Knowledge points in the second volume of eighth grade politics: Lesson 3 The right to life and health is in me 1, and the right to personality is the basic right of citizens. The right to life and health occupies the primary position in personality right. (25 pages)
2. What is personality right and its characteristics: (material personality and spiritual personality) (25 pages)
Personality right is the right to be a man and the basic right of citizens. Including the right to life, health and other material personality rights and spiritual personality rights such as freedom, name, portrait, reputation and privacy.
3. What does the right to personal freedom include? (page 25) (meaning, meaning)
Acts such as illegal body search violate citizens' personal freedom. Personal freedom is the most basic personality right (case analysis)
4. Relevant provisions of China's laws to protect the right to life and health:
(1) China law stipulates that citizens' right to life and health shall not be violated by others;
The law gives us extensive freedom of action, and no organization or individual may infringe upon the personal freedom of citizens.
(3) Abuse and abandonment of minors, infant drowning and abandonment are prohibited by law; It is forbidden for employers to illegally recruit minors under the age of 16, and it is forbidden to arrange underage workers (over 16 but under 18) to engage in underground, harmful, toxic and labor-intensive labor. What are the special protections for minors in China's laws? (Page 26, paragraph 2)
(4) China's Constitution, Criminal Law, General Principles of Civil Law, Public Security Management Regulations and other laws and regulations all protect citizens' right to life and health.
5. According to the given materials, judge whether this behavior violates the right to life and health, and write the relevant legal basis to know how to protect rights.
6. What are the ways for citizens to exercise their right to health? (28 pages)
7. Suicide or self-mutilation is against social morality and law. (P29)
8. Care about the life and health of others. (P3 1)
Knowledge points in the second volume of eighth grade politics (1) safeguard our personal dignity.
1, the status, meaning and content of the right to personal dignity. (page 35)
(1) We all have personality and dignity. Everyone, young and old, smart or stupid, rich or poor, senior officials or civilians, free people or prisoners, likes to do something. People? The minimum social status and the minimum right to be respected by others and society is the right to personal dignity. This right is manifested in two aspects: self-esteem and respect for others.
(2) The right of personal dignity is the core right of personality right, which is embodied in the right of reputation, privacy, portrait and name. Other personality rights, such as the right to life and health and the right to freedom, safeguard and guarantee human dignity from different aspects.
2, what is the right of reputation, the performance of the right of reputation. Relevant laws and regulations for safeguarding the right of reputation in China.
(1) The so-called reputation right refers to the right of China people to exclude others from infringing on their objective social evaluation.
The right of reputation is mainly manifested in the right to control reputation interests and the right to maintain reputation. The meaning and expression of reputation right: P38
(2) What benefits does a good word of mouth have for us? P36
(3) Chinese laws stipulate that citizens' right of reputation is inviolable, and no organization or individual may insult or slander others.
3. How to exercise citizens' right of reputation? (P38 At the end of the first paragraph)
4. What are the acts that infringe on the right of reputation? (P38 ends -39)
5. The meaning and expression of portrait: P40
6. The content of portrait right. What are the ways for citizens to exercise their right to portrait? P4 1
The law recognizes citizens' right to portrait. Citizens enjoy the right to control their portraits according to law, including the right to portrait, the right to use and the right to receive remuneration. Citizens have the right to decide whether to allow others to paint, take photos or video themselves; Have the right to decide whether to use or how to use their own portraits, and have the right to get paid for using their own portraits. When minors use their portraits and get paid, they must be represented or agreed by guardians.
7. What behaviors are violations of citizens' portrait rights? P4 1
Acts that infringe on citizens' portrait rights, such as not using other people's portraits as the cover of advertisements or magazines or printed on calendars without authorization, constitute infringement. In addition, it is also an act of infringing on the right of portrait to damage, defile or vilify the portrait of a citizen, or to use the portrait of a citizen for personal attacks.
8. How to protect your portrait right? P42
9. What is the meaning of the name? P43
10. What is the right to a name, and what are the acts that infringe it? P43-44。
The right to name is the right of citizens to decide, use and change their own names according to law, and to exclude the infringement of others.
Embezzlement and fraudulent use of other people's names are two concrete manifestations of infringing citizens' right to name.
The eighth grade politics book 2 knowledge points (2) Privacy is protected.
1. The meaning and content of privacy: (page 46)
In life, there are always some personal secrets that you don't want to be known and violated; There are always many purely personal affairs, which have nothing to do with public interests and group interests. These are private matters. Specifically, it includes: private information, such as home address, physical defects, marriage and love, family relationship, property status, etc. ; Personal affairs, such as daily life, social interaction, etc. ; Private areas, such as houses, personal luggage, school bags, etc.
2. The necessity of protecting privacy: (or: Why should citizens' privacy be protected? ) (pages 47-48)
In today's world, the more developed information technology and media are, the greater the possibility that personal privacy will be leaked, and the more people urgently need their own peace and security. This is because everyone has privacy. If personal privacy is illegally disclosed, it is tantamount to living in a glass house, and you can only live in fear under the eyes of the public.
3. The meaning of privacy: (page 48)
The right to privacy refers to the right that citizens enjoy in private life and the confidentiality of private information according to law.
4. Significance of legal protection of privacy: (Page 48 at the end of the second paragraph)
Protecting citizens' right to privacy through law can promote social harmony and maintain social stability.
5. Contents of the right to privacy: (Page 48-50)
(1) The essence of privacy is the freedom and tranquility of private life, which protects normal life from interference and inner world from interference. A citizen's house belongs to his personal life. Without its permission, no one may invade or illegally monitor or monitor, and no law enforcement officer may illegally search in disregard of legal procedures.
(2) Citizens have the right to keep personal information confidential. If you don't disclose your physical condition, family relationship, savings password, etc. Handle it according to law and prohibit others from illegally collecting, disseminating and using your personal information.
(3) Citizens have the right to keep the contents of personal communication confidential, and it is forbidden for others to view, spy on or disclose their letters, telephones, faxes and emails without authorization. Citizens have the right to use their personal information to engage in activities beneficial to society, such as writing their own special life experiences as autobiographies and publishing their own letters.
6, the consequences of infringement of privacy:
Invasion of others' privacy is not only a violation of social morality, but also an illegal act. Infringement of others' right to privacy should be investigated by law.
7. How to respect the privacy of others: P5 1-52
(1) To respect the privacy of others, we must establish a sense of privacy. Make it clear that everyone is an independent individual, divorced from our traditional culture? Is the father a child and the husband a wife? This old concept of promoting personality attachment; Do not interfere in other people's private space, do not gossip, do not expose people's shortcomings, and do not disturb people's peace; I am not keen on asking about other people's private affairs and spreading other people's secrets because of curiosity. We should correct some bad habits of not respecting others' privacy.
(2) To respect the privacy of others, we need to strengthen our sense of responsibility and credibility. Personal privacy has two most loyal guardians ―― responsibility and reputation. Responsibility ensures the safety of personal privacy, and reputation reflects loyalty to others. Relatives, friends and classmates often share some personal secrets, which is based on mutual trust. At this point, we should bear the responsibility and credibility of this privacy, which can not only protect our own privacy, but also protect and respect the privacy of others.
8. Why should people respect each other's privacy? P52 end
9. How to protect citizens' privacy? P54-55
1 Improve laws and regulations; 2. Strengthen ideological and moral construction; Enhance the concept of legal system, self-protection awareness, and lock yourself in privacy.
10. What should I do if my privacy is violated? P54 (Our three-step thinking can also be used).
When the right to privacy is infringed, we should bravely take up legal weapons and ask the infringer to stop the infringement and apologize by consulting with the infringer and requesting judicial protection. If you have caused great mental pain, you have the right to ask for mental compensation.
1 1. Maintaining privacy does not mean self-isolation. P55
Protecting privacy does not mean self-isolation. When you encounter difficulties, puzzles or troubles, you should learn to communicate with trustworthy people in order to get the understanding and help you need for growth.