As we all know, smoking is harmful to health. . Different cigarettes release different chemicals when they are lit, but the main chemicals are tar and carbon monoxide. The harmful substances produced by cigarette ignition can be roughly divided into six categories: (1) aldehydes, nitrides and olefins, which have irritating effects on respiratory tract. (2) Nicotine can stimulate sympathetic nerve and cause intimal injury. (3) Amines, cyanide and heavy metals are all toxic substances. (4) Radioactive substances such as phenylpropyl pyrene, arsenic, cadmium, methylhydrazine and aminophenol. These substances are carcinogenic. ⑤ Phenolic compounds and formaldehyde, etc. It has the effect of accelerating cancer. (6) Carbon monoxide will reduce the ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen to the whole body.
2, the harm of smoking to the human body A person who smokes/kloc-0.5 to 20 cigarettes a day is prone to lung cancer, oral cancer or laryngeal cancer, which is/kloc-0.4 times that of non-smokers; The mortality rate of esophageal cancer is four times higher than that of non-smokers. The risk of dying from bladder cancer is twice as high; The risk of dying of heart disease is twice as high. Smoking is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and chronic lung disease itself will increase the risk of pneumonia and heart disease, and smoking will also increase the risk of hypertension. Smoke (especially the tar contained in it) is a carcinogen-that is, it will cause cancer in the tissues it touches, so any part of the smoker's respiratory tract (including the mouth and throat) may cause cancer. Nicotine can make the heart beat faster and blood pressure rise. Tobacco smoke may be caused by carbon monoxide, which seems to promote the accumulation of atherosclerosis. This condition is one of the causes of many heart diseases. Heavy smokers are much more likely to die of a heart attack than non-smokers. Smoking women taking birth control pills will increase the risk of taking pregnancy drugs. Pregnant women who smoke 65,438+05 to 20 cigarettes a day are twice as likely to have an abortion as women who don't smoke, and are more likely to give birth to premature babies or weak children. The mortality rate of babies born to smoking women after childbirth is about 30% higher than that of babies born to non-smoking women. There is also the so-called "clean smoking", or second-hand smoke, which will increase the lung cancer of non-smokers. Therefore, it may not be helpful to switch to "light" cigarettes. A large number of habitual smokers usually develop the habit of taking a deep breath and increasing the number of cigarettes when switching to light cigarettes. Most smokers like to swallow a certain amount of cigarettes, so the digestive tract (especially the esophagus and pharynx) is at risk of cancer. Fine hairs arranged in the airway of the lung usually exclude hydrogen foreign bodies from the lung tissue. These villi will constantly sweep the particles in the lungs into phlegm or mucus and excrete them. In addition to causing cancer, the chemicals in tobacco smoke will gradually destroy some villi and increase mucus secretion, so there are chronic diseases in the lungs and bronchitis is also prone to infection. Obviously, the "smoker's cough" is due to the impairment of the mechanical efficiency of lung cleaning, so the amount of sputum has increased. Bladder cancer may be caused by inhaling carcinogenic chemicals contained in tar, which are absorbed by blood and then sampled in urine. The harm of smoking! ! !
3. Cigarettes are the most vicious killers in life-Consumers AssociationNo. 1999 Consumer WarningNo. 13 is well known. However, many people say that you suck mine. Some even think that smoking a cigarette can only save a few seconds, and smoking for a lifetime can't save two years, and they don't care. What is even more frightening is that at present, the ranks of smokers in China are expanding, the average age of smokers is decreasing, the number of female smokers is increasing, the average number of smokers is increasing every day, and the number of people who die of various diseases due to smoking is also increasing ... A large number of facts show that the harm of smoking to people's health has become one of the public hazards in the world. What poisons are contained in tobacco? What diseases can smoking cause? How does it poison the human body? Why do countries all over the world take tobacco control measures? The research of medical science in this field has never stopped. According to the detection, a series of chemical reactions of thermal decomposition and thermal synthesis will occur during the incomplete combustion of cigarettes, and a large number of new substances will be formed, with more than 3,000 harmful components, including more than 30 carcinogens and accelerators. Nicotine and smoke tar, which people often say, are just some of these toxic substances. Take these two substances for example. The former makes smokers addicted and suffer constantly, while the latter gradually becomes a "super killer" through deposition in the body, especially in the lungs. Experiments have proved that nicotine contained in cigarettes can poison a mouse; Nicotine in 20 cigarettes can poison a cow; The lethal dose of human is 50 -70 mg, which is equivalent to the nicotine content of 20-25 cigarettes. If nicotine in a cigar or three cigarettes is injected into a person's vein, it will kill him within 3-5 minutes. Carcinogens and promoters of tobacco tar are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and porphyrins, which can be deposited in the lungs and may become cancerous after years of accumulation. The probability of lung cancer in 45-year-old smokers for 20 years is 10 times that of non-smokers. Smoking can also lead to acute poisoning death. In China, there have also been many cases of lying on the ground spitting yellow water and dying. Therefore, Emperor Chongzhen ordered a ban on smoking. In the former Soviet Union, a young man smoked for the first time and died after smoking a big cigar. A 40-year-old healthy man who has been smoking for a long time in Britain smoked 14 cigars and 40 cigarettes overnight because he was engaged in an important job. He didn't feel well in the morning and died after being rescued by the doctor. A French club held a smoking competition. The winner smoked 60 cigarettes and died before receiving the prize. The other contestants are dying, so go to the hospital for emergency treatment. The social harm caused by smoking cannot be underestimated. Fire cases caused by smoking and littering unlit cigarette butts are often seen in newspapers. The most typical case is the forest fire in Daxinganling in May. 1987. The fire * * * caused great losses of 691.300 million yuan. Afterwards, it was found out that four of the first five fire spots of this catastrophic forest fire were caused by human beings, and two of them were ignited by cigarette butts of three smokers. It is reported that the largest survey on the relationship between smoking and death involving 6.5438+0.25 million people was conducted by Chinese and foreign medical scientists in China. The survey shows that among the male population in China, the number of deaths due to smoking is increasing rapidly. If the current smoking situation continues, China will face a large-scale epidemic of diseases caused by smoking.