Nails are white;
(1) If the appearance of nails is often white, it means that there is not enough blood in the body, which is a symbol of anemia.
(2) The nail wax is dull, which is the manifestation of bleeding from chronic hemorrhagic diseases such as ulcer or hookworm disease.
(3) Most nails are white, and the normal pink color is reduced to only a small strip near the fingertip, which may be a sign of cirrhosis.
(4) The distal end of ground-glass white nails is reddish brown, which can be seen in chronic renal insufficiency and congestion. $
(5) Transverse white lines appear on nails, which can be seen in metal poisoning such as arsenic and lead, or Hodgkin's disease and pellagra.
(6) There are two white lines on the nails, which often suggest that albumin in the blood is reduced, which is more common in hypoproteinemia of chronic kidney disease.
(7) Spots or filamentous white spots appear on the deck surface, which are often malnutrition, and are mostly symbols of chronic liver disease, liver cirrhosis and kidney disease.
(8) Nails are usually grayish white, which may be a sign of late pulmonary tuberculosis and heart failure due to cor pulmonale.
In addition, some of all white nails may be congenital, while others are occupational. White patches and vertical stripes appear periodically on the nails of the elderly, which is a common change of the nails of the elderly, not morbid, so don't worry.
Nails are yellow;
(1) Yellow nails generally indicate liver problems, mostly jaundice hepatitis and chronic hemorrhagic diseases.
(2) Hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome and carotene anemia can cause onychomycosis.
(3) If the nails are not only yellow and thick, but also have large lateral curvature and slow growth, less than 0.2 mm per week, plus pleural effusion and primary lymphedema, this is "yellow nail syndrome".
(4) If you see a nail that looks like hammered brass, it is caused by an autoimmune alopecia that we know little about at present, which can make people lose some or all of their hair.
(5) If you find yellowing around your fingertips, be alert to malignant melanoma.
In addition, long-term use of tetracycline drugs, nails can also be yellow, the elderly due to nail degeneration, slightly yellowish, long-term smoking, yellow nails, these can not be considered pathological nails.
Nails are red;
(1) People who are dark red near the nail root and pale white at the middle and front of the nail body are mostly coughing and expectoration. On the contrary, the half near the nail tip is pink or red, and the half near the protective film is white, which may be a sign of chronic renal failure.
(2) Nails are all dark red, which is a symbol of early tuberculosis and intestinal tuberculosis. If you press your nails, the disease of rapid recovery of blood color is lighter, and the course of slow recovery of blood color is longer.
(3) Red spots or vertical red stripes appear under the fingernails, indicating that capillary bleeding may be due to hypertension, dermatosis, heart infection, or some potentially serious diseases. _
(4) Erythema appears around nails, suggesting that it may be dermatomyositis or systemic lupus erythematosus.
(5) A transverse red band appears at the anterior end of nail, suggesting inflammation of gastrointestinal tract, or prolapse of heart valve and atrial-ventricular septal defect.
(6) The nail is crimson, and the color remains unchanged under pressure, suggesting that some internal organs may have serious inflammation.
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Nails are purple;
(1) This is the characteristic of heart disease and hematological diseases, which reflects the lack of oxygen in the blood or the abnormality of some components.
(2) If purple and pale colors appear alternately, it can be seen in limb arterial spasm. z
Nails are blue;
(1) The patient with acute abdomen suddenly had cold limbs and blue nails. z6:V=
(2) Pregnant women with fetal death in utero will have persistent blue nails.
(3) In addition, it is observed that blue ecchymosis on nails may indicate poisoning or early cancer.
(4) The nails are bluish purple, which is more common in lung diseases such as congenital heart disease, lobar pneumonia and severe emphysema. *
Nails are green:
(1) The deck turns green partially or completely, which is mostly related to the occupation of long-term contact with soap and detergent. )V
(2) Sometimes it can also be caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Aspergillus viridis infection. T@7RF "
Nails are blue: H.
(1) Patients with diphtheria, lobar pneumonia, acute intestinal infectious diseases and esophageal foreign body obstruction have blue nails. Gj
(2) When hepatolenticular degeneration occurs, the metabolism of copper is disordered, and sometimes blue nail appears. [& gt；
(3) Intestinal cyanosis caused by eating stale vegetables and nitrite poisoning can make normal low-iron hemoglobin oxidized or methemoglobin lose its oxygen transmission ability, leading to tissue hypoxia, which leads to cyanosis and cyanosis. However, it should be noted that some drugs such as sulfur, nitrite, hexylene and primaquine can also cause cyanosis.
(4) The nail root is blue and half-moon. The appearance of this kind of nail may mean that the patient has blood circulation disorder, heart disease, or Raynaud's syndrome, and sometimes it is related to rheumatoid arthritis or autoimmune disease lupus erythematosus. Tanzania
Nails are gray: a
(1) can be seen in patients with systemic diseases, myxedema, rheumatoid arthritis or hemiplegia.
(2) malnutrition, nails will thicken or shrink, and appear pigmentation or gray.
(3) When the lower thumb is gray and wavy, it is common in glaucoma. a
Nails are black.
(1) Most of them are caused by trauma. Bleeding under the injured nail began to turn purple-red, and it turned purple-black after a long time.
(2) The increase of melanin in nail bed and the deposition of heavy metal silver will produce dark brown nails. Q
(3) When there is paronychia infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under or around the nail, the nail can be black or blue. (
(4) Chronic renal failure with obvious blackening of the distal nails.
(5) Vitamin B 12 deficiency, hypoadrenocortical function, gastrointestinal polyp syndrome or long-term exposure to coal tar. , nails will turn gray-black.
(6) When the nails are black or brown, or freckles appear, they most often occur on the thumb and big toe, especially when the nails and their surrounding tissues are brown or black, which may mean that they have a malignant tumor-melanoma.
(7) When a few black lines grow at the root of the nail, they usually only reach the middle of the nail, indicating that cancer is occurring or has occurred in the body. You should go to the hospital immediately for further examination, definite diagnosis and early treatment.