How harmful is benzene pollution to health?

Benzene pollutants are organic substances harmful to human health. Benzene series (including benzene, toluene, xylene, etc. ) is a colorless gas with special aromatic smell, which belongs to aromatic compounds and is the product of coal tar distillation or petroleum cracking. It is a colorless liquid with special aromatic smell at room temperature and is volatile. Benzene is widely used in industry, and the industries in contact mainly include dye industry, raw materials for pesticide production and perfume production. Once the water body is polluted by benzene, when can it be cleaned up? Experts believe that if the benzene emission is small and the water quality is good, it may be diluted by itself within 8~ 10 days. However, if the pollution is large and the water quality of the original river is poor, I am afraid it will take months or even a year to self-purify.

When a large amount of benzene is discharged into benzene water, floating liquid will appear on the water surface with a pungent smell, and aquatic organisms such as fish will die. Benzene is poisonous After people ingest, inhale or absorb a large amount of benzene, they will have headache, nausea, abdominal pain, anesthesia symptoms and even death.

Acute benzene poisoning is mainly manifested by the anesthetic effect of the central nervous system. Mild symptoms are excitement, euphoria, unsteady gait, dizziness, headache, nausea and vomiting. In severe cases, people may be unconscious, from shallow coma to deep coma or convulsion, and even lead to respiratory and heartbeat stop. Long-term repeated exposure to low-concentration benzene can cause chronic poisoning, mainly damaging the nervous system and hematopoietic system, which is characterized by headache, dizziness, insomnia, persistent leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency. Aniline has a strong smell and is slightly soluble in water. It mainly enters the human body through the skin, respiratory tract and digestive tract, thus destroying blood and causing hemolytic anemia, damaging the liver and causing toxic hepatitis, and even leading to various cancers.

Nitrobenzene is a colorless to light yellow oily liquid with bitter almond flavor, flammable and slightly soluble in water. Once nitrobenzene pollutes the water source, it will cause serious deterioration of water quality. Nitrobenzene is a highly toxic substance, which invades human body through respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin, and mainly acts on blood, liver and central nervous system, which can transform hemoglobin into methemoglobin, lose the ability to transport oxygen, and cause skin and mucous membrane hypoxia and cyanosis. Emergency 1. Patients with inhalation poisoning should be quickly transferred to fresh air to keep warm and rest.

2. Oral poisoners use activated carbon suspension or sodium bicarbonate solution to gastric lavage and induce vomiting, and then take cathartic and diuretic drugs to speed up the excretion of poisons in the body and reduce the absorption of poisons.

3. People with skin poisoning should replace contaminated clothes, shoes and socks, and wash their skin and hair repeatedly with soapy water and clear water.

4. Coma and convulsion patients should remove oral foreign bodies as soon as possible, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, and be escorted to the hospital for treatment by special personnel. (comprehensive)