Moderator: Besides listening to sounds, ears also play a role in maintaining body balance. If there is something wrong with the ear, it will lead to dizziness. Is dizziness the same as dizziness?
Hu Guangai: Dizziness and dizziness are not the same thing. Dizziness refers to the feeling of dizziness. People with hypertension will feel this way when they are sick. People with low blood pressure will feel black or see stars for a long time and even fall down. These are called syncope. In addition, dizziness caused by poor rest and excessive drinking is not dizziness. Vertigo is the feeling of dizziness at the onset, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, pallor and other symptoms. The symptoms of dizziness are serious, but the patient is awake. Dizziness is caused by the nervous aspects of the brain system, and dizziness is a symptom of inner ear diseases.
Moderator: What factors can cause dizziness?
Ma: There are many kinds of diseases that cause dizziness, about hundreds. Vertigo can be divided into two types clinically: central vertigo and peripheral vertigo. Central vertigo is caused by brain lesions, such as brain trauma and brain tumor. Peripheral vertigo is caused by ears, belonging to peripheral vestibular vertigo, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, tinnitus, hearing loss and other symptoms.
Moderator: What is the relationship between ears and dizziness?
Hu Guangai: Everyone knows that the ear can hear sound, but it also has an important balancing function. Balance function depends on vision, proprioception function (intramuscular receptors of limbs) and vestibular system. Among them, vestibular system plays a leading role in maintaining human balance. The vestibule is in the inner ear, as shown in the figure. Structure of human ear: There is a tympanic membrane in the external auditory canal, with a middle ear and three bones in the cavity. Auditory drum belongs to the inner ear and consists of cochlea and vestibule. The vestibule consists of three and a half ducts, oval sac and balloon tissue. The semi-self-conduit plays a role in accelerating the change of the left and right angles of the car. There are otoliths in oval bags and balloons, so cars can accelerate and decelerate when driving in a straight line. The vestibule is full of lymph, and there are hair cells in the semihoming tube. When the human body moves, lymph flows with the movement, and the liquid can drive hair cells to swing and generate bioelectricity. The current reaches the vestibular center, brain and eyes through the connected nerves, and then down to the muscles of the limbs, thus feeling the motion state of the human body. If there's something wrong with the vestibule
Horse: The vestibular system on both sides of the human body should be symmetrical. Any pathological stimulation of vestibular system will cause functional damage, body balance disorder and dizziness.
Moderator: Why do you feel dizzy?
Hu Guang 'ai: The vestibule constantly sends signals to the vestibule center. In this process, any pathological changes interfere with the transmission, which will lead to the loss of balance of the body and dizziness. Like excessive lymph in the inner ear causing vestibular hydrops, dizziness will occur, which is Meniere's disease; The virus invades the vestibular nerve source, which will cause dizziness; Otototoxic drugs (Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Lianmycin) can cause vestibular neuritis and dizziness; Motion sickness, seasickness, etc. , it will cause motion sickness; In addition, otoliths can produce paroxysmal benign positional vertigo after trauma or self-decline.
Moderator: I heard that the symptoms of vertigo attack are very severe. Is it dangerous?
Hu Guangai: The symptoms of vertigo attack are very serious, but the lesions are mainly in the vestibular system of the inner ear, so there is generally no danger to life. But we should also pay attention to some diseases, such as dizziness caused by suppurative otitis media and dizziness caused by insufficient blood supply to the cerebral vessels. Besides treating vertigo, we should also actively treat the primary disease. In addition, patients with vertigo should pay attention to protect themselves and avoid trauma when they have an attack.
Compere: Does vertigo need treatment?
M: If treatment is needed, it should be diagnosed and treated early. You can go to the hospital to do related tests, such as vestibular function test (balance function test) and hearing test. After the diagnosis is clear, it is necessary to treat it.
Moderator: How to treat vertigo?
Ma: The general treatment is to stay in bed when vertigo attacks to avoid fatigue and anxiety. Drug therapy can also be performed, such as sedatives, antiemetics, balance stabilizers, vasodilators, dehydrating drugs, etc. If the treatment effect is not satisfactory, surgery can also be performed.
Moderator: If Ms. Zhang of Guangzhou is sedentary, she will feel dizzy when she suddenly stands up or lies down, and she will feel dizzy when she rotates. Is it Meniere's disease? What do you usually need to pay attention to?
Hu Guangai: It may be the symptoms of conscious cerebral ischemia caused by weak body and low blood pressure.
Moderator: What are the symptoms of Meniere's disease?
Ma: Meniere's disease has four major symptoms: dizziness during the attack, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, cold sweat and other symptoms, dizziness can recur for dozens of minutes or hours; Tinnitus, the early voice is low-key, and it becomes high-key after a long time; Deafness, early wave deafness, general mono-ear diseases; My ears feel stuffy, swollen and depressed. Moderator: Ms. Wang's mother in Heilongjiang suffers from Meniere's disease and often feels dizzy. When I was sick, I felt very dizzy, my eyes were closed, I dared not move, and I vomited. In severe cases, she even spits out bitter bile. She's in pain. Is there any treatment?
Hu Guangai: Recurrent Meniere's disease should be treated regularly with drugs, such as anti-dizziness, antiemetic drugs and dehydration drugs, but under the guidance of a doctor. In severe cases, surgery can also be performed, such as decompression of endolymphatic sac, destruction of inner ear, vestibular neurotomy with poor hearing, etc., which can alleviate dizziness symptoms.
Moderator: Mr. Qiu's father is in Liaoning, suffering from Meniere's disease for many years. The drug treatment is not effective, and his hearing is getting worse and worse. What should I do?
M: I don't know how poor my hearing is, and I don't know if I have had regular and systematic medication. If I do it all and the effect is not satisfactory, I can have an operation. If my hearing is below 70-80 decibels, I have no actual hearing, and I can also get rid of drugs or physical injuries through surgery.
Compere: What is lost?
Ma: Because the anatomy of the inner ear is more complicated and the knowledge is more complicated, it is called lost, which is another name for the inner ear.
Hu Guang 'ai: If vertigo attacks frequently, you should insist on taking medicine. If the attack is not very frequent, you can take medicine during the attack to avoid side effects.
Moderator: Ms. Sha's friend in Xinjiang has suffered from otitis media and pus for many years. Sometimes she still has a headache. Recently, her earache has worsened, and she still feels dizzy and nauseous. What is this?
Ma: It may be otitis media that causes otitis media, especially labyrinthitis, so it will cause a series of symptoms in vestibule. It is recommended to go to the hospital for examination and treatment.
Moderator: Mr. Zhao, a fan in Henan, has mastoiditis in his ear. He often feels dizzy after the operation. How can he get rid of dizziness?
Ma: The focus should be relatively stable after radical mastoidectomy. It may be that there is only a thin film between the inner ear and the outer ear after operation, which damages the seminiferous tubule and leads to dizziness.
Moderator: If a family member is dizzy at home, how should the family member help the patient? Can vertigo be prevented?
Ma: If the family members have dizziness symptoms, they should stay in bed, avoid head movements and comfort the patient, but don't talk to him too much. He should give patients a high-protein, soft, digestible and low-salt diet. After the symptoms are relieved, he should be advised to exercise and go to the hospital for examination and treatment.
Hu Guang 'ai: Vertigo patients should pay attention to keep a good mood at ordinary times, and don't be overly nervous, so as not to cause autonomic nervous disorder. In addition, they should smoke and drink moderately and eat less foods high in salt and fat.
Moderator: Ms. Qi from Beijing will feel dizzy when taking the bus or swimming. How should she be treated?
Hu Guangai: It may be carsick. You can take sedatives and antiemetics. It is recommended not to overeat and not to be overtired. You can also use an electronic anti-vertigo instrument. It's as big as a cigarette case and easy to carry. Turning on the instrument when traveling can reduce the stimulation to the inner ear during exercise. Besides, it has no effect of sleepiness. Moderator: Mr. Zhang from Heilongjiang occasionally feels dizzy. Ten seconds have passed, more than 20 times a day, and he has not vomited. What is the reason?
Ma: It may be paroxysmal benign positional vertigo. It is recommended to go to the hospital for examination and treatment.
Moderator: Mr. Zhou of Henan Province suddenly feels dizzy every time he looks up recently. If he doesn't look up, he will be fine. Why? Do you need to check?
Hu Guangai: It may be cervical vertigo. Vestibular vessels are branches of spinal artery. When the neck moves, the joints will compress the arteries, resulting in decreased blood flow and vestibular ischemia, which will cause dizziness. It is recommended to go to the hospital for examination.
Moderator: Uncle Zhang from Shandong is over 40 years old. In the past six months, he suffered from a strange disease. As long as you lie down and sleep, twist your head to one side or tilt it to one side, you will feel dizzy immediately, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, and you can only sleep on your side. What happened?
Ma: It may be paroxysmal benign positional vertigo. It is recommended to go to the hospital for treatment, and otolith manipulative reduction can be done.
Moderator: Ms. Liu is dizzy, especially after catching a cold. Taking sibelium eased her condition. Does this medicine have any side effects?
Hu Guangai: Sibelium is a calcium antagonist, which can relieve smooth muscle spasm and cerebral vasospasm. It is generally safe and will not produce side effects.
Moderator: Ms. Zhang from Luoyang used to be deaf, but now her hearing has recovered, but she always feels dizzy and tinnitus. Is she dizzy? What tests need to be done?
M: I suggest going to the hospital for further examination.
Moderator: Ms. Chen from Wenzhou has been suffering from dizziness for more than 30 years. In the past 1-2 years, she has committed 1 times. Now she has to commit crimes 2-3 times a year, which is getting worse and longer. When she turned her head, something seemed to move in her head. What should I do?
Hu Guangai: Her medical history is very long. I don't know how her hearing is. If her hearing has not decreased, it may be that there is something wrong with her cervical spine. It is recommended to go to the hospital for examination.
Moderator: Mr. Kong (82 years old) from Zhangjiakou suffers from dizziness. I feel dizzy after walking for a long time, but my head doesn't hurt, just my eyes are blurred. After taking the medicine, the effect is not obvious. His blood pressure is low. How to treat it?
Hu Guang E: This is an elderly patient. It may be the ischemia of the inner ear caused by insufficient blood supply to the vertebrobasilar artery, often accompanied by arteriosclerosis, hypertension and insufficient blood supply to the brain. It is suggested to take drugs to reduce blood viscosity or improve microcirculation, so as to reduce the possibility of blockage and relieve dizziness.