pale menstrual blood color and easy dizziness after menstruation; The symptoms of blood stasis include less menstrual flow, dark menstrual blood color, more blood clots, thick menstrual quality, dysmenorrhea, dark lips and tongue color. Some people with severe blood stasis even have ecchymosis on their lips, and the medication for both constitutions is the same as that for men. Phlegm-dampness refers to the pathological product formed by abnormal metabolism of water and liquid, and those with phlegm-dampness constitution represent poor digestive function of spleen. The spleen mainly converts the ingested food into qi and blood, which runs throughout the body. If the spleen function is not enough, it will lead to the body's poor ability to regulate water and fluid, which will thicken body fluids and reduce body fluid, causing edema. male
Common symptoms of men are low dosage, dizziness, chest tightness, aversion to evil, obesity and so on. It is suggested to eat Shen Si decoction, which consists of Poria cocos, Chinese yam, lotus seeds and Euryale euryales, which can effectively improve the phlegm-dampness situation. woman
The common symptoms of women are delayed menstruation, and severe cases include amenorrhea, thick leucorrhea, dizziness, palpitation, obesity, infertility and so on. It is suggested to use drugs for eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm on weekdays, such as Cangfu Daotan Decoction and Shen Si Decoction, to improve physical fitness. Damp-heat type Because of the humid and sultry climate in Taiwan Province Province, damp heat constitution is common for men and women. If you want to improve this physique, you must eat less greasy and high-sugar food and maintain good digestive function, so as to dissolve the water in your body. male
The common symptoms of men are thick and greasy tongue coating, fat appearance, drinking habits on weekdays, backache on weekdays, heavy legs and feet, fatigue, upset and dry mouth, and sticky feces. It is suggested to eat more herbs that can clear away damp heat, such as Lysimachia christinae and lotus leaf, or ingredients that can clear away heat and promote fluid production to quench thirst, such as almonds, coix seeds, wax gourd and watermelon.
In addition to thick tongue coating, fat appearance and loss of appetite, the common symptoms of women are also prone to abdominal distension, diarrhea, eye edema, wet itching and other symptoms. It is recommended to use the same drugs and ingredients as men. Acupuncture can enhance physical fitness. Acupuncture can also improve physical fitness. According to different manipulations, it can be divided into two types: "purging" and "reinforcing". The so-called "reinforcing deficiency and excess is diarrhea", and "diarrhea" is aimed at damp-heat or liver stagnation and blood stasis, mainly for eliminating dampness and clearing heat, soothing the liver and promoting blood circulation; "Tonifying" is aimed at deficiency-cold constitution, and it is mainly used to tonify qi and blood. In addition, for cold constitution, moxibustion can also be used to warm up. Acupoints include liver, spleen, kidney and other fertility-related meridians, as well as bladder meridian, ren meridian and other meridians, including Sanyinjiao, Taixi, Taichong, Qihai, Guanyuan and Shenshu. The doctor will make the most appropriate treatment according to the individual's physique. Pay attention to pre-pregnancy eugenics! Improving Healthy Fertility Part 4 Nutrition Intake: Intake nutrients to improve fertility quality. In addition to a balanced diet, we should also take vitamins, minerals and other nutrients related to improving fertility in order to improve the quality of eggs and prepare for pregnancy. In terms of balanced diet, it is suggested that couples can refer to the daily dietary advice provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare for adjustment. In principle, all six kinds of food should be ingested, and we should not prefer or not eat a certain kind of food, otherwise it will cause nutritional imbalance. Wu Zhenying, a nutritionist at Pingtung Christian Hospital, a legal person of Pingji Medical Consortium, reminded that both men and women should avoid raw or semi-cooked vegetables, because vegetables are easily washed unclean, have pesticide residues, and there may be eggs on the leaves, which are too small to be seen by the naked eye. If you eat them by accident, you should cook them before eating them. After high temperature sterilization, there are fewer bacteria and it is healthier and safer to eat. In addition, after the vigorous advocacy of * * * and non-governmental organizations, most people already know that they should reduce the intake of high-fat foods on weekdays, such as fried chicken chops and fried chicken pieces, otherwise it will easily lead to "three high" diseases, including diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. However, when eating vegetables, it is easy to overlook that most vegetables are quickly stir-fried in a large pot, and a lot of cooking oil will be added. It is suggested that couples change to medium-cooked cooking, stir-fry with a little cooking oil first, and then simmer with a little water. For oilseeds and nut seeds, it mainly provides oil nutrition. Therefore, couples can choose to eat it once. Cooking on weekdays can reduce edible oil and choose natural nut seeds instead, which can ensure the quality of oil and be healthier. Male: Zinc, vitamin C, selenium, arginine Men judge how many calories they need according to the intensity of daily activities, and then consume six foods according to the recommended daily diet. Generally speaking, the higher the intensity of life activities, the more calories you need. For example, people who are engaged in static activities such as reading books and playing computers need about 1800 ~ 2000 calories; People who need to consume more calories in aerobic exercise and construction projects need about 2700 ~ 3000 calories. zinc (Zn)
Zinc can help the secretion of hormones and promote the synthesis of chromosome DNA and RNA. If the diet is deficient in zinc, the amount of * * * will be reduced, the number of sperm will be reduced, and the concentration of testosterone in testicular atrophy and blood will be insufficient, thus affecting the quality and fertility of * * *. Common food sources include oysters, larvae, liver, fish, meat and bean products. vitamin C
Vitamin C can increase the amount and activity of * * *. Common food sources include dark green vegetables, tomatoes, sweet peppers, lemons, citrus fruits, strawberries and kiwis. selenium
Selenium can improve * * * and * *, and it is also a good antioxidant. Common food sources include tuna, garlic, carrots and cauliflower. Eating more fruits rich in vitamins A, C and E also helps to absorb selenium. arginine
Arginine can increase the quantity and activity of * * *. Common food sources include fresh meat, fish and eggs. Women's diets of calcium, folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B group and Omega-3 also determine their calorie intake according to the intensity of their daily activities, but generally speaking, women's daily activities are lower than those of men, and they also need a little less calories. zinc (Zn)
Like men, zinc intake by women can help hormone secretion and promote chromosome synthesis. If zinc is deficient, it will lead to fetal growth retardation in the future. Common food sources include seafood, meat and bean products. calcium (Ca)
Under normal circumstances, women don't need calcium supplement, but because the fetus will absorb calcium from the mother through the placenta during pregnancy, thus developing healthy bones and teeth, it is recommended to supplement calcium before pregnancy, which can not only prepare for providing fetal nutrition, but also maintain their own health. Common food sources are milk, black sesame, tofu, fish, dried fish, vegetables and so on. However, the absorption rate of calcium in vegetables is not good, so it is suggested that if you are a vegetarian, switch to egg yolk. Daily dietary advice
male
Calories (calories)
1500
1800
2000
2200
2500
2700
3000
Whole grain rhizome (bowl)
2.5
three
three
3.5
four
four
4.5
Beans, fish and eggs (portions)
four
five
six
six
seven
eight
10
Low-fat dairy products (cups)
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2
2
Vegetables (dishes)
three
three
four
four
five
five
six
Fruit (portion)
2
2
three
3.5
four
four
four
Oil and nut seeds (portions)
four
five
six
six
seven
eight
eight
woman
Calories (calories)
1200
1500
1800
2000
2200
2500
2700
Whole grain rhizome (bowl)
1.5
2.5
three
three
3.5
four
four
Beans, fish and eggs (portions)
three
four
five
six
six
seven
eight
Low-fat dairy products (cups)
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2
Vegetables (dishes)
three
three
three
four
four
five
five
Fruit (portion)
2
2
2
three
3.5
four
four
Oil and nut seeds (portions)
four
four
five
six
six
seven
eight
Pay attention to pre-pregnancy eugenics! Iron for improving healthy fertility
Women in Taiwan Province Province are generally short of iron. Common symptoms include anemia and pallor. During pregnancy, they also need a lot of iron to help the blood circulation of the body and provide nutrition for the fetus. It is recommended to store iron before pregnancy. Common food sources include red meat, liver and kelp. Among them, the absorption rate of animal iron is better than that of plant iron, so it is suggested to eat more animal food. If some women are vegetarians, they should take extra buccal tablets, but it is easy to cause side effects of constipation, so they must take more fiber and water. folic acid
Nutritionist Wu Zhenying pointed out that early pregnancy is the fastest period of fetal nerve development, and a lot of folic acid is needed to help growth. However, some women often find out after 1 month of pregnancy. If folic acid is supplemented at this time, it will be too late to grasp the golden age of fetal nerve development. Therefore, it is recommended that women start taking folic acid before pregnancy. Common food sources are dark green vegetables, animal liver, yeast and so on. vitamin C
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant in the body, which can protect the DNA of cells and help ovulation. Common food sources include dark green vegetables, tomatoes, sweet peppers, lemons, citrus fruits, strawberries and kiwis. Vitamin D3
Vitamin D3 is activated by vitamin D, which has the functions of anti-inflammation, regulating immune mechanism, adjusting endometrial condition and improving embryo implantation rate. The raw material for making vitamin D is cholesterol. After the skin is irradiated by ultraviolet rays, vitamin D3 will be formed and then transported through the blood. It is suggested that women should bask in the sun for 15 minutes every day to activate vitamin D and form vitamin D3 for body use. tocopherol
Vitamin E, also known as fertility alcohol, is related to reproductive function, which can help conception and embryo implantation, as well as antioxidation and cell membrane protection. Common food sources are nuts and vegetable oil. Among them, the number of nuts is 6 ~ 8, but choose nuts without seasoning, because if sugar or salt is added, even if the necessary nutrients are ingested, other seasonings will be eaten, which will inevitably increase the health burden. Vitamin b group
Vitamin B family includes vitamin B6, vitamin B 12, etc. It is suggested that if women are engaged in jobs that consume more physical or mental energy, such as teachers, flight attendants, journalists, medical staff, etc. They should take vitamin B supplements to maintain their physical strength. Common foods are high-fiber purple rice porridge, whole grain rice, milk, sugar-free yogurt and so on. Omega -3
It can reduce blood viscosity and avoid thrombosis. If women have abortion constitution, they should take more pills. Common food sources include nuts, seeds and fish oil. Women should avoid drinking coffee and alcohol. If women usually have the habit of drinking coffee and alcohol, they should gradually quit this behavior, because coffee contains caffeine, and excessive drinking will lead to severe uterine contraction, which will indirectly affect the pregnancy rate. If you really can't quit, drink 240c.c latte every day to avoid excessive caffeine intake; As for alcoholic beverages, it is not recommended to drink them, because alcohol will promote the blood circulation of the whole body, indirectly lead to the decrease of uterine blood flow, which may make the fertilized eggs unable to implant smoothly. Huang Guishuai Education: Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical College Experience: Researcher, Prenatal Gene Diagnosis Center, Baylor Medical College, USA; Continuing physician, Anderson Cancer Center, USA; Director of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of the Third Armed Forces; Director of chromosome detection center of the general hospital of the three armed forces; He Xin, Director of Minquan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lin Meijun, Clinical Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical College Education: Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Chang Gung University Experience: Continuing Doctor of Gynecology, Chief Physician of Gynecology, Chang Gung Hospital, Linkou Current Position: Attending Physician of Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Hospital, Legal Person of Chang Gung Medical Consortium Wu Zhenying Education: Department of Food Nutrition, Minsheng College, Hong Guang University of Science and Technology Experience: Current position of nutritionist in Taichung Clarification Hospital.