The new house has just been renovated, and the toxic gas in the room should be treated scientifically.
Some people suggest planting some plants indoors. In fact, the role of plants in removing toxic gases is limited, and at best, they can only be used as an auxiliary means of indoor environmental governance. More specifically, only when the indoor air is slightly polluted can plants play a small role in removing odor. When indoor air pollutants seriously exceed the standard, plants can do nothing.
According to the national standard "Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering", five items are listed: formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, radon and TVOC. Therefore, what kind of treatment products and methods should be adopted should be based on the actual situation of which harmful substances in indoor air exceed the standard and the degree of exceeding the standard.
To this end, environmental experts pointed out that after the renovation of the house, it is first necessary to carry out indoor air testing to determine the actual situation of indoor air pollution. Then, we can prescribe the right medicine and carry out effective governance.
Theoretically speaking, the release cycle of formaldehyde in toxic gases is as long as 3- 15 years, which must be comprehensively treated, otherwise it will rebound in a short time. Regarding the content of formaldehyde in indoor air after decoration, the national standard is that the first-class civil building is less than 0.08mg/ m3, and the second-class civil building is less than 0. 12mg/ m3. If the test result exceeds the light pollution standard of 0.5 ~ 2 times, it can be scientifically treated by relatively simple methods such as window ventilation, chemical neutralization and adsorption. If the moderate pollution exceeds the standard by 2 ~ 4 times, you should find a professional environmental management company to take comprehensive measures to control the air and control the indoor air pollution before you can move in. If the standard exceeds 4 times or even 10 times, the harm will be even greater. In this environment, people will undoubtedly enter the gas chamber. ...
Introduction of harmful substances in indoor air
Expert research shows that there are more than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, including more than 20 kinds of carcinogens and more than 200 kinds of pathogenic viruses. The main hazards are formaldehyde, benzene, radon, ammonia, esters and trichloroethylene. The harm of five pollutants controlled in the national standard Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering (GB-50325-200 1) to human health is briefly described as follows:
Formaldehyde is a colorless and soluble irritating gas. Wood-based panels such as particleboard, density board, plywood, adhesive and wallpaper are the main sources of formaldehyde in the air, and the release period is as long as 3 ~ 15 years. It can be absorbed through respiratory tract, and the harm of formaldehyde to human body has the characteristics of long-term, latent and concealed. Long-term inhalation of formaldehyde can cause serious diseases such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and laryngeal cancer.
Benzene is a colorless gas with a special aromatic smell. Glue, paint, coating and adhesive are the main sources of benzene in the air. Benzene and benzene series can be anesthetized by the central nervous system after being inhaled by human body; It can inhibit human hematopoietic function, reduce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, and increase the incidence of aplastic anemia; It can also lead to abnormal menstruation in women and congenital defects in the fetus.
Radon is a colorless, odorless and imperceptible inert gas. Building materials such as cement, brick sand, marble and ceramic tiles are the main sources of radon, and a large amount of radon will also be released in geological fault zones. Radon and its daughters enter the human body with air, or attach to tracheal mucosa and lung surface, or dissolve in body fluids and enter cell tissues, forming internal irradiation, which induces lung cancer, leukemia and respiratory diseases. Research by the World Health Organization shows that radon is the second largest carcinogen of lung cancer after smoking.
Ammonia is a colorless gas with a strong pungent smell. It mainly comes from additives such as concrete antifreeze and flame retardant in fire protection board. It has a strong stimulating effect on eyes, throat and upper respiratory tract, and can cause poisoning through skin and respiratory tract. Light can cause congestion, increased secretion, pulmonary edema, bronchitis and dermatitis, and severe can cause laryngeal edema and laryngeal spasm, and can also cause dyspnea, coma and shock. High levels of ammonia can even cause reflex respiratory arrest.
TVOC Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), as heterogeneous pollutants in indoor air, are generally not represented one by one because of their low concentration but various types, and their total amount is represented by TVOC. TVOC includes formaldehyde, benzene, p (m) (o) xylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, butyl acetate, trichloroethylene, chloroform and undecane. Indoor building and decoration materials are the main sources of TVOC in the air. The research shows that even if the content of single VOC in indoor air is lower than its limit, the mixed existence and interaction of multiple VOCs will increase the hazard intensity. TVOC is toxic and irritating, which can cause the imbalance of immune level, affect the function of central nervous system, appear dizziness, headache, lethargy, fatigue, chest tightness and other symptoms, and may also affect the digestive system, such as loss of appetite, nausea, and even cause death in severe cases.
Shocking: The "invisible killer" kills people in one year 1 10000.
In recent years, China has successively formulated a series of standards on indoor environment, from the use of building decoration materials to the limit of pollutants in indoor air, strictly monitoring the indoor environment in all directions to ensure people's health. Therefore, people often think that modern living conditions are constantly improving and indoor environmental pollution has been controlled. In fact, people's understanding of the harm of indoor environmental pollution is far from enough.
American experts found that there are more than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, including more than 20 kinds of carcinogens and more than 200 kinds of pathogenic viruses. The main hazards are radon, formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, esters and trichloroethylene. A large number of shocking facts have confirmed that indoor air pollution has become an "invisible killer" that harms human health, and it has also become a common concern of all countries in the world. Research shows that indoor air pollution is 2-5 times more serious than outdoor air, and it can reach 100 times in special circumstances. Therefore, the United States lists indoor air pollution as one of the five major environmental factors that endanger human health. The World Health Organization also lists indoor air pollution as 10 threat to human health along with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and obesity.
According to statistics, nearly half of the people in the world are exposed to indoor air pollution. Indoor environmental pollution has caused 35.7% respiratory diseases, 22% chronic lung diseases and 65,438+05% tracheitis, bronchitis and lung cancer. At present, the number of excess deaths caused by indoor air pollution in China has reached11000, with an average of 304 people per day, and the number of excess emergency cases has reached 4.3 million, with direct and indirect economic losses as high as 107 billion US dollars.
After investigation by experts, it is found that the use of materials containing harmful substances in bedroom decoration will aggravate indoor pollution and have a greater impact on children and women. Relevant statistics show that most children who died of upper respiratory tract infection in China are directly or indirectly related to indoor air pollution, especially some newly built or rebuilt kindergartens and families. In recent years, the number of children with leukemia in big cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Harbin has increased, and living in an over-decorated room is one of the important reasons. According to a survey conducted by Beijing Children's Hospital, 90% children with leukemia in this hospital have been decorated at home within half a year. Experts speculate that harmful substances in interior decoration materials may be an important cause of childhood leukemia.
According to experts from the Indoor Environment Testing Center of China Interior Decoration Association, the main sources of indoor air pollutants are: building and interior decoration materials, outdoor pollutants, combustion products and human activities. Among them, the pollution of indoor decoration materials and furniture is the main aspect of indoor air pollution at present. Paint, plywood, particleboard, foam filler, interior wall coating, plastic veneer and other materials contain volatile organic compounds (TVOC). The national health, construction and environmental protection departments have also conducted spot checks on interior decoration materials, and the results show that 68% of the materials are polluted by toxic gases, and these decoration materials will emit more than 300 kinds of volatile organic compounds. After being used in home decoration, indoor pollutants are formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene, xylene, volatile organic compounds and radioactive gas radon. Human contact with these harmful substances can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, dyspnea and so on. Repeated contact can cause allergic reactions, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and dermatitis, and long-term contact can lead to cancer (lung cancer, leukemia) or abortion, fetal malformation and growth retardation.
Because indoor air pollution directly harms health and life, we should realize the seriousness of indoor air pollution and seek ways to detect and control indoor air pollution. However, there are still many people who have insufficient understanding of whether indoor air monitoring is needed after renovation. Some of them are very troublesome and think that they will not do too much harm to their health. Just open the doors and windows and put some green plants in the room. Some people think that the indoor smell is not big and there is no need for testing; Others think that the decoration materials are carefully selected by themselves and there will be no pollution. In fact, many harmful substances in decorative materials are indistinguishable from the naked eye and the sense of smell. For example, the pungent smell of benzene series is not big, but it is very harmful to human body. Another example is radioactive gas radon, which has no smell, but can cause lung cancer, which is the second largest risk factor after smoking. Therefore, every family and individual must have a clear understanding and cognition of indoor decoration pollution. We should understand that once air pollution does harm to our health, it will not only affect our work and study, but also bring a heavy economic burden to our families. What's more, if leukemia and lung cancer are caused by pollution, it is very difficult to treat and even life-threatening.
Recently, the reporter interviewed some insiders and experts. They agree that it is very important to understand indoor air pollution scientifically and deal with it in time. Houses that seriously exceed the standard must be handled by professional concentration before they can live safely. Professionals suggest that the correct way to control indoor air pollution is to detect indoor air first to determine the pollution degree and main harmful components, and then choose the appropriate control method to remove harmful gases according to the situation that harmful gases exceed the standard. On the basis of centralized treatment, the harmful gases released slowly in the future will be absorbed and oxidized by long-acting air bactericide, so as to eliminate the newly released harmful gases to the maximum extent and achieve the purpose of purifying the air for a long time. In short, after the room is renovated, don't forget to check it first, so as not to move into the "gas chamber" and endanger health and life!
10 Symptoms of indoor environmental pollution
1. The newly renovated room has pungent, dazzling and other irritating smells that will last for a long time;
2. I feel sick, depressed and dizzy every morning; Family members often catch colds;
3. Family members have long-term mental fatigue and loss of appetite; Non-smokers often feel throat discomfort and poor breathing;
4. Children at home often cough and their immunity decreases;
5. Family members have group skin allergies;
6. Family members * * * have a symptom, which has obviously improved after leaving home;
7. Newlyweds are infertile for a long time and can't find the reason;
8. Pregnant women are pregnant under normal circumstances but find that the baby is deformed;
9. Plants in newly moved or renovated houses are not easy to survive;
10. Domestic pets died inexplicably.