The controlling shareholder of China Merchants Bank is China Merchants Group, a large state-owned enterprise directly managed by the central government and one of the four Chinese-funded enterprises in Hong Kong. Therefore, China Merchants Bank is also a state-owned enterprise. But it is not wholly state-owned, because China Merchants Bank has been listed, so it is a state-owned joint-stock enterprise. Both wholly state-owned enterprises and state-owned joint-stock enterprises belong to state-owned enterprises.
At present, there are only six large state-owned commercial banks in China, including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Agricultural Bank, Bank of China, Bank of Communications and Postal Savings Bank, among which Postal Savings Bank was newly added to the list of large state-owned commercial banks in February last year and has been listed as "Postal Savings Bank".
China Merchants Bank, a non-state-owned enterprise, is one of the three national joint-stock banks at present. China Merchants Bank, the first joint-stock commercial bank in China wholly controlled by an enterprise legal person, was initiated by China Merchants Group Co., Ltd. on April 8, 1987. It is one of the eight banks and five guarantees of China financial stocks.
Judging from the shareholding structure of China Merchants Bank, its largest single shareholder is China Merchants Steamship Co., Ltd., with a shareholding ratio of 65,438+03.04%. In addition, Shenzhen Yanqing Investment Development Co., Ltd. holds 4.99% and Shenzhen Chu Yuan Investment Development Co., Ltd. holds 3.74%. Both investment companies are directly or indirectly controlled by China Merchants. This means that China Merchants actually owns 2 1.77% of China Merchants Bank. In addition, the state-owned enterprise China COSCO holds 6.24% and China Securities Finance holds 2.99%, which is equivalent to 3 1% of the total shares of state-owned institutions. Although this equity ratio is less than 50%, from the perspective of equity structure, state-owned institutions do not have absolute controlling rights.
But let's not forget that there is a fourth situation in the criteria for identifying state-owned enterprises, that is, state-owned institutions have actual control. At present, the largest single shareholder of China Merchants Bank is China Merchants Group, so China Merchants Group actually has actual control.
So generally speaking, China Merchants Bank is a mixed-ownership enterprise, in which state-owned institutions play a holding role, so it is actually a state-controlled commercial bank.
Therefore, strictly speaking, China Merchants Bank is not a state-owned enterprise, but part of its funds come from state-owned enterprises, which can be regarded as a "mixed ownership enterprise".