What does the management of occupational disease prevention include?

(1) Working environment management The working environment is the production environment, which refers to the small environment formed by the combination of personnel environment and natural environment factors in the process of production and labor. Affected by the natural environment, the adaptability of workers is mainly influenced by the nature of work, working methods and corresponding technical organization measures, in addition to their own conditions. Working environment will not only affect work efficiency, but also directly affect the safety and health of employees. On the basis of mastering the knowledge of the hazards that substances and machines used in different operations and working environments may bring to human health, we must consider effective working environment countermeasures. Including: ① ventilation equipment: ventilation and exhaust equipment should be set up and maintained, inspected or improved regularly. In addition, necessary emission collection and dust collection devices are provided. (2) Environmental measurement: Based on the most important environmental factors, the characteristics of measurement operations and the changes of the sources and quantities of harmful substances with time and space are measured. We should not underestimate those seemingly unimportant environmental factors. ③ Using closed system to explore the use of automation or substitute items. (4) The establishment of lounge and the configuration of sanitary facilities. (II) Operation management Operation management refers to the safeguard measures taken to make the operation safest, most comfortable and most efficient in a given working environment. Including: ① Persisting in health education, especially the health education aimed at making operators fully understand the relevant working objects is particularly important. (2) Strict compliance with standardization and cooperative operation are important guarantees for safe and efficient operation. Therefore, it is necessary to manage and supervise the configuration, cleaning and rectification of machinery, the representation and treatment methods of harmful substances, operating procedures, operating postures and instruments to be used. (3) Select the person in charge and define the responsibilities and authority. ④ Selection and maintenance management of personal protective equipment. (III) Health management Health management is a process of checking the health status of employees at a specified period and properly handling them according to the inspection results. Its main purpose is to find the health obstacles of employees at an early stage. Health management mainly includes: 1. Establish a health examination system. It is divided into the following two situations: (1) Carry out the health examination for the new employees (including those who are newly employed due to job transfer) before taking up their jobs, and make a conclusion on whether they are suitable for taking up their jobs according to the examination results. (2) For employees engaged in harmful operations, the unit should organize regular health checks and establish health records. The production and working time occupied by accepting occupational health examination according to regulations shall be treated as normal attendance. 2. Post-treatment of health examination. According to the results of health examination, we can not only observe the changes of workers' health indicators, but also evaluate the individual health status of workers one by one and give corresponding health guidance and treatment. The post-treatment of health examination should be carried out from two aspects: medical treatment and work arrangement, such as observation, treatment, transfer to hospital and work restriction. When employees are confirmed to have occupational diseases, their units shall arrange medical treatment and recuperation according to the opinions of occupational disease diagnosis institutions. Workers who are confirmed to be unfit to continue to engage in the original harmful operations after medical treatment and recuperation shall be transferred from their original posts within two months from the date of confirmation and arranged for other jobs.