Good pediatricians can find growth retardation early, give early education, diagnose and find children with cerebral palsy as soon as possible, and refer them to older ADHD, autism or language retardation, such as articulation, which is also a challenge for pediatricians.
Other children's problems include how to deal with foreskin inflammation and find cryptorchidism hernia. Pediatricians should pay attention to the problem of precocious puberty in primary schools.
Of course, parents are most nervous when they are infected with fever, and some children's symptoms change rapidly, which tests the diagnosis and treatment of pediatricians and the trust of parents. A good pediatrician has keen vigilance, can correctly diagnose children's diseases at an early stage, give appropriate treatment, communicate and explain clearly to parents, and explain what should be observed and paid attention to when going home to take care of sick babies, and make an appointment for a follow-up visit if necessary.
Allergy control, prevention is better than cure. The most common chronic diseases in pediatrics are allergies, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Strengthening environmental control and adding anti-inflammatory maintenance drugs can mostly control stability, and many children with asthma will reduce their attacks when they grow up. However, some parents want to radically cure allergies, or don't think that asthma needs continuous treatment and maintenance. They often seek medical advice everywhere until symptoms appear, ignoring that the recurrent symptoms of allergic diseases (such as allergic rhinitis and asthma) need to be improved through drug maintenance and environmental control.
The common steroid phobia in pediatric clinics is that you don't want steroids, but only ask for temporary relief of symptoms. Parents who don't want their children to take drugs for so long and don't use maintenance drugs are not uncommon. In fact, repeated allergic attacks are often regarded as colds, which can't be seen everywhere and are easily infected.
How to choose a good pediatrician? Clearly explain the disease and provide health education information. It often happens in pediatric clinics that people who take babies to see doctors don't know the symptoms of the babies, because they are not the usual caregivers, so they can't ask for detailed medical history.
In fact, because many families in the metropolitan area have double salaries, parents often take their children to see a doctor and leave them to their elders or nannies to take care of them at home. In addition to explaining the course of disease in detail, doctors can also provide health education materials (health education information leaflets), medication consultation, medication precautions during the course of disease or consult health education information on the clinic website. Related parenting books can be convenient for many parents.
If the joint practice of pediatric outpatient service or hospital pediatric outpatient service lasts for a long time, you can call for consultation after taking the medicine if necessary, and you can go back to the outpatient service for examination and treatment if necessary. If it is necessary to assess the severity of the disease, you will recommend referral (emergency).
Many pediatric clinics, because the whole family is infected together, even the adults at home go to see a doctor together (family pediatrics). Some pediatrics provide family medical teams and 24-hour telephone consultation systems. Because almost all family diseases are treated in the same clinic, family information and family history can be used as reference for the diagnosis and treatment of children's diseases.
Moreover, the baby sees a doctor in the same clinic. Since childhood, he has been vaccinated in the same place, and his constitution and past medical history, vaccination history and adverse drug reaction records can be seen at a glance.
See a doctor according to his specialty. Many pediatricians have special training in hospitals (medical centers), such as allergies and gastrointestinal diseases. If children suffer from common diseases or special diseases such as epilepsy, they can see a doctor in a clinic or hospital according to the special training of pediatricians. In addition to the recommendations of relatives and friends, articles published by doctors, medical research and research results can be consulted online.
Of course, some special diseases need to be treated in the hospital (for example, children with immunodeficiency need to go back to the hospital for immunoglobulin every month), but general problems can be treated in pediatric clinics that are familiar with the hospital's condition, or in other outpatient clinics of the hospital, and they can cooperate with each other.
Good infection control, warm and good environment layout, warm colors and cartoon graphics can reduce children's fear of the environment and reduce reinfection. Wash your hands and wear a mask during infection (such as influenza). In addition, clinics can provide alcohol to wash mobile phones, squeeze hand milk in the sink, and clinics should strengthen regular disinfection. The line of outpatient service and proper space are good environments for pediatric outpatient service.
In fact, children's oral and nasal secretions and vomit are one of the biggest sources of infection. Children in pediatric clinics can reduce unnecessary routine sniffling and reduce the chance of mutual infection. However, at home, nurses should still be able to properly handle oral and nasal secretions, vomit and feces to avoid infecting other children.
For highly contagious infants (such as enterovirus and influenza), medical staff should strengthen hand washing, especially for infants with poor resistance before seeing a doctor. Many pediatricians are used to strengthening hand washing. After parents go out to work or go to public places (including medical institutions), they should wash their hands, wash their faces, change clothes or take a shower before holding their children at home. Children should also be isolated from other young children when they are sick.
Zhan Qianjun
Education: Graduated from China Medical University, majoring in children's emergency.
Experience: Vice Chairman of Continuing Education Committee of Taiwan Province Pediatric Medical Association, researcher of Children's Hospital of Columbia University in new york, USA.
Current position: Zhan, pediatric outpatient physician, pediatric attending physician of Taian Hospital.