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# Adolescent Mental Health Review 1#
Psychological quality is an important part of human quality. A mentally healthy person should give full play to all psychological functions, adapt well to the social living environment and fully develop his own personality. The author believes that the head teacher should start from the following aspects on how to do a good job in students' mental health education.
First, influence students with good psychological quality.
Ushinski, a Russian educator, said: "Without the direct influence of teachers on students' personality, there can be no real in-depth personality education. Only personality can affect the development and formation of personality. "The head teacher's personality is the power of education. Therefore, the head teacher plays an important role in the healthy growth of students. Only class teachers with high psychological quality can cultivate students with mental health. Therefore, class teachers must strive to improve their psychological quality and use their beautiful hearts to shape students' healthy hearts.
Second, carry out various forms of collective activities.
Lively group activities can promote interpersonal communication and establish interpersonal relationships of unity, cooperation, friendship and mutual assistance, so that students can experience the fun of living in groups, find opportunities to express themselves and gain successful experiences, thus promoting the harmonious development of body and mind. The activities designed by the class teacher must be targeted, that is, what psychological quality can be cultivated through activities.
Third, skillfully use temperament types to guide feelings
Temperament is not easy to transform. Teachers should not only guide students with a certain temperament type to give full play to their strengths, but also fully understand their unsatisfactory performance and consider adopting a more strategic approach. For example, a mucus student is stubborn. If he refuses to accept a certain point of view, the teacher doesn't have to force him to accept it. He can be persuaded by inspiration or influence. For depressed students, because they are sensitive, teachers should not name and blame them in public; Teachers should be careful not to irritate timid students.
Fourth, improve the level of parental guidance.
Mental health education needs the participation and cooperation of schools and families. To this end, the class teacher should improve the level of parents' counseling through various channels, so that parents can become their right-hand men in their work. First, hold regular parent-teacher meetings, change the mode of class teacher's speaking and parents' listening, focus on experience, select some typical education cases, let parents play various roles, participate in them, feel for themselves, understand children's psychology, find out their educational deficiencies, improve educational methods, communicate with children equally and democratically, and create a family environment conducive to their healthy physical and mental development. Second, for the parents of some problem students, the class teacher should communicate with them more, let them have confidence in their children, give them more care and help them make progress. Third, let some parents who have successful educational experience introduce their experiences to everyone and improve their educational level.
Fifth, do a good job in group counseling.
According to the different characteristics of students, teachers should focus on the following aspects of group psychological counseling. The first is learning psychological counseling. All grades focus on this, and the lower grades focus on learning adaptation and study habit counseling; The middle grade focuses on the cultivation of learning self-confidence and time concept; Senior students focus on reasonable arrangement of work and rest time and making study plans. The second is psychological counseling for the development of self-awareness. Through the guidance of self-awareness content such as "being the master of emotions, I am myself by the method of emotional adjustment", students can correctly understand themselves, their own interests, temperament, personality, ability and other characteristics, correctly evaluate others, and improve their ability to learn to control emotions and behaviors, overcome difficulties and setbacks, and seek help. The third is interpersonal psychological counseling. Let students know the importance of interpersonal communication, learn the principles and skills of interpersonal communication, learn to communicate with parents, teachers and classmates, establish good interpersonal relationships, overcome some communication obstacles, and form the psychological quality necessary for establishing good interpersonal relationships.
Sixth, do a good job of individual counseling.
A "whisper" mailbox can be set up in the class to provide a platform for students to show their inner world, which is convenient for solving the troubles encountered in the process of students' growth in time and guiding students to carry out self-mental health education. Students' self-mental health education is mainly to cultivate students' awareness of self-mental health education and master some simple methods of self-mental health education. The first is to cultivate students' awareness of self-mental health education. It is necessary to let students know the importance of self-mental health education through various channels, understand the basic common sense of mental health, and know how to get help if in doubt. The second is to guide students to learn simple and effective methods of self-mental health education. For example, learn to relax and let students know that tension is a normal psychological reaction, which can be adjusted and relaxed by imagination, distraction, breathing adjustment, sports activities, listening to music, singing, reading and sleeping. Talk to people and let students learn to ask for help when they encounter problems. They can talk to teachers at school, psychological counselors, elders and relatives at home, and people who can talk in society, such as the telephone number of psychological counseling. Learning to keep a diary or a weekly diary, talking to yourself with a pen and describing the trajectory of the mind with words are of great help to the healthy growth of psychology.
# Thoughts on Adolescent Mental Health 2#
Now, most students are only children. They were spoiled from childhood and developed a self-centered character. After going to school, parents, society and school all put too much pressure on them, which made it difficult for children to accept and adapt, so many psychological problems appeared. These problems affect children's healthy growth and character formation. At the same time, the society is progressing, the material is getting richer and richer, and the requirements for people's quality are getting higher and higher. Therefore, cultivating students can't just teach. But to teach them how to learn, how to receive and process more information. Therefore, students' mental health is very important. Good psychological quality and healthy psychological state are the guarantee.
The basis for students to learn knowledge and improve their ability. Teachers are not only the transmitters of human culture, but also the shapers and defenders of students' healthy psychology. As teachers, we should lighten the burden for students and let them grow up healthily and happily.
First, impress students with love.
People often say that the depth of love can make love more sincere. Educating people should also "dispel doubts" by making people emotional. Trust students, understand students, respect students, and smile at students. The students will dedicate all their love and respect to us. Love is the energy to start teachers' own strength and wisdom; Love is a bridge to the depths of students' hearts; Love is a treasure to create educational environment and psychological environment. Caring and respecting students and paying attention to their rich and complicated inner world can lead teachers' love to students' hearts.
Second, use activities to reduce students' psychological burden.
The heavy academic burden is on students, who are immersed in their homework, so it is difficult for them to have love for life, care for others, relaxed mentality and innovative spirit, and they will become more and more depressed and easy to go to extremes. As a teacher, we should let students learn cultural knowledge, at the same time, let children learn to enjoy activities, and let children fly their mood in activities.
Third, create a learning environment that releases students' minds.
Class is the place where students study and live, and the cradle of students' growth. It is a fertile ground for students to form good psychological quality. Only by creating a lively and harmonious classroom atmosphere can we fully mobilize students' sense of participation and establish a healthy sense of innovation.
Self-evaluation: As an educator, don't treat students as a work that can be carved, and let them become exquisite decorations under your carving knife. Instead, we should pay attention to their mental health and create a vast space for them to fly their dreams freely and grow up happily.
# Thoughts on Adolescent Mental Health 3#
Maintain a healthy mind and improve the quality of life. Life is short. In life, if you want to live more relaxed and happy, you must have a healthy psychology. Only in this way can we grow better and shoulder the great mission of building the motherland.
A mentally healthy person can experience his own existence value, not only know himself, but also accept himself, and have self-knowledge, that is, he can make an appropriate and objective evaluation of his own ability, personality, advantages and disadvantages; Don't put forward harsh and unreasonable expectations and requirements for yourself; You can also set realistic goals and ideals for your life, so that you are always satisfied with yourself; At the same time, strive to develop their own potential, even if their own defects can not be remedied, they can be handled safely. An unhealthy person lacks self-knowledge and is always dissatisfied with himself; Because the set goals and ideals are unrealistic, the distance between subjective and objective is too far, and they always blame themselves, blame themselves and feel inferior; Because I always want to be perfect, but I can't always be perfect, so I always have a hard time with myself; As a result, one's psychological state can never be balanced, and one can't get rid of the psychological crisis that one feels he will face.
With the rapid development of society, people's pace of life is accelerating, competition is becoming more and more fierce, and interpersonal relationships are becoming more and more complicated. Due to the rapid progress of science and technology and the explosive growth of knowledge, people are forced to constantly update their knowledge; "Mankind has entered the era of emotional burden", and people's concept consciousness and emotional attitude have undergone complex evolution. As a member of modern society, college students living and studying in colleges and universities are very sensitive to the barometer of social psychology. In addition, college students, as a special social group, have many special problems of their own, such as adapting to the new learning environment and tasks. The adaptation to major choice and study, the conflict between ideal and reality, the handling and study of interpersonal relationship, the contradiction in love and the choice of future career. How to make them avoid or destroy the above species. Psychological stress leads to psychological tension, psychological crisis or psychological obstacles. It has become an urgent need and a common concern for colleges and universities to improve physical and mental health, adapt to the current and developing social environment with a positive and normal psychological state, prevent the occurrence of psychological diseases and psychosomatic diseases, and strengthen psychological health education for college students.
# Thoughts on Adolescent Mental Health 4#
First, mental health education must take activities as the main form.
Mental health education is not to let students learn psychological knowledge, therefore, it is mainly not to solve the contradiction between knowing and not knowing. The teacher teaching mode widely used in many courses is obviously not suitable for psychological education. The purpose of mental health education is not to let students "know" what mental health is, but to really influence their mental health. Such a goal cannot be achieved by teachers' teaching alone. The only way to solve this problem is to make the educational content directly related to the educated's own experience and life experience. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the form of activity teaching. Through class meetings, I let students discuss, perform, play games, consult and other specific ways, and introduce typical situations in life into the classroom and integrate them into educational and teaching activities, so that students will naturally be attracted and participate, and receive corresponding education under the guidance of educators; Through discussion, exchange and learning related knowledge, students can learn how to correctly understand things and solve problems: through debate, discussion and simulation, they can improve their self-awareness and develop a correct attitude towards life.
Two, the content of mental health education should be based on the special needs of students.
The content of mental health education should be closely related to the actual psychological situation of the educated. We should start from the special needs of students of every age, choose and arrange educational content, and establish our own logical system. This logical system is aimed at all kinds of problems that students encounter in their lives. It can be said that what factors have the greatest influence on their psychological state, they should choose and decide what kind of educational content, rather than the knowledge system of a certain subject. The purpose of mental health education is not to let students know the knowledge of a subject, but to solve problems and promote students' mental health development.
Third, mental health education needs the common concern of schools and parents.
Today, people pay more and more attention to the influence of mental health on study, work and thought, and students' mental health education has increasingly become an important part of school education. However, in the family that is inseparable from the growth of students, the mental health education for children is still blank. Many parents who want their children to succeed and their daughters to succeed only pay attention to their children's academic performance and physical health, and there is a misunderstanding that they value intelligence over morality and sports over mental health care. Individual families are not only unaware of their children's psychological needs, but often adopt rude and simple education methods in the face of their abnormal behavior; Some parents can't give timely guidance and help when their children face various physical and psychological problems during their growth, which leads to psychological obstacles for their children.
Of course, there are still many shortcomings in education, such as lack of patience, emotional control of one's words and deeds, and lack of knowledge, which need to be further corrected in future work.
# Thoughts on the mental health of teenagers 5#
The formation of middle school students' good psychological quality can not be separated from a good environment, especially a good humanistic environment and psychological environment. In this big environment, educators should influence and change the psychological state and behavior of the educated through certain educational means. Through the organic combination and infiltration of psychological education and other education, the educational objectives and contents are consistent, and the methods and steps are integrated to promote students to actively cultivate good psychological quality and development.
First, the organic combination of mental health education and moral education activities.
Moral education is ideological and moral education. Morality includes four psychological components: moral cognition, moral emotion, moral will and moral behavior, which are interrelated, mutually promoted, infiltrated and influenced. The survey shows that people often change their understanding not through external influence, but through internal moral will and moral emotion to adjust their behavior. The formation of students' moral character is a process from the outside to the inside, from object to subject and then to object. The development of various moral education activities is the basis of this change. Therefore, it is a very important part of mental health education to let students experience their inner feelings from the aspects of cognition, emotion, will and behavior by carrying out various moral education activities, which is also conducive to the formation of students' good ideology and morality.
Second, the organic combination of mental health education and class work
Class work restricts the psychology and behavior of all students in the class, and its psychological mechanism is imitation, suggestion, conformity and recognition. Relevant research shows that excellent class spirit has a great influence on students' psychology, and its specific functions are: subtle encouragement, action encouragement, protection and promotion of students' psychological healthy development, promotion of spiritual civilization construction and formation of excellent moral character. According to the objective reality of ordinary middle schools, it should be the primary task of class work to adjust students' mentality and establish a good class spirit. We should lose no time to give students confidence and strength, give them opportunities to develop their potential, and give students room to show their individuality and specialties. Such as "self-management and democratic supervision" competition, "best class" activity and "brilliant star" column in class construction, so that everyone has the opportunity to win prizes and have a successful experience.
The formation of students' healthy mentality also lies in establishing a good relationship between teachers and students. To establish a democratic, equal and cooperative relationship between teachers and students, we must establish a scientific view of students. The scientific view of students is to regard students as people with independent personality, people with great potential and "unique" people with personality. Therefore, teachers should give students the initiative, exchange information with students equally, regard students' "violation of discipline" as an inevitable phenomenon in the process of students' growth, and adopt a positive, optimistic and tolerant attitude to adjust students' mentality and behavior.
The formation of students' healthy mentality also lies in the class teacher's targeted and realistic evaluation of students, and should not be stereotyped. Balancing students' mentality can not only strengthen the guidance to the direction of individual or collective behavior, but also contribute to the unity within the collective and the enhancement of collective cohesion.
Third, the organic combination of mental health education and psychological consultation and counseling.
Quality education requires students to learn to know, to do things, to live together and to survive and develop. Therefore, schools should help students understand themselves, understand the environment and learn the basic skills to survive in society. School education should pay attention to the healthy development of students' personality while imparting knowledge. Therefore, psychological consultation and counseling should become an integral part of the overall work of the school. As far as ordinary middle schools are concerned, there are many problems among students, such as confusion of faith, emotional hunger, depressed personality, fragile will, lack of self-confidence and more inferiority, and confusion in adolescence. It is an indispensable part of mental health education to adjust students' mentality through various channels according to their psychological characteristics of different ages and situations.
The focus of mental health education is to find the symptoms of students' psychological problems as soon as possible so as to make adjustments as soon as possible. For students with maladjustment tendency or minor problems, it is necessary to reduce the occurrence of adverse events, directly or indirectly reduce the severity of the problems, and provide students with opportunities, places and channels for psychological talk. The "whisper" mailbox and "soul" mailbox set up by the school according to the characteristics of grades are oases in students' hearts, where students can pour out their frustrations and confide their secrets. Through the "mailbox", the teacher extended a warm hand to the students and "confided" again and again, giving them the strength to overcome themselves. Counseling in the psychological counseling room makes students come with tears and return with smiles, which corrects their positive attitude towards life. At the same time of direct and indirect counseling and consultation in schools, there is also an important channel, that is, establishing psychological mutual aid groups through classes, broadening the channels for finding psychological problems, achieving the purpose of helping others and helping themselves, and eliminating problems in the bud.
Fourth, the organic combination of mental health education and family education.
In the process of shaping students' healthy personality, the influence of family, especially the education and influence of parents, is one of the key factors. Parents' personality traits will exert a subtle influence on children's personality, and parents' education methods and love methods will also affect children's personality development. Many facts have proved that the lack or loss of family education function is an important reason for students' psychological barriers, and the inconsistency of parents' education and the lack of education are the main manifestations of the current lack of family education function. Parents' bad parenting attitudes and wrong ways, such as doting, conniving, conniving, protecting, beating and scolding their children, often make children form the psychology of resistance, obedience or inferiority.
Practice has proved that combining mental health education with family education is an effective way to promote students' mental health development. The main ways are:
(1) School education and family education communicate with each other. The school conveys its intention to parents through "a letter to parents" and asks parents to cooperate; Or through the form of parents' forum, talk about the significance and practice, and talk about the external factors such as school, family and society that constitute students' psychological obstacles and the internal factors that restrict students' physical and mental development.
(2) Start a parent school, invite experts to give lectures on family education, and ask parents to educate their children in a scientific way to create a relaxed and harmonious psychological environment for their children.
(3) Organize students' psychological analysis meetings, seminars on learning behavior and motivation, swearing-in meetings, debriefing meetings, ideal speeches, etc. with the participation of students' parents on a regular basis, and build a bridge for children's success through various forms and all-round education.
Fifth, mental health education organically permeates the subject teaching.
Relevant research shows that teachers decide the educational results. Whether students' psychological problems and obstacles can be alleviated or eliminated depends largely on the influence of teachers' personality strength, as well as teachers' knowledge, ability and practical work level. Therefore, teachers should skillfully inject psychological education content, carefully explore psychological education factors, find out the penetration points, and let students realize the true meaning of life from the aspects of grasping problems, designing educational programs, determining educational objectives, selecting educational methods and steps, and introducing and implementing educational processes. For example, in order to solve the problem of puppy love in the class, the Chinese teacher designed such a composition class: pick a green persimmon for students to taste, hold a pot of Chinese rose for students to enjoy, and then write an argumentative essay on this situation. Thinking and feeling, the students wrote "the immature fruit is astringent" and "the flowers that bloom naturally are the most beautiful" and conducted a self-psychological education in adolescence. The infiltration of psychological education is not limited to Chinese classes, and all subjects are excellent places for psychological education. A teacher's eyes and a small gesture can inject spiritual comfort into students and stimulate their positive motivation. The infiltration of mental health education into subjects also lies in the fact that teachers must have sound personality, healthy psychology, extensive knowledge and exquisite skills, and cultivate students' healthy psychology with deep love and high sense of responsibility.
Mental health education in ordinary middle schools is not only limited to the above-mentioned organic combination and infiltration, but also needs to further develop and utilize various media around the specific tasks and objectives of mental health education for middle school students, and constantly lead the psychological education work to a deeper level.
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