It is an important content of rehabilitation treatment to use artificial or natural physical factors to act on the human body, so that it can produce favorable reactions and achieve the purpose of preventing and treating diseases.
Physical factors can cause human reactions through the direct local and indirect effects of nerves and body fluids, regulate blood circulation, improve nutritional metabolism, improve immune function, regulate nervous system function and promote tissue repair, thus eliminating pathogenic factors, improving pathological process and achieving the purpose of treating diseases. Commonly used artificial physical factors include electricity, light, sound, magnetism, temperature and mechanical force. Electrotherapy can be divided into direct current, low frequency, intermediate frequency, high frequency and static electricity. Phototherapy is divided into infrared, visible light, ultraviolet and laser therapy; Acoustic therapy is divided into ultrasonic therapy and ultra-low sound therapy; Therapeutics using temperature include hyperthermia, cold therapy and cryotherapy. Therapy using mechanical force includes massage, massage, manual therapy, traction and exercise. Exercise therapy is an important part of physical therapy, and it is a method to prevent and treat diseases by comprehensively utilizing patients' strength and external mechanical force. Commonly used natural physical factors include sunshine, atmosphere, seawater, mineral springs, mountains, forests and so on. People are in different natural environments and accept the comprehensive influence of different natural physical factors in the environment to prevent and treat diseases. Artificial physical factors can also be used for physical diagnosis. Physiotherapy departments often use low-frequency pulse electricity to measure the functional state of peripheral nerves, use pressure sensors to measure the change of human center of gravity to judge the balance function, use ultraviolet erythema reaction to judge whether human body is sensitive to sunlight, and use the electrical excitability of acupoints to judge the functional state of meridians. Physical therapy is widely used in clinic, such as acute and chronic inflammation, acute and chronic injury, limb motor dysfunction, pain syndrome, visceral organ dysfunction and so on.
Physical therapy can be divided into two categories:
Artificial physical factor therapy
electrotherapy
Including (electrostatic therapy, direct current therapy, low frequency electrotherapy, intermediate frequency electrotherapy, high frequency electrotherapy, ultra-high frequency electrotherapy, ultra-high frequency electrotherapy, iontophoresis, ionized air therapy, electric water bath therapy, radio frequency therapy, etc. )
1. direct current therapy
(1) Simple direct current therapy: A method of applying direct current to human body to treat diseases can promote fracture healing.
Use. Low dose DC cathode can promote bone growth. However, those with high fever, cachexia, heart failure, acute eczema and bleeding tendency are prohibited.
(2) Direct current iontophoresis: a method of treating diseases by direct current iontophoresis.
(3) Electric water bath therapy: the method of immersing limbs in water and then applying different waveforms of current for treatment.
2. Low frequency pulse electrotherapy
The method of treating diseases with various waveforms of pulse current with frequency lower than 1000HZ has a strong stimulating effect.
Induced electricity (1): Also known as Faraday current, the method of using this current to treat diseases is called induced electricity. It is suitable for diseases such as disuse muscular atrophy and nerve function loss.
(2) neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy: a method of treating diseases by stimulating neuromuscular with low-frequency pulse current and causing muscle contraction.
(3) Hyperstimulation current therapy: low-frequency pulse electrotherapy with current intensity exceeding the general dose.
(4) Intermittent electrotherapy: On the basis of direct current, half-wave or full-wave rectified low-frequency sinusoidal current is superimposed to treat diseases.
3. Intermediate frequency sinusoidal electrotherapy adopts sinusoidal alternating current with frequency of 1000 ~ 100000 Hz as the treatment method.
(1) Interference current therapy: a method of treating diseases by inputting two intermediate frequency sinusoidal currents with a frequency difference of 0 ~ 100 Hz into human body to form an interference field, thus generating a low-frequency modulated pulse intermediate frequency current of 0 ~ 100 Hz.
Indications: local blood circulation disorder, such as ischemic muscle spasm; Peripheral nerve diseases, such as neuralgia, neuritis, nerve paralysis and muscle atrophy caused by peripheral nerve injury or inflammation.
(2) Constant amplitude intermediate frequency sinusoidal electrotherapy: it is a method of applying constant amplitude intermediate frequency sinusoidal current with frequency of 1000 ~ 5000 Hz for treatment.
Indications: strain, sprain, contusion, arthritis, scapulohumeral periarthritis, osteoarthritis, lateral epicondylitis of humerus, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.
4. High-frequency electrotherapy uses alternating current with oscillation frequency higher than 1000 kHz to treat diseases.
(1) Short-wave therapy: a therapeutic method that applies high-frequency electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 30-30 million Hz to the human body.
(2) Ultra-short wave therapy: the treatment method of applying L0 ~ LM electromagnetic wave to human body.
(3) Microwave therapy: a therapeutic method of applying ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves from LM to LMM to human body.
Magnetic therapy
A method of treating diseases by applying magnetic fields to certain parts or acupoints of the human body. Including static magnetic field therapy, pulsed magnetic field therapy, low-frequency magnetic field therapy, medium-frequency electromagnetic therapy, high-frequency electromagnetic field therapy and so on.
phototherapy
Use sunlight or artificial light (infrared, ultraviolet, etc.). ) to prevent and treat diseases and promote the recovery of the body. Including infrared therapy, visible light therapy, ultraviolet therapy, laser therapy and so on.
1. infrared therapy uses infrared rays to treat diseases. Suitable for rheumatoid arthritis, radiculitis, multiple peripheral neuritis, spastic paralysis, peripheral nerve injury, etc.
2. Ultraviolet therapy uses ultraviolet rays to treat various diseases. It is suitable for various inflammations, fractures and neuralgia.
Ultrasonic therapy
1. Ultrasound therapy uses ultrasound to treat diseases. Suitable for all kinds of inflammation, sciatica, frostbite, sprain and contusion.
2. Ultrasound-intermittent electrotherapy is to treat diseases by applying ultrasound and intermittent electrotherapy to human body at the same time.
3. Ultrasonic drug osmotic therapy is a kind of treatment method that makes drugs penetrate into the human body through intact skin or mucosa by ultrasonic waves.
Conducted hyperthermia
A method of using various heat sources as media to directly transfer heat to the human body to achieve the purpose of treatment.
1. Mud therapy:
After being heated, various mud-like substances are applied to some parts of the body as a medium to transfer heat to the human body and achieve therapeutic effects.
2. Paraffin therapy:
It is a method of applying heated and melted paraffin as a warm medium to the affected area and transferring heat energy to the human body to achieve the purpose of treatment.
3. Jade therapy: For example, the health workshop hyperthermia instrument uses the principle of electric heating to heat jade, which generates a lot of far infrared rays and acts on the human body. Far infrared rays are absorbed by the surface of human body to generate a large amount of heat energy, which is transmitted to deep subcutaneous tissue to activate human cells, promote metabolism and enhance human immune function, thus achieving the purpose of rehabilitation.
In addition, there are hydrotherapy, cryotherapy, exercise therapy, cupping therapy and electronic biofeedback therapy.
(2) Handling of natural factors.
Including mineral springs, climate, air, sunshine, seawater therapy, etc.
ayurveda
Self-study encyclopedia of yoga physiotherapy; After each yoga pose is completed, keep this pose for a certain period of time. This book deliberately doesn't specify how many seconds this action should be kept, or even how many times each gesture should be repeated. Because everyone's physical condition is different, the time to insist is different, and the number of repetitions of each posture varies from person to person. Just do what you think you can do! You don't have to count your breath, just follow the instructions. When the yoga instructor is not around, your body is the best instructor! At the same time, we sincerely hope that when you practice yoga, you should pay more attention to your body movements and your own breathing. Yoga is more than just a physical activity. Do it with your heart, and it will return you more!