Hyperbaric oxygen chamber is widely used, mainly used to treat anaerobic bacterial infection, carbon monoxide poisoning, gas embolism, decompression sickness, ischemic and hypoxic encephalopathy, brain trauma, cerebrovascular diseases and so on.
principle of operation
Oxygen is carried by blood. Oxygen enters the lungs and immediately dissolves into the blood. The dissolution process is like putting a spoonful of sugar in water, which will soon dissolve. The amount of dissolved oxygen in normal people's blood is related to environmental pressure. We live in an atmospheric environment. Because the oxygen in the air is only 1/5, the dissolved oxygen in human blood is very small, which can't meet the needs of human body. Oxygen can easily enter red blood cells and be transported with the movement of red blood cells, and oxygen dissolved in blood is very important. Because the oxygen carried by red blood cells is dozens of times higher than that dissolved in blood, normal people can meet the oxygen intake for transporting oxygen. Such as hyperbaric oxygen experiment: 1956 Dutch scientist experiment. Draw pig blood from the artery, then inject normal saline into the vein, and then put it into a hyperbaric oxygen chamber with three atmospheres of oxygen. The pig lived in this hyperbaric oxygen chamber for 15 minutes, and the blood was still alive after reinjection into the pig. Pigs live on dissolved oxygen, and scientists named this experiment bloodless life. After many experiments, it is concluded that the dissolved oxygen in blood in hyperbaric oxygen chamber increases with the increase of oxygen chamber pressure. After inhaling pure oxygen in an oxygen chamber at 2 atmospheres, the dissolved oxygen in blood increased by 14 times and by 2 1 times at 3 atmospheres.
application area
Hyperbaric oxygen is suitable for the following diseases: gas, hydrogen sulfide, biogas and other harmful gas poisoning, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, brain injury, neuritis, vasculitis, diabetic gangrene, intractable ulcer, fetal dysplasia, neonatal asphyxia, acute gas embolism, decompression sickness, altitude sickness, sudden deafness, Meniere's syndrome and dizziness. Compared with ordinary oxygen inhalation, hyperbaric oxygen has stronger effect and better effect, and can directly use oxygen to solve the problem of hypoxia. Hyperbaric oxygen also has antibacterial effect.
Treat gas poisoning
Inhaled carbon monoxide combines with red blood cells and red blood cells, which will crowd out the ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen. Under normal circumstances, people live by oxygen, but after gas poisoning, the oxygen in the body is replaced by carbon monoxide, which will lead to hypoxia. The brain needs oxygen most. The symptoms of gas poisoning are all manifestations of the nervous system. Light dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, boredom, and coma are all related to brain hypoxia. Carbon monoxide has a stronger binding capacity with red blood cells than oxygen. When gas poisoning patients are put into fresh air, it takes 10-20 hours to discharge gas poisoning because the oxygen content in the air only accounts for15 of the air. However, after the patients with gas poisoning are sent to the hyperbaric oxygen chamber, the oxygen content inhaled by the patients is much higher than that in the air, and many very heavy patients wake up before the end of treatment, which lasts for 40-50 minutes.
Treat cerebral thrombosis
The advantages of entering the hyperbaric oxygen chamber are: supplying blood to the focus area from the surrounding normal brain tissue. Phenomenon of pour blood: After patients with cerebral thrombosis take drugs to dilate blood vessels, normal brain tissue cells are sensitive to drugs, but the reaction in the focus area is not very sensitive, and blood vessels do not dilate. This phenomenon is called pour blood. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can reverse blood.
side effect
Conventional HBO treatment will not produce any side effects, but if the staff do not operate properly, do not follow the operating rules, or change the treatment plan unscientific, it will cause serious consequences. 1) oxygen poisoning: refers to the functional or organic damage caused by oxygen after inhaling high concentration oxygen at high pressure or normal pressure for a certain period of time. Oxygen poisoning can be divided into central type, lung type, hemolytic type and eye type. No matter what type of oxygen poisoning occurs, the whole body will suffer at the same time. The common causes of oxygen poisoning in clinic are inhaling oxygen at a pressure higher than 0.3MPa, randomly prolonging the time of oxygen inhalation during routine treatment, and inhaling oxygen with a concentration higher than 50% for a long time under normal pressure. Its mechanism has three aspects: 1, the toxic effect of oxygen on central metabolism; 2. Toxic effect of oxygen on enzyme; 3. Excessive production of free radicals. Once oxygen poisoning occurs, immediately stop taking oxygen, which can generally relieve symptoms. Vitamin E, C, K and magnesium ion preparations can prevent oxygen poisoning. 2) Air pressure injury: Common injuries include middle ear air pressure injury, sinus air pressure injury and lung air pressure injury. In addition, patients with pneumothorax are not found and treated in time during decompression, which may lead to excessive expansion of the gas in the chest cavity, compression of the lungs and heart, and mediastinal swing, which may lead to sudden death. Decompression: the high speed and amplitude of decompression reduce the solubility of gas in tissues, form bubbles in blood and tissues, and lead to high-risk situations of vascular gas embolism and tissue compression. Fortunately, this kind of situation mostly occurs in diving operation, which is very rare in general HBO treatment. It is not difficult to prevent this disease as long as we attach importance to it ideologically and strictly follow the rules.