The purpose of patient education is to let patients know, believe and act. Taoist knowledge: let patients know the general knowledge of diseases and check the purpose of treatment and nursing points. Letter: Nurses use rich knowledge to help guide patients, make patients feel that nurses are credible, and form beliefs in practice. Once knowledge becomes faith, it dominates people's actions. Ok: Use the influence of nurses to guide patients, and patients will put the knowledge given by nurses into action.
The role of patient education can alleviate patients' anxiety. Patients have strange and nervous psychology when they are in hospital, especially those who need surgery. Nurses should educate patients according to different stages of treatment, and explain the purpose, precautions and cooperation methods of various examinations, treatments and drugs. Let patients know what they are doing and actively cooperate with treatment and nursing. Many nursing activities of patients during hospitalization need to be completed by nurses and patients. For example, preoperative posture exercises, postoperative functional exercises, and effective expectoration methods all need patients to complete under the guidance of nursing. Therefore, nurses and patients should form a new nurse-patient relationship of guidance, participation and cooperation in nursing activities, instead of simply helping patients to do it and mobilizing patients' subjective initiative to actively participate in self-care activities. Many patients don't know the danger of the disease after getting sick. Once their condition improves, they don't take medicine according to the doctor's advice and don't pay attention to rest, which leads to the recurrence of the disease and even other complications. Therefore, nurses should explain the importance of taking medicine on time and various precautions according to the characteristics of the disease to avoid the recurrence and complications of the disease.
2. Rational use of patient education forms
Our hospital has adopted the following three forms of one-on-one education: the nurse in charge gives education and guidance according to the specific situation of patients. Nurses understand patients' physiological, psychological, social and cultural conditions, evaluate patients' health knowledge, and provide targeted education and guidance for their lack of health knowledge, which embodies the superiority of personalized education. Group education: suitable for specialized wards. Organize patients with the same disease, educate and guide the problems they need to know, organize patients to discuss and answer questions raised by patients. Audio-visual education: intuitive, can concretize and visualize abstract and incomprehensible content, which is conducive to patients' acceptance and understanding. It is a form of education worth advocating and suitable for chronic diseases.
3 Flexible application of patient education methods
3. 1 Language education Language education is one of the most direct, simple and effective methods, which can be educated according to the specific situation of patients and the sexual problems of different groups of people. Language education is less influenced by culture and more suitable for patients with low educational level. Therefore, nurses should master communication skills and conduct random education. Language education should be focused, vivid, simple and clear, and encourage patients to ask questions.
3.2 Written education (materials suitable for communication) According to the characteristics of the disease, each pilot ward compiles and draws some cards, manuals and blackboard newspapers suitable for communication. It is convenient for patients to know relevant knowledge in time. ① Appropriate evidence transmission: discuss a disease. Describe some disease prevention measures, check common sense, diet and calories, medication precautions, etc. In detail. Such as "prevention of coronary heart disease" from what is coronary heart disease; Dangerous; Preventable risk factors; Preventive methods; Reduce the consumption of foods with high cholesterol; Regular exercise; Warning signs of coronary heart disease. (2) Brochure: the content is systematic, the knowledge is rich, the pictures and texts are illustrated, the profound medical nursing knowledge is popularized, the special terms are specific, and the nursing technology is concise. ③ Bulletin board: The bulletin board will be changed regularly in the pilot ward according to the characteristics of the disease.
3.3 physical education class used the model to truly show, explain and teach patients disease prevention methods and self-care measures.
3.4 Demonstration Education Nurses educate patients by demonstrating some training methods of surgical posture, focusing on functional training.
4. Nurses should have the qualities and precautions to carry out patient education.
4. 1 Nurses should have the consciousness of educating patients, learn how to implement patient education, master the contents of patient education, and realize that it is an important duty of nurses to carry out patient education. At the same time, nurses should have a scientific attitude of combining theory of mind with practice.
4.2 Nurses should master communication skills. Communication is a therapeutic nursing technique for nurses to communicate with patients, and it is an indispensable method to implement patient education and achieve results.
4.3 Insist that patient education should be carried out in an all-round way according to different periods of hospitalization and different situations of patients. Nursing operation is combined with patient education, and physical nursing and education are integrated.