Xiangzi's behavior of blocking the coachman is also worth learning. At that time, he was strong, self-controlled, diligent, confident, patient, determined and never careless. Aren't these qualities that a student should have in his study and life? If Xiangzi had been born in this era, he would have made great achievements.
After watching Xiangzi Camel, I also thought of something I came into contact with: didn't Xiangzi ruin his life on a rickshaw because he was incompetent? He has only one power. What can he do if he loses his job? You can only pull one car. Aren't we studying now to avoid the recurrence of Xiangzi's tragedy? How important it is to study!
Camel Xiangzi inspired me a lot.
Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi is a tragic work, which has been gripping and inspiring readers with its tragedy for half a century. Xiangzi, the hero of the novel, is recognized as a typical image of Japanese rickshaw pullers and even individual workers in other cities in the history of modern literature, and is generally regarded as synonymous with such coolies. He is a person who felt the great power and far-reaching influence of art from the same junior high school. This is not an artistic attraction or ideological touch in the general sense, but a reflection that penetrates the soul and leads to reality. Readers can remember the tragedies that happened again and again, and the tragic effect of "pity and fear" aroused from it is naturally particularly heavy and unforgettable for a long time!
( 1)
Camel Xiangzi is about the tragedy of a rickshaw driver named Xiangzi, who was nicknamed "Camel" in Peiping, old China.
Xiangzi came from the countryside and was a bankrupt farmer. He saved the sugarcane farmers, nurtured him and educated him. But now I don't want to go back to the countryside, eager to create a new life in the city. In modern China, due to the sudden bankruptcy of rural areas, poor farmers flooded into cities to find a new way out. This image is an artistic summary of the writer's unfortunate experience after coming to this city. When he arrived in the city, Xiangzi chose to pull rickshaws in order to buy rickshaws and be an independent worker. He takes his determination very seriously, which is his wish, hope and even religion. After struggling for three years, I finally bought a car, but after driving for half a year, it was taken away, and I saved money again. Before I bought a car, my savings were blackmailed. It didn't take long to buy another car, because life forced me to buy it. Every disaster is a heavy blow. This made him suspicious, but he tried to pull himself together and start a new struggle. He repeatedly struggled with life with a strong will and a stubborn attitude, showing a camel-like tenacity. This personality fully reflects the urgency of individual workers who moved to the bottom of the city for a better life and their tenacious spirit of fighting for it. And a strong man like Xiangzi worked hard and failed. It is more powerful to show that their humble fate can never be changed by personal efforts. In Xiangzi's image, personality and * * *, personal special experience and everyone's * * * experience have been well unified, which makes this character have a high typical significance.
Tragedy often destroys beautiful and valuable things to people, resulting in the artistic effect and ideological function of tragedy. The earliest tragedy theory has clearly put forward the proposition that "tragedy always imitates people who are better than us today", requiring writers to highlight the beauty of tragic characters. This is how Xiangzi is portrayed in Camel Xiangzi. Xiangzi used to be an honest laborer who loved life. At the beginning of the novel, the description of his appearance and the description of his rickshaw pulling are all brilliant, which has become a hymn to youth, health and labor. The novel also uses more space to describe Xiangzi's inner world. When he was in Cao Fula's rickshaw, he accidentally overturned, the rickshaw was damaged and the owner fell. Willing to return the salary to the owner as compensation reflects a worker's sense of responsibility and honor. In a small teahouse on a cold winter night, he bought mutton buns to satisfy his hunger for two generations of old horses' grandparents and grandchildren, and also devoted sincere care and deep sympathy to his suffering partners. These paragraphs describe Xiangzi's quality with unpretentious pen and ink, and the author even uses strange metaphors to describe this character as if he could be a good ghost even in hell.
However, Xiangzi, who was a good ghost in hell, was not always a good man on earth. With the disillusionment of life wishes, he became a completely different person. "He eats, he drinks, he gambles, he is a prostitute, he is lazy and he is cunning." They all took advantage of it. Pulling rickshaws used to be his only hope for a few dollars, but later he hated it and even his appearance became dirty. By the end of the novel, he had become a tramp. Among the changes of Xiangzi, what is more important is the change of his attitude towards life. He has never been a conscious worker, let alone a hero. But his desire to buy a car and be an independent worker, to some extent, expressed his resistance to fate and his efforts to change his humble situation. Finally, he was satisfied with his fate. "It's all support, don't think about anything." He gave in to life and endured all the insults and injuries, but he didn't.
Xiangzi was deprived of not only cars and savings, but also the virtues of workers, the will to make progress and the goal of life. Here, the destruction of goodness is not the physical destruction of a noble hero, but the loss of noble character, that is, the spiritual destruction. He has no heart. His heart has been taken away. As the ancients said, sorrow is greater than death in the heart. This is why Xiangzi has a particularly strong sense of tragedy.
(2)
Man's life in society is restricted by society, and his path is determined by his social environment, his social status and his various connections with society. Xiangzi's image was highlighted in the dark society at that time and in his complicated relationship with various social forces. His tragedy is mainly the product of the society in which he lives.
The blow to Xiangzi first came from reactionaries. The first car was taken away by deserters from the northern warlords, and the savings from buying the second car were blackmailed by Kuomintang spy Sun. These descriptions are brief, and things happen suddenly and accidentally, but like all really great realistic works, what they show is the inevitable trend of development.
The news of the war outside the city has been circulating for ten days. In order to covet a few dollars, Xiangzi boldly pulled a cart to the western suburbs. Just out of the city gate, he was taken away by deserters, both men and cars. The works show that it was an era of warlord melee, and the war constantly harassed people's lives and threatened people's safety. It is also mentioned in the work that if deserters are caught by people in the village, at least they are buried alive. From people's abhorrence of deserters, it reveals how these troops brutally trample on the people. In such a turbulent and reactionary era, Xiangzi's bad luck is only an episode in the catastrophe caused by years of war.
It turned out that Detective Sun followed Xiangzi's master, Mr. Cao. This has nothing to do with the former Xiangzi, nor is it in their plan to blackmail Xiangzi. But since they met him, "Xiangzi deserves everything he meets!" Xiangzi's social status determines that any blow can and can fall on his head at will. The more accidental they come, the more they can show the inevitability of this blow.
The reason of Xiangzi's tragedy is also reflected in Xiangzi's own marriage problem. Introducing Tigress, the daughter of Si Liu, the owner of the parking lot, into Xiangzi's life circle and describing their emotional entanglements became another important reason for Xiangzi's tragic ending.
Xiangzi married Tigress in an unhappy marriage. Their union is always unnatural. Tigress is the daughter of Si Liu, the owner of the parking lot, and Si Liu is a rogue, a cruel and hypocritical rogue. Under his education, Tigress became a rough and aggressive woman, and also laid the brand of the exploiting class. In order to get Tigress to help him run the parking lot, Si Liu is a girl in her thirties, and she still refuses to let her get married, asking Tigress to ruin her youth for him. But like other young women, he pursues his freedom of marriage. He loves young, honest and diligent Xiangzi, and his feelings for him are real. He always hurts Xiangzi, not plays with him. Therefore, her situation is worthy of sympathy. Her insistence on marrying Xiangzi is also a rebellious act for her family. However, due to their different economic status, their marriage life has produced various contradictions, especially the serious differences in their life paths, which have become the pain of Xiangzi's life. Tigress has true feelings for him, but it is largely because of her egoism. She hopes to get her father's permission to let her and Xiangzi run the parking lot. At least she wants to use part of her private money to "get two or three cars" and be a small car owner. Unlike Tigress, Xiangzi intends to own a car, "live comfortably" and be a self-reliant person from the standpoint of class. Obviously, there are serious differences in their attitudes towards life and their personalities, which shows that there will be contradictions and conflicts after their marriage, and they are by no means peaceful. Both of them live according to their own life ideals. Tigress wants to buy some cars and be the owner herself. Xiangzi can stay with her all day without driving. Xiangzi always avoids Tigress. He hates Tigress. It will be very painful to stay at home with Tigress all day. Besides, Xiangzi is diligent and used to this leisurely and enjoyable life. He originally wanted to pull a rickshaw, and he loves to pull a rickshaw. Tigress, relying on her own economic strength, always wants to let Xiang be at her mercy. This made Xiangzi feel pain and injustice. Although Xiangzi is right, he clearly feels that "if he wants her, he will lose him", and he is just begging his wife for food. Even so, Xiangzi's life is stable. It's a pity that they lived for more than a year, Tigress died in childbirth, and Xiangzi lost her financial support and was cornered.
Xiangzi's marriage tragedy made him suffer the same mental torture and blow as the previous two. Neither the deserter nor the spy had the right to kill him, but the trap set by Tigress made him suffer. His sense of responsibility as a man prevented him from abandoning her when she was in trouble. Hit a wall everywhere, he had to go back to her. He had no choice. There is nothing he can do about it. He clearly realized that "life is his own, but it is called the control of others." This has played a more important role in corroding his will to survive, breaking his desire to survive, from hard work to self-doubt and self-degradation. Here, it is manifested as the destruction and torture that goes straight into people's hearts. Xiangzi not only can't get what he wants, but even can't refuse what he hates. These fully depict the complex content of life and Xiangzi's humble situation. The unfortunate experience of Xiangzi's personal life comes from this evil old society in the final analysis. It is through the tragedy in the spiritual life of the characters that the author further accuses and exposes the evil social system.
In a sense, Camel Xiangzi is another character tragedy. In addition to social oppression and exploitation, there are also reasons for the tragic hero's own personality.
As an ordinary urban self-employed, Xiangzi's personality and even his image in the countryside have left many distinct marks, whether he is strong, diligent and simple, or narrow-minded, conservative and cautious, that is, his appearance, living habits, mental state and spiritual temperament all have a strong earthy flavor, showing the characteristics of coming from the countryside, a little rural habits and peasant consciousness. He is different from the general coachman. He didn't "stick to the rules" and entered the garage, or because he kept the stiff and honest mentality and temperament he developed in the countryside. He and Gao Ma, who are scheming and exquisite, are self-employed in Cao Fu, but their manners and inner activities are in sharp contrast everywhere. Therefore, Camel Xiangzi is actually a tragedy in which a simple and honest rural youth degenerates into a city hooligan. In him, the pursuit of being an individual worker and the pure and beautiful peasant character are lost at the same time, which is an important feature of Xiangzi's artistic model and an important clue of this tragedy.
Xiangzi, who used to be as tough as a camel from the outside to the inside, always had an unspeakable loneliness and powerlessness in his heart. He can do nothing about almost anything. When he felt distressed and afraid because he was cornered, what made him sad even more was that his grievances had nowhere to tell. This can't be explained only by the fact that he is an individual worker. They are bound by a scattered and narrow mode of production and lifestyle. It is true that they are narrow-minded and short-sighted. They are selfish and indifferent because they are self-sufficient, but as workers, they are kind and helpful, especially to their own similar workers and unfortunate people. Political issues are not completely divorced from the countryside and unwilling to have anything to do with the countryside. On the other hand, he didn't take root in city life, and he didn't even know how to establish proper contact with the new living environment in order to get the care and help of others. Only in this way will he feel so lonely, helpless, at a loss, particularly vulnerable and unable to withstand blows and setbacks.
The biggest feature of Xiangzi's personality is the subjective cause of this tragedy. It is his strong desire and urgent requirement to change his social status and life destiny through personal struggle. Since he is heavily oppressed by the whole society, it is naturally difficult for him to succeed in his isolated and scattered personal struggle. Even if he has his own car and keeps it, how can he get rid of the depression and really become an independent and happy worker? This unrealistic plan made him blind from the beginning, and all sincere efforts were beyond doubt. Only failure and tragedy await him. The writer's description of Xiangzi's character did not stop there, but also made a detailed excavation at a deeper level. He wrote that Xiangzi constantly had reflections and doubts about his efforts. So after he lost his car for the first time, although he still wanted to save money by pulling it, he still remembered it. I feel blocked when I think of it, and I can't help thinking, what if I am stronger? Even if another one comes soon, how do you know it won't happen again? It can be seen that he had a premonition of the bleak future and asked himself a rhetorical question, but the immediate answer was still "even if you buy it today, you have to buy it tomorrow." This is his wish, hope, even religion. It's like living in vain if you don't pull the cart yourself ... His best hope is to buy a car. If you have to buy a car, you can't let yourself down ... if you forget this, he will forget himself. He felt that he was just a running animal, without any promotion or human flavor. "The conclusion is that no matter how much it costs," a car can support everything ". As individual workers, they only feel their own value and meaning in life in this pursuit. In Xiangzi's place, the car has been integrated into his life, although he has long compared his efforts to "straying into luoquan Hutong, going around and returning to the original place." "But he still ran like this, first full of hope. Here, sobriety and confusion, sobriety and blindness are almost the same thing, and it is meaningless to distinguish them. If Xiangzi had been content with his fate from the beginning without praying, none of this would have happened, at least it would not have made people feel so sympathetic and sigh? The internal relationship between Xiangzi's character and tragedy is very clear in these descriptions.
Such a personality tragedy not only aroused the readers' introspection at that time, but today, such a small-scale production consciousness still remains in people's minds, hindering the development and progress of themselves and the whole society, and the description can still make people excited, thought-provoking and deeply inspired.
(3)
By digging into the depths of Xiangzi's soul, the author successfully shaped the typical image of the lower class workers in the city and revealed that Xiangzi's tragedy came from the evil old society and old system. The old society not only took away his car and the money he accumulated with sweat, but also took away Xiangzi's pure soul and the virtue of working people and destroyed his soul. For a person, nothing is more precious than the soul, and nothing is more serious than the loss of the soul. It is through the image of Xiangzi that the author strongly accuses the darkness and evil of this society.
Through the image of Xiangzi, the work puts forward a very serious and urgent social problem, that is, the fate and outlet of the lower class, which shows the profound ideological and practical significance of the work Camel Xiangzi. None of the works reflecting the life of rickshaw pullers after the May 4th Movement has reached this height, and Camel Xiangzi is mature in both ideological depth and artistic skills. The author describes the failure process of Xiangzi's tenacious struggle for an independent human right, which is thought-provoking and inspires people to think about how to get rid of the unfortunate fate and find a brand-new road. This is a powerful artistic appeal of Xiangzi's image through the failure of personal struggle.
Tragic works always appeal to people to face up to the cruelty of life and the hardship of struggle, as well as people's mental pain. At the same time, they solemnly expressed their desire to bid farewell to all things that make people feel pity and fear, expecting them to become the past as soon as possible. Even if all the disasters, sufferings and mistakes described in the works have really passed, tragedies-especially outstanding figures in the middle period-can be truly described, and they can seriously think together and be full of passionate rationality and thinking. Not only recorded in the history of literature, but also engraved in people's hearts. Camel Xiangzi is such a work.