Protecting Mother Lake-Erhai Lake
Erhai Lake is the mother lake of the Bai people in Dali. It is located at the eastern foot of Cangshan Mountain in the west of Yunnan Province. Eighteen streams of Cangshan Mountain enter the lake in the west, with a lake area of about 246 square kilometers. Because its lake is shaped like an ear and its waves are as big as the sea, it is called Erhai Lake.
Erhai lake used to be like a beautiful fairy: during the day, a green tree in the distance swayed gently with the refreshing breeze by the lake; The dark green lake nearby reflects the blue sky and white clouds like jade; The canoe leaves one leaf across the quiet lake, rippling a string of tiny ripples, just like the blooming flowers on the lake ... Erhai Lake at night is a mysterious reverie. The bright moon is in the sky, and the bright moonlight falls on Erhai Lake, which is like a bright veil ... but now Erhai Lake has changed a lot.
Now Erhai Lake is no longer as crystal clear as a piece of jade, but also because its descendants-human beings seem to forget the existence of this mother, and constantly discharge industrial wastewater and domestic garbage into its body, making it increasingly gaunt; Now the ripples on Erhai Lake are no longer like blooming flowers, because people row boats not to enjoy the scenery, but to listen to their mother's cry. Those ripples are like a sad tear of their mother. Now Erhai Lake is no longer a mysterious daydream, because it is turbid and no longer reflects the bright moon. ...
Erhai mother finally couldn't stand it and got angry. It broke the tenderness of the past and rolled up a huge wave on the lake. Those who are catching its ornamental fish are involved in the whirlpool of Erhai Lake, and everyone is aware of the seriousness.
Children of Erhai Lake! Is it so difficult to protect our mother Erhai Lake? When we protect Erhai mother, Erhai mother will also give us a sweet smile. Why not? If we all listen carefully, we will hear Erhai's mother crying softly. She is eager for her children and grandchildren to care about her and take care of her without ruining her beautiful face and gorgeous clothes. People often say: "Erhai Lake is clear and Dali is prosperous." You know, we are actually protecting ourselves by protecting Erhai Lake.
2. How to write handwritten newspaper to protect Erhai Lake
Protect Erhai Mother Lake and build a harmonious and beautiful home. Protect Erhai Lake as you protect your eyes. Protect Erhai Lake like eyes and leave a beautiful home for future generations.
2. Publicize the concept of Erhai Lake protection, advocate green life, fulfill the responsibility of Erhai Lake protection, and build a beautiful home. If people don't save water and protect the environment from now on, the last drop of water they see will be their own tears.
Erhai Lake is clear and Dali is prosperous. Protecting Erhai Lake and caring for the environment are our common responsibilities and obligations. Erhai Lake is our "Mother Lake" and the foundation of Dali's survival and development.
6. It is forbidden to dump and pile up garbage and waste in Er Beach and the management area, and it is forbidden to build toilets and garbage pools. 7. The ban on fishing in Erhai Lake is beneficial to the present and the future.
Let's protect Mother Lake, the pearl of the plateau. 9. Protecting Erhai Lake and protecting the ecological environment is an important way to realize the harmonious development between man and nature.
10. Seriously implement the Regulations on the Management of Erhai Lake in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and prohibit dumping sewage, domestic garbage, littering scraps of paper and cigarette butts into Erhai Lake. 1 1. Protect Erhai Lake, protect the environment and realize the coordinated development of resources, ecology, economy and society.
The blue waves of Erhai Lake reappear, and the West Lake Wetland in Eryuan County, which is connected with Erhai Lake, has become a filter for Erhai Lake to curb the rampant cyanobacteria and opened the "Erhai Lake Defence War". Against the background of blue sky and white clouds, the quiet Erhai Lake nestles in the arms of Cangshan Mountain. The sunshine in early winter is scattered on the breezy lake, and the clean and transparent water body can be seen three or four meters deep at a glance.
Wild ducks are swimming in the water in the lake, egrets are dancing, and fishing boats can be seen in the distance ... On the Erhai Lake, a poetic feeling of "boats floating in the blue waves and people swimming in the middle of the picture" arises spontaneously. Looking at the beautiful scenery in front of us, people who have just arrived in Erhai Lake will never think that Erhai Lake, once invaded by cyanobacteria, is "white in the wind and rushing in the rain".
Since 1980s, with the rapid development of agriculture in river basins, the extensive use of fertilizers such as phosphorus and nitrogen, and the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization in surrounding areas, all kinds of domestic and industrial sewage and garbage have not been treated in time and effectively, which has caused a series of ecological and environmental problems. In, blue-green algae broke out in Erhai Lake, and the transparency of the lake suddenly dropped from 4 meters to 0.5 meters.
In, blue-green algae broke out again on a large scale in Erhai Lake, and the water quality dropped to Class IV. Two blue-green algae blooms in Erhai Lake have caused deep anxiety and yearning for the children of all ethnic groups in Dali.
A "Erhai Lake Defence War" that "protects Mother Lake like eyes" has begun. Through the comprehensive management of "following natural laws, scientific planning, comprehensive source control, administrative accountability, and national participation", the water quality of Erhai Lake has been significantly improved.
"Since then, the water quality of Erhai Lake has been continuously improved for five consecutive years, and it has generally maintained Class III. In March and April, it reached Class II, and the natural ecological environment of the basin was gradually improved. " Li Qiongjie, director of the Environmental Protection Bureau of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, said.
At the beginning of February 65438, the Ministry of Environmental Protection held an exchange meeting on Erhai Lake protection experience in Dali, and Erhai Lake was praised as one of the best protected lakes in the suburbs of the city. At the 13th World Lakes Conference held this year, the protection and governance model of Erhai Lake was highly praised by experts and scholars attending the conference, and it was considered that the success of the protection and governance of Erhai Lake provided experience for the protection and governance of lakes in China.
Reduce pollution load and build "one river and two rivers" ecological wetland 65438+February 9, the reporter came to the Luosi estuary wetland in Shapingwan, Shangguan Town, Dali, and a beautiful ecological wetland landscape was presented: cobblestone paved paths, wooden observation decks, tall trees and green grass scattered on the shore, and various aquatic plants in the wetland complement each other ... "A few years ago, it was the estuary of the lower reaches of the Luoshi River, and it was put into use again.
Now, the water is clear, the scenery is beautiful, more tourists come, and our life is getting better and better. Du Zijun, a villager from Xizhawei Village, Shaping, Shangguan Town, said.
"Luoshijiang is one of the important recharge sources of Erhai Lake, accounting for 13% of the water coming from Erhai Lake. Due to the concentration of villages in the basin, large population and prominent non-point source pollution, the water quality of Luoshi River reached Grade V at the worst, which seriously affected the water quality of Erhai Lake. "
Yang Hongyuan, deputy mayor of Shangguan Town, said that in order to protect the ecological environment of Erhai Lake, Dali invested 1 10,000 yuan to restore and rebuild the wetland at the mouth of Luoshi River, and the investment has been completed so far 1 10,000 yuan. The restoration and reconstruction of wetland has played a good role in intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus carried by runoff of Luoshi River and reducing the pollution load of Erhai Lake.
The reporter learned that in view of the current situation that "one river and two rivers" (Luoshijiang, Miju and Yonganjiang) in the northern part of Erhai Lake account for 70% of the water inflow and 65% of the pollution load, Dali has started the construction of "one river and two rivers" ecological wetland, and plans to invest 270 million yuan to plan and build an ecological wetland mu in the "one river and two rivers" basin. At the same time, accelerate the construction of environmental protection infrastructure, invest 1 10,000 yuan to build sewage collection and treatment plants in Xizhou, Shuanglang, Shangguan, Zhoucheng and other market towns, and develop small incineration facilities and farmers' sewage collection and treatment facilities.
In addition, accelerate the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and the development of ecological wetland tourism, and take the road of civilized development with production development, affluent life and good ecology. Reduce non-point source pollution and develop ecological farming. The lake is like jade, and the white house with white walls and gray bricks is surrounded by mountains and waters. In the fields on both sides of the road, green broad bean seedlings are lush ... from thousands of miles of ice, I came to Eryuan County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and my eyes were full of beautiful pastoral scenery.
Eryuan, named after Erhai Lake originated here, has seven rivers such as Mimao River flowing into Erhai Lake, and five lakes such as Haixi Lake and Zibi Lake, with a runoff of 700 million cubic meters. "The water management of Eryuan is directly related to the success or failure of Erhai Lake protection."
Ma, deputy head of Wuyuan County, said. Eryuan County is a typical agricultural county with more than 430,000 mu of cultivated land.
Ma said: "Garlic is a special vegetable in Eryuan, which has good economic benefits, but it also uses a lot of chemical fertilizers, and a large amount of chemical fertilizers are lost to Erhai, causing serious agricultural non-point source pollution." In order to protect Erhai Lake, Eryuan County actively guides farmers to adjust their planting structure and reduce garlic varieties and a variety of broad beans.
In order to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, Eryuan County mainly focused on Dengchuan Town and Yousuo Town, carried out soil testing and balanced fertilization, reduced the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers by more than 15%, and promoted slow-release fertilizers on crops such as rice and garlic. Eryuan county also promotes the use of organic fertilizer in agricultural production and develops ecology.
3. 100 tips on environmental protection
1. Be proud of saving water-turn off the tap at any time and don't let the water run away in vain. China is one of 12 water-deficient countries in the world, and its fresh water resources are less than14 of the world's per capita water.
More than half of the more than 600 cities in China are short of water, of which 108 cities are seriously short of water. The scarcity of surface water resources leads to over-exploitation of groundwater.
In the 1950s, wells in Beijing could pump water from 5 meters underground. Now the average depth of 40,000 wells in Beijing is 49 meters, and the groundwater resources are almost exhausted. 2. Protect the water source-protecting the water source means protecting life. According to environmental monitoring, about 654.38 billion tons of sewage is directly discharged into water bodies every day in China.
More than half of China's seven major water systems are polluted. Of the 35 key lakes, 17 are seriously polluted, and13 of the water bodies in China are not suitable for irrigation.
More than 90% of urban waters are seriously polluted, more than 50% of urban water sources do not meet drinking water standards, 40% of water sources are no longer drinkable, and 60%-70% of the total water shortage in southern cities is caused by water pollution. 3. Multi-use of one water-reuse of water 70% of the earth's surface is covered by water, with about 654.38+04 billion cubic meters of water, of which 96.5% is seawater.
Although the rest is fresh water, more than half of it is water resources that can be directly used, such as ice, rivers and lakes, accounting for only about 0.003% of the total water. 4. Stop dripping-check and repair the faucet. 5. Use detergent carefully-use soap as much as possible to reduce water pollution. Detergents are mostly chemical products, and a large amount of wastewater with high detergent content will be discharged into rivers, which will worsen the water quality.
Improper use of detergents for a long time will damage people's central system, hinder people's intellectual development, reduce people's thinking ability and analytical ability, and even cause mental disorders. If detergent remains on clothes, it will cause allergic dermatitis to the skin. If the detergent with high concentration is used for a long time, carcinogens in the detergent will enter the human body from the skin and mouth, which is harmful to health.
6. Care about air quality-don't forget that you have been breathing. The monitoring results of the Global Atmospheric Monitoring Network show that the daily average concentration of total suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere of Beijing, Shenyang, Xi, Shanghai and Guangzhou is 200-500 micrograms per cubic meter, which is 3-9 times higher than the standard of the World Health Organization and is listed as one of the top ten polluted cities in the world. 7. Turn off the lights-save electricity, and one less pollution will pollute our country, which is dominated by thermal power generation and coal as the main energy source.
Coal accounts for more than 70% of the disposable energy structure. If it develops in the conventional way, it will need at least 654.38+000 billion tons of coal for energy consumption to reach the level of developed countries, which will be equivalent to the sum of global energy consumption. When coal burns, it will release a lot of harmful gases, seriously pollute the atmosphere, form acid rain and cause greenhouse effect.
8. Save electrical appliances-A lot of coal, natural gas and petroleum fuels are used in industry, commerce, housing and transportation to slow down global warming. The excessive carbon dioxide produced when these fuels are burned is like a glass cover, which blocks the radiation of ground heat to outer space and leaves hot gas in the atmosphere, resulting in the "greenhouse effect", which makes the global meteorological variation, produces disastrous droughts and floods, melts icebergs in the North and South poles, and leads to the rise of sea level.
Scientists estimate that if the trend of climate warming continues, low-lying areas such as Bengal, Holland, Egypt, China and some island countries will be in danger of being swallowed up by seawater. 9. Reduce the use of air conditioners-reduce energy consumption. When fuels such as coal are burned, oxides of carbon and nitrogen are emitted in the form of gas. These oxides combine with water vapor in the air to form highly corrosive sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which fall back to the ground with rain, snow and fog. This is called "death in the air" acid rain.
There are three major acid rain areas in the world: the United States and Canada, Northern Europe and South China. Acid rain can not only strongly corrode buildings, but also acidify the soil, resulting in the death of trees, the reduction of crop production, the acidification of lake water and the death of fish and shrimp.
Due to the extensive use of coal fuel in China, the annual economic loss caused by acid rain pollution is about 20 billion yuan. The acidity of precipitation in acid rain area of China is still rising, and the area is still expanding.
10. Support green lighting-Energy-saving lamps for everyone "China Green Lighting Project" is one of the key points of energy saving in China. According to the implementation plan of the project, energy-saving and high-efficiency lighting lamps will be promoted throughout the country during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period.
By the year 2000, we will strive to save 22 billion kWh of lighting electricity, save the corresponding coal burning in power plants, and reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, dust, ash and carbon dioxide. 1 1. Use renewable resources-don't wait until the energy runs out. 90% of the energy currently used by mankind is oil, natural gas and coal.
The formation of these fuels takes hundreds of millions of years, and they are non-renewable resources. Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and geothermal energy are renewable and are called renewable energy.
People call those energy sources that do not pollute the environment "clean energy". 12. Be a "bus family"-be proud of taking the bus. There are nearly1.2000 motor vehicles in Beijing, the capital of China, only 1/6 in Tokyo and new york.
However, the concentration of pollutants emitted by each vehicle is 3- 10 times higher than that of similar foreign vehicles. 73% of hydrocarbons, 63% of carbon monoxide and 37% of nitrogen oxides in Beijing's atmosphere come from motor vehicle emissions.
13. Being a "cycling hero"-protecting the atmosphere began in Europe. In order to reduce the air pollution caused by driving, many people are willing to go to work by bike. Such people are regarded as environmental defenders and respected. American newspapers often mobilize people to buy as many necessities as possible when shopping in supermarkets to save gasoline and reduce air pollution.
The influential American Bicycle Association has been calling for the construction of bicycle lanes when roads are being built. In Germany, many families like to go out in the same car with their neighbors to reduce the emission of automobile exhaust.
In order to purify the urban air, the Iranian capital Tehran has set up a "selfless car-free day". On this day, the Iranian president also went to work by bus with the citizens. In China and Shanghai, employees of some companies often share a taxi, which is called "fighting".
14. Reducing tail gas emission-the responsibility of drivers "The Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in People's Republic of China (PRC)" stipulates that motor vehicles and ships shall not discharge pollutants into the atmosphere beyond the prescribed emission standards, and motor vehicles that exceed the prescribed emission standards.
4. The experience of Erhai Lake management is mainly good.
The "Erhai Lake Protection and Governance Model" was summarized by the Ministry of Environmental Protection as "natural according to law, scientific planning, comprehensive source control, administrative accountability, and national participation" and was popularized throughout the country.
Its experience mainly includes: First, whether leaders at all levels put the comprehensive prevention and control of Erhai Lake water pollution on the important agenda is the key to the smooth protection and management of Erhai Lake. Second, the target responsibility system is an innovative move for Erhai Lake protection.
In the protection of Erhai Lake, Dali insists on not building projects with good economic benefits but substandard sewage discharge, and implements a "one-vote veto" on environmental protection; Projects with large financial contributions but poor environmental benefits are not cited, and the right to speak of environmental protection departments is given priority. Third, respecting the laws of nature and relying on advanced technology are important supports for the successful management and protection of Erhai Lake.
Dali respects the laws of nature, and strengthens the research, development and introduction of key technologies such as the elimination mechanism of lake eutrophication, the control of lake nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, the growth and outbreak of cyanobacteria, and the natural ecological restoration of water bodies. Fourth, experiment, demonstration, popularization and application of one-stop and three-way operation.
We have increased the experiment, demonstration, popularization and application of scientific and technological projects, and successively established the "Digital Erhai Lake" information management system and the "Erhai Lake Research Center". Promote the construction of Erhai Lake protection and management project with the mode of socialization of fund raising, marketization of operation and specialization of management.
Fifth, there are rules to follow and rule the sea according to law. A number of management systems supporting the regulations have been issued one after another, and measures such as water pollution prevention, water administration, fishery administration, navigation, and the use and management of pesticides and fertilizers in villages and towns have been formulated, forming a relatively complete legal and regulatory system for the protection and management of Erhai Lake.
5. How to write a 400-word composition about protecting Erhai Lake?
There is a bright pearl in Dali, Yunnan-Erhai Lake.
Erhai Lake is the mother lake of the Bai people in Dali and the second largest freshwater lake in Yunnan. Located at the eastern foot of Cangshan Mountain, there are eighteen streams in the west.
The lake covers an area of about 250 square kilometers with an average water depth of 8.8 meters. Because it is shaped like a human ear, it is called Erhai Lake.
In the past, Erhai Lake was beautiful and pleasant, just like a graceful fairy. In the early morning, the bright sunshine shines on the clear Erhai Lake, making the blue water sparkling and shining like gold.
At noon, fishermen rowed boats to fish in Erhai Lake. Paddle across the quiet lake, causing a series of tiny ripples, just like a fairy dancing gracefully. Silver-white fishing sails, jumping on the waves, appear and disappear.
At night, the bright moonlight shines on Erhai Lake, which seems to be covered with layers of crystal gauze ... but now Erhai Lake has undergone earth-shaking changes. Now Erhai Lake is no longer a graceful fairy, because human beings over-exploit Erhai water resources, ignore the existence of this Erhai mother, constantly discharge domestic sewage into its body, dump domestic garbage and put white plastic bags ... which makes Erhai mother so thin.
At present, the waves on Erhai Lake are no longer dancing like fairies, but roaring like lions, because the sewage, garbage and oil pollution generated by human ships and various ships every day have caused serious pollution to the water body. Now the bright moon is no longer reflected in Erhai Lake, because its water body, water quality and internal sources have been polluted, thus becoming turbid.
Erhai's mother finally couldn't bear the torture of future generations, and also let some fishermen's boats sink to the bottom of the sea. Other fishermen will think when they see it: a boat needs at least several thousand yuan to buy. If the ship sinks, won't thousands of dollars be wasted? I stopped fishing in Erhai Lake.
Therefore, the number of fishermen fishing in Erhai Lake has gradually decreased. As a Dali native, I am a descendant of Erhai Lake.
We should protect our mother Erhai Lake as we protect our eyes, and we have an obligation to do our part to protect Erhai Lake and our ecological environment. Let Erhai Lake be clear and blue forever under the blue sky and white clouds.
People often say: "Erhai Lake is clear and Dali is prosperous." Therefore, as the descendants of Erhai Lake, we should save water, don't use white plastic bags, don't use phosphorus-containing washing powder ... Let each of us become an envoy to protect Erhai Lake and make our mother Erhai Lake more beautiful.