People's sexual psychology develops slowly in childhood until after puberty. With the development of sexual physiology, sexual psychology is also developing, and social ability related to sex is also developing. Although for most people, the process and speed of sexual physiological development are basically the same. However, the development of sexual psychology is very different from the sexual psychological state of adulthood and the subsequent sexual social ability. After puberty, some people have relatively healthy human psychology, some have obstacles in human psychology, many problems in different degrees, and lack sexual social skills. Delayed psychosexual development is very common among young people and even adults in China.
Childhood is the beginning of the whole process of human sexual development, namely, sexual physiological maturity and sexual psychological maturity, and it is also the key to the normal development of this process. As the predecessor of highly defined concepts and beliefs of adults, different sexual norms and opinions in early childhood may be the main factors of adult sexual behavior and the psychological basis of many adult human nature problems.
Childhood, also known as childhood, is an important development period between infancy and adolescence. This period is just the beginning of primary school and the period of formal study, so it is also called preschool.
Compared with infancy, the physical development of childhood is relatively slow and stable, but the psychological development has undergone decisive changes with the beginning of new life and education. At the same time, sexual psychology has also made great progress. Children's different sexual norms and views in early childhood, as the precursors of highly defined concepts and beliefs of adults, may be the main factors of adult human behavior, and may also be the psychological basis of many problems of adult human beings.
Childhood is the beginning of the whole process of human sexual development, including sexual physiological maturity and sexual psychological maturity, and it is also the key to the normal development of this process. Therefore, the sexual psychological problems in childhood can not be ignored.
Children begin to know their gender from the age of 3 to 4, which is called "sexual self-acceptance period", but the sexual psychology itself is gradually clear after birth. Testosterone secreted by male embryos before birth acts on the androgenization of hypothalamus, that is, the brain center, which lays a biological foundation for the child's later sexual psychology. Female embryos also have a corresponding process. After birth, people around treat children according to their external anatomical gender, thus forming their gender identity. And fixed in the later life, no longer change. This sexual concept is formed by the interaction of biological factors and environmental factors, and is based on how children are treated and how they respond to stimuli.
The development of children's sexual psychology During rapid eye movement sleep, infants have erections and vaginal patency, which are involuntary. However, human beings have instinctive activities for sexual needs since childhood. For example, when a baby is nursing, being held or taking a bath, it will also have genital reactions and joy. This kind of "experience" is very important for establishing emotional communication and intimate relationship with people around you in later adolescence and youth. When babies can control the movements of their hands, they will grope for their bodies and inadvertently find that caressing their genitals is better than sucking their fingers or playing with toys. Two-year-olds will be curious about their surroundings and others and try to explore. Childhood children often hug each other, kiss each other, climb on each other's bodies and observe each other's genitals. Although these behaviors are normal for young children, they are often stopped by their parents. At the age of 4 ~ 5, children are more curious about sex, and may have some masturbation behaviors (masturbation) and start playing sex games with other children. Children aged 6 ~ 10 spend most of their time playing games in the form of same-sex groups. Children expose their genitals to others, touch each other and masturbate together. This kind of sexual behavior is common among boys, but it doesn't mean that homosexuality will happen in the future. In fact, sexual exploration between same-sex playmates in childhood is completely normal, and it is impossible to predict their future sexual orientation through these behaviors. The incidence of same-sex games has been reported everywhere. According to the survey of parents, boys aged 6-7 have more homosexual games, while girls' homosexual games are roughly equivalent to games between boys and girls. At the age of 8 ~ 9, the gonads begin to change, which will kick off puberty. Children know that sexual excitement is an important part of sexual feelings, and they will seek these pleasant processes, and various ideas, masturbation ideas and behaviors with sexual elements will begin to form.
The guidance of children's sexual psychology provides good sex education for children and is the guidance for the normal development of children's sexual psychology. Sex education should start from childhood, that is, girls should talk about sexual knowledge before menarche and boys before their first nocturnal emission. Family sex education should start from the following aspects: ① After a child is born, no matter his or her sex, he or she should not be confused in the choice of name, clothes and daily necessities, so as to prevent the child from forming a "sexual hazy" consciousness about himself or others at an early age, thus affecting his or her sexual orientation. Expecting the child to be the sex that parents want, or parents favoring boys or girls, or dressing girls as men or dressing boys as women will all affect the child's "sexual self-acceptance" and lead to changes in personality and behavior later. When children can understand words, parents should integrate sex education into their daily lives, such as bathing, dressing, combing their hair and choosing toys. , and there are obvious gender differences. Children can also be guided to observe the growth and reproduction of animals and plants through books, newspapers, picture books, movies and stories. Let children have a natural understanding of reproductive problems, let them love nature, love mankind, understand the essence of life and realize their "sexual confession". Free exploration of one's body is a good start of health education. In family life, parents should choose appropriate opportunities, such as bathing and sleeping. Let children know their bodies naturally, especially let them realize that the reproductive organs are not as mysterious as other organs of the human body, and guide them to keep their bodies clean and develop good hygiene habits. (4) When children ask questions about sex, parents should not avoid them, but answer them in a language and way that children can understand and accept, so that children's curiosity and thirst for knowledge can be solved and satisfied. It is also important to set an example of parents' own behavior. The sincerity, integration and noble morality between parents set a good example for children, which will make children love life and treat sexual problems correctly. ⑥ Appropriate explanations should be given to the frequently encountered problems. How is a person born? We can start with the flowering and fruiting of plants, and then connect with human "sex" and reproduction, and we can also make a demonstration metaphor from the reproductive activities of animals. A brief introduction to human reproductive physiology will help children understand the problem. Sex education should tell the truth and not be too complicated; We should not only encourage children's curiosity, but also naturally postpone some specific details to their later life. And how is gender determined? It is necessary to introduce the relationship between chromosome and reproductive organ differentiation, the relationship between the masculinity of brain center and the influence of birth environment, and the formation of gender consciousness in simple and popular words. Another example: Why do girls urinate differently from boys? When urinating, it seems natural for girls to squat and boys to stand. But some girls tried to stand up, but instead of "shooting" like boys, they dripped into their trouser legs and shoes and socks. It can be said that the posture used by both sexes when urinating depends on the difference of anatomical structure. By the way, tell the child about the vulva structure. In addition, if children see their parents naked or having sex, they should tell them calmly that parents' behavior, like other children's parents, is a way to express their love with their bodies. Also tell them that sex is a way for adults to express their love and privacy. In daily life, parents should try to avoid being naked in front of their children (including changing clothes and taking a bath), and lock the bedroom when sharing the same room to avoid being seen by children.
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