A healthy person, with enough water to drink, can maintain his life even if he doesn't eat for a while. If there is no water, three days will lead to death. If you stay in the hot desert for less than two hours, death will come. So the Compendium of Materia Medica puts water in the first chapter. China's ancestors said that medicine is not as good as food, and food is not as good as water. Why is water so important to people?
② More than two thirds of human body is water. Water is the carrier for transporting nutrients to human tissues, excreting human wastes and circulating body fluids (such as blood), and is necessary for digesting food, lubricating joints and internal organs, and regulating body temperature. Water is a part of the blood system, which contains dissolved minerals, like dissolved calcium and magnesium, and is very important for maintaining the health of human tissues.
Drinking enough water is beneficial to prevent and treat diseases, for example, it can prevent colds and make cold patients recover as soon as possible. The reason is that colds are mostly caused by viruses, and the skin and mucosa of the body are the first line of defense against viruses and germs. Drinking enough water can avoid the dryness of skin and mucosa and help prevent bacteria and viruses from entering the human body. Adequate water can promote the human body to discharge waste and make patients recover as soon as possible.
Drinking enough water is conducive to creating a good mood. If people are in a state of psychological tension for a long time, the body can't resist the invasion of bacteria or viruses. So when we are upset, we should drink more water. Water itself has a calming effect on human body and is beneficial to human health. Drinking a small amount of water before going to bed can quickly calm the nerves and fall asleep.
⑤ Drinking plenty of water can delay aging and contribute to longevity. The process of human aging is the process of dehydration. For example, the increase of wrinkles in the elderly is caused by dry and dehydrated skin. With the increase of age, the proportion of water in human body weight will gradually decrease. The known proportion of water in human body is: 90% for fetus, 80% for newborn baby, 75% for teenagers, 70% for adult men and less than 65% for the elderly. Therefore, the elderly should especially develop the habit of drinking water.
How much water does a person need to drink a day? The water in normal people is always in a dynamic equilibrium state, and the intake and output are almost the same, and the range of change is 1%-2%. American scientists have determined that a middle-aged man weighing 65 kilograms excretes 2569 ml of water every day through urine, skin evaporation and other ways. In order to maintain the water balance in the human body, about 2560 ml of water must be added every day. However, the water we need is not entirely from drinking water, but also includes food such as grain, meat, vegetables and fruits, so the water we need from drinking water every day is about 1200ml. The capacity of the commonly used drinking cup is 200ml, that is, it takes about 68 cups a day to say that you have drunk enough water. Of course, this refers to the need to supplement drinking water of about 1/3 under normal conditions, under the conditions of high temperature weather, high exercise intensity and high labor intensity.
⑦ Also note that drinking cola and other beverages cannot replace drinking water. Drinks are mostly acidic. Drinking acidic drinks often will increase acidic substances in the body, which will easily lead to fatigue and reduce immune function. In addition, drinks contain sugar, and drinking too much will inhibit the feeding center and make people easy to eat.
(Selected from Nature and Man, with deletion)
16. What is the focus of this article? (2 points)
A: 17. From what aspects does this article explain the relationship between drinking water and health? (4 points)
A:
18. In paragraphs ⑤ and ⑤ of the article, the interpretation methods of column numbers are widely used. Please illustrate its function with examples. (3 points)
A:
19. At the end of the article, it is said that drinking cola and other drinks cannot replace drinking water. Drinking too much will inhibit the feeding center and make people prone to anorexia. In fact, drinking drinks instead of water is very common around us. After reading this article, what do you know about drinking drinks instead of water? Please briefly talk about drinking water knowledge and life phenomena around you in this article. (4 points)
A:
Reference answer:
16.(2 points) emphasized the importance of drinking water to human health (1 minute) and the problems that should be paid attention to in drinking water (1 minute).
17.(4 points) Explain from the following four aspects: ① Water is an essential substance for human body; Drinking enough water is conducive to disease prevention and treatment; Drinking enough water is conducive to creating a good mood; Drinking enough water can delay aging and contribute to longevity. (65438+ 0 for correct answer)
18.(3 points) This question has certain openness. Example 1, 2 points for explanation. Reference: ① Example: 90% of fetuses, 80% of newborn babies, 75% of teenagers, 70% of adult men and less than 65% of the elderly. Function: the proportion of water in human body weight will gradually decrease with the increase of age, which is accurately and concretely explained by numbers. (2) Example: A middle-aged man weighing 65 kg discharges 2569 ml of water every day. Function: It accurately explains the daily water displacement of middle-aged people with a specific weight. (3) For example, in order to keep the water balance in the human body, it is necessary to supplement about 2560ml of water every day or 1200ml of water obtained from drinking water every day. The capacity of an ordinary drinking cup is 200ml, which means that you need to drink about 68 cups every day. Function: Accurately explain the amount of water people need in one day, and reflect the accuracy of language.
19.(3 points) This is an open question, as long as the main points answered meet the requirements of the question. (2 points for your own understanding, combined with the drinking knowledge in this article and the phenomenon that drinking drinks instead of drinking water in life, 1 point. If the language is not fluent, the penalty will be deducted as appropriate)