Causes of Achilles tendinitis
1. When running, the gastrocnemius of the foot contracts to raise the heel and the forefoot touches the ground. The achilles tendon is subjected to repeated violent impacts, especially when athletes have to "limit" every day, which will cause inflammatory reaction for a long time, thus leading to achilles tendon inflammation.
2, the heel is too soft, the heel is unstable in the shoe, and the heel moves excessively, which will lead to instability and overload of the achilles tendon; The sole is too hard to bend the first metatarsophalangeal joint between the toe and the sole; The shoes are too big, and when you jump, you will bend your toes and dig hard at the soles. These may increase the traction of achilles tendon.
3. Sometimes athletes' actions in training are incorrect. For example, when hitting the ball online, the toes are excessively rotated internally or externally, and the ankle joint is unstable when landing, which is prone to achilles tendinitis. In addition, due to long-term and overloaded training, many officers and men will feel "foot pain", which is also a disaster caused by tendinitis.
Causes of Achilles tendon injury
1. Tendon-stopping inflammation: the part of Achilles tendon that stops at calcaneus is inflamed. Patients with this disease can directly touch the tenderness of the stopping point, often accompanied by calcification or bone spurs above the stopping point. This disease is often complicated with achilles tendon bursitis and calcaneal enlargement, also known as Hagderon malformation. Hadron deformity is more common in women wearing high heels, or hockey players, whose heels are often rubbed.
2, posterior bursitis: posterior bursitis is mostly caused by exercise to stimulate the Achilles tendon capsule. This disease often occurs before achilles tendon and between calcaneus and achilles tendon. The bursa of fabricius is inflamed and thickened, which compresses the achilles tendon. Most of the pain comes from the compression of Achilles tendon itself or the compression in front of tendon. 10% patients with rheumatoid arthritis are often involved in bilateral tendons, while athletes are often involved in unilateral tendons without systemic diseases.
3. Subcutaneous Achilles bursitis: This kind of injury comes from external pressure, often due to wearing inappropriate shoes, which causes the tendon to rub against its surrounding tendon sheath. In addition, biomechanical factors play a great role when walking with excessive pronation or supination. When running, the left and right swing of the foot will squeeze the achilles tendon, which will lead to subcutaneous achilles tendon bursitis.
Treatment of Achilles tendinitis
1. Use the support pad: the support pad can raise the ankle and reduce the stretching of the achilles tendon. The doctor may also let you use a splint to fix the achilles tendon when you sleep at night.
2, drug treatment: Chinese medicine treatment of Achilles tendinitis with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, dredging channels and collaterals, inducing resuscitation, expelling wind and dispelling cold-imitation Achilles tendon bone-iron stone.
3, surgical treatment: external drug treatment can often make Achilles tendinitis heal and repair itself within a few weeks. If these treatments fail, surgery may be needed to remove the inflammatory tissue around the achilles tendon. However, this is often the last resort.
4. Massage therapy: Use the fingertip of one thumb to squeeze the palm root of the other hand (slightly to the thumb side), and the performer will shake hands with the other four fingers as a support, and try to exert as much force as possible if the patient can accept it. After kneading for 3 minutes, it becomes relaxation and pressure, and the regular and rhythmic acupoint 36 times is 1 time. Continue to knead for 5 minutes after lifting.
5. Reduce foot-based strenuous exercise: foot-based strenuous exercise, such as jumping, running and other sports that cause heel pain. Therefore, people who don't exercise regularly and those who engage in more strenuous activities should do it step by step. Often do plantarflexion exercise, plantarflexion is to move the toes to the sole of the foot, which can reduce the stimulation and injury of "bone spur" to the surrounding tissues, and is conducive to the regression of aseptic inflammation, thus preventing and alleviating pain.
Maintenance of Achilles tendinitis
1. Warm up and stretch before exercise. When the muscles and bones move separately, the calf muscles are too tense or too tired, then the impact force generated by the exercise will be transmitted to the achilles tendon, which may cause achilles tendinitis.
2. Strengthen strength: High-load calf exercise can make the achilles tendon bear more strength. Physical strength strengthening: Intensive training can improve the movement level of muscles, tendons and ligaments of calf and ankle joint. Stretching: Leg stretching can improve the flexibility of tendons. Balance ability: do some exercises to improve your balance ability and exercise your sense ability.
3. Choose the right shoes. If the shoes are too big, people tend to bend their toes and grab the soles. This action will overuse plantar aponeurosis and related tissues, leading to local tendon strain and achilles tendinitis.
4. Too fast running distance and too much training will bring greater impact to Achilles tendon. When doing physical exercise, we must step by step and slowly increase the amount.
5. Too hard running ground and running shoes may cause Achilles tendon inflammation. Adding a pad to the heel helps to relieve the tension of the achilles tendon.