1. During the epidemic, both children and adults may have psychological and emotional reactions caused by the epidemic pressure, such as anxiety, panic, depression, insomnia, etc., but children's negative emotions may be different from those of adults: for example, younger children may be more attached to their parents at this time, crying when they can't see their parents for a while, or crying because of trivial matters, and easily wake up at night. Older children may be more sensitive, stubborn or worried than before, may repeatedly ask their parents when they can go out to play, and may cry or lose their temper more easily.
2. The psychological stress reaction mentioned above is a "normal" reaction in an extraordinary event, which occurs in a short time under the epidemic situation. Through the adjustment of living conditions, it often takes a week or two to gradually ease or alleviate. However, if it lasts for more than 2 weeks, the above-mentioned negative emotions such as depression cannot be improved or continue to deteriorate through positive adjustment, which seriously affects life and study, and there is a possibility of suffering from depression.
3. How to conduct self-test? Here, I can introduce you to the professional simple self-rating depression scale PHQ-9. If you give your child a self-test score of more than 9 points, you need to pay attention. The premise is that the child's age can correctly understand the content of the questionnaire. If you are too young, you need to seek advice from a child psychologist or psychiatrist.
Scoring rules:
0-4 No depression
There may be mild depression on May 9 (it is recommended to consult a psychologist)
10- 14 may have moderate depression, (it is best to consult a psychologist)
15- 19 may have moderate or severe depression, (it is recommended to consult a psychologist or psychiatrist)
20-27 may have severe depression (be sure to see a psychologist or psychiatrist)
The core projects are divided into:
Item 65438 +0, Item 4, Item 9, score for any question >; 1 (that is, options 2 and 3) needs attention.
1 and 4 represent the core symptoms of depression.
Item 9 represents the idea of self-harm.
4. Treatment of depression: Common treatments include medication, psychotherapy and physical therapy.
Drug therapy mainly includes the choice of antidepressants. At present, there are not many antidepressants with indications for childhood depression in China. Fluoxetine is the earliest SSRI drug approved by FDA for children and adolescents with depression, which is suitable for children over 7 years old. In addition, escitalopram oxalate, citalopram, sertraline and fluvoxamine are also the first-line drugs for the treatment of depression in children and adolescents abroad. However, it should be noted that the above drug instructions all contain warnings for children to use drugs and tips that are not recommended for children. Therefore, when choosing drugs for children's depression, it is necessary to fully communicate with doctors and evaluate the risks, advantages and disadvantages before making a choice.
Commonly used physical therapy includes MECT for non-convulsive electroconvulsive therapy and rTMS for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. For children with serious illness, high risk of suicide or impulsiveness and poor curative effect of drug treatment, MECT can be considered, which is suitable for children over 12 years old. RTMS has moderate antidepressant effect and can be used as adjuvant therapy or alternative therapy.
Psychotherapy is mainly aimed at the psychological characteristics of teenagers, practical problems and the psychological development mechanism of diseases, and uses psychological techniques to carry out corresponding psychological intervention and treatment, with the aim of alleviating depressive symptoms and promoting the growth and perfection of personality.